2019年高考一轮复习语法综合训练（十三）
一 语法填空
A 篇
【2019届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三第三次模拟考试】
Famous British physicist Stephen Hawking, 42． mental genius and physical disability made him a household name and inspiration across the globe, has died at age 76.
Propelled(推动) to superstar by his 1988 book A Brief History of Time, which became 43． unlikely worldwide bestseller, Hawking devoted 44．(he) to unlocking the secrets of the Universe. His genius and wit 45．(win) over fans from far beyond the world of astrophysics, earning comparisons with Albert Einstein and Sir Isaac Newton.
Hawking died 46．(peaceful) at his home in the British university city of Cambridge in the early hours of Wednesday morning.
“We are deeply saddened that our beloved father passed away today,” professor Hawking’s children said in a statement 47． (carry) by Britain’s Press Association news agency. “He was a great scientist and an extraordinary man whose work and legacy will live 48． for many years.”
Hawking refused to accept the predictions that he would only live for a few years after developing a form of motor neurone disease in his early 49． (twenty). The illness gradually robbed him of mobility, 50．(leave) him confined to a wheelchair, almost completely paralysed and unable to speak except through his voice synthesiser(合成器).
“His courage and persistence with his brilliance and 51． (humorous) inspired people across the world,” his family said.
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。英国最著名的物理学家斯蒂芬霍金，于星期三早晨在家中平静地去世，他一生致力于探究宇宙的奥秘。他的《时间简史》成为当时最畅销的书。他的天才和智慧不仅在物理学界赢得了盛赞，而且还赢得了世人的崇拜。
42．考查定语从句关系词。分析句子Famous British physicist Stephen Hawking,_1__ mental genius and physical disability made him可知，Stephen Hawking被一个定语从句修饰，先行词Hawking在从句中作mental genius and physical disability的定语，作定语用whose。句意：英国著名的物理学家霍金，他的智力天才和身体的残疾让他成为全世界的家喻户晓的人物和鼓舞人心的人物，已经逝世，享年76岁。故填whose。
43．考查冠词。分析句子可知，《时间简史》是一部畅销书，表示数量“一”，形容词unlikely是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
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44．考查固定搭配。devote oneself to (doing) sth为固定搭配，意为“致力于做某事”。霍金一生致力于揭开宇宙的奥秘。故填himself。
45．考查谓语动词。本文主要讲述霍金生前的事，要用一般过去时，因此本空要用过去时won。句意：他的天才和智慧不只在天体物理学界赢得许多粉丝。故填won。
46．考查副词作状语。霍金于星期三凌晨在英国大学城剑桥的家中平静地死去。peaceful 为形容词，在句中修饰动词died，修饰动词一般用副词，因此要用其副词形式peacefully。
47．考查非谓语。Hawking教授的孩子在英国新闻协会新闻社发表的一份声明中说……。分析句子in a statement___6___ (carry) by Britain’s Press Association news agency可知，carry在句中作a statement的后置定语。根据by Britain’s Press Association news agency（由新闻社发表的声明），statement与carry 是被动关系，故要用过去分词carried。
48．考查固定搭配。live on 为固定搭配，在此意为“继续活着，继续存在”。故填on。
49．考查固定搭配。in one’s twenties为固定搭配，意为“在某人二十几岁时”。句意：霍金拒绝接受他在20岁多岁时他患了运动神经元病后只活了几年的预言。故填twenties。
50．考查非谓语作状语。分析句子可知，前面的句子（The illness gradually robbed him of mobility,）“疾病逐渐夺走了他的机动性“，导致了后面的结果，即“使他只能坐在轮椅上”。这种情况下用动词的ing形式作状语，修饰前面的整个句子。故填leaving。
51．考查名词。分析句子__10___ (humorous) inspired people across the world可知，空格处在句子中做主语，形容词不能作主语，用名词形式做主语，故填Humor/humor。
B篇
【2019届湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中高三5月联考】
If you walk through the park in the morning, you are probably used to seeing 42． series of beautiful movements performed in a slow, focused manner with deep breathing.
Today, Tai Chi’s incredible powers are shown in its popularity. Millions of lovers of Tai Chi around the world are using the form of martial arts (武术) 43． an important healthcare practice to get control of their health, manage stress and slow down the process of gelling old. On Mar3, a new report from London showed that Tai Chi had helped hundreds of older people in Britain’s capital to Slav 44． (fit) than ever.
In traditional Chinese culture, often Tai Chi 45． (link) to the Chinese idea of yin and yang, the idea that one can see two sides in everything. According to a legend, one day Taoist Zhang Sanfeng saw a hawk attacking a snake in the Wudang Mountains. 46． (inspire) by the snake’s defense, he created a set of 72 movements, 47． used softness and power from inside to defeat brute (残暴的) force.
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Tai Chi can be practiced anytime and anywhere without 48． (equip) or gymnasium. Of course Tai Chi’s benefits go beyond physical 49．. For Marleni Calcina from Peru, who has practiced Tai Chi for more than 10 years, it’s not only a sport, but also a way of life, It’s Tai Chi 50． has taught her how to “gain peace and inner harmony”. “For me now, practiced Tai Chi is like 51． (speak) with my soul,” she says.
【解析】 本文为应用文。主要讲述了人们练习太极的好处。
42．考查固定搭配。a series of 为固定搭配，意为“一系列的”，故填 a 。
43． 考查固定搭配。use…as… 为固定搭配。as为介词，意为“作为，如同”。意为“使用…为…，将…作为…”全世界数以百万计的太极爱好者将武术的形式作为一种….。故填as。
44． 考查比较级。根据后面的“(fit) than ever.”可知，要用比较级，故填fitter。
45．考查谓语动词。根据often可知要用一般现在时，而本句中是把太极和中国的阴阳联系起来，所以太极是被与…联系起来，故填is linked
46．考查非谓语。分析句子可知，本句___5___ (inspire) by the snake’s defense, he…是省略句， (inspire的逻辑主语是主句的主语he，二者是被动关系，要用过去分词inspired。而inspire后的“ by the snake’s defense”可知，也是被动关系，故用Inspired
47．考查定语从句。他创造了一套72个动作，用柔软和力量从内部打败了蛮力。分析he created a set of 72 movements, ___6___ used softness and power from inside to defeat brute (残暴的) force.可知，本句是非限制性定语从句。先行词是 movements，先行词在从句中作used 的主语，指物，作主语，用 which 。
48．考查介词宾语。本句中的动词equip作介词without 的宾语，动词不能作宾语，故用其名词形式equipment 。句意： Tai Chi可以随时随地进行练习，而不需要设备和体育馆
49．考查代词辨析。 分析句子可知，本句的所填的ones 指代前面的名词benefits，同类不同物。当然，Tai Chi的利益超越了物质利益。故填ones。
50．考查强调句型。分析句子It’s Tai Chi ___9___ has taught her how to “gain peace and inner harmony”.可知，本句中是强调句型It is +被强调部分+ that +剩余部分，去掉It is..that…句子完整。故填that.。句意：是太极教会我如何获得内心的平静和和谐。故填that.
51．考查介词宾语。分析句子可知，本句中的动词speak 作介词like的宾语，动词不能作宾语，故用speaking。句意：练习太级就像和灵魂交流。
C篇
【2019届湖北省襄阳四中2019届高三5月第四次模拟】
China, which takes pride in inventions in ancient times, has once again demonstrated its 42． (able) to change the world with its “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments,
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43． (share) bicycles and online shopping. The “new four great inventions” are all related 44． China’s high-tech innovation(创新), which has improved the quality of people’s lives. “My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat anything 45． I want simply with a tap of my phone,” said Lin Jinlong, 46． overseas Chinese student from Cambodia, 47． (add) that “even pancake sellers are using Alipay (mobile payment). We can also order food at home, which is super convenient. If I 48． (be) at home in Cambodia, I would have to go outdoors.”
The bikes themselves are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing is based on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies. It is 49． (increase) clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is partly because China skipped over the PC age and went directly to mobile. China has the 50． (large) mobile use in the world.
In terms of the “new four great inventions”, Charlie Dai, principal analyst of American market research company Forrester, said, “These products and services 51． (improve) the customer experience so far, improving national and global economy at the same time”.
【解析】本文介绍中国的新四大发明。
42．考查名词。此处its是形容词性物主代词，后面应该用名词形式，able是形容词，故答案为ability（能力）。
43．考查过去分词做前置定语。“被分享的自行车”，此处share和bicycle之间是被动关系，做前置定语，故答案为shared。
44．考查固定搭配。be related to与---有关，故答案为to。
45．考查定语从句。此处anything是先行词，不定代词，指物，且后面的定语从句缺少引导词和宾语，不定代词做先行词后面的定语从句用that引导，故答案为that。
46．考查不定冠词。林金龙说，一位来自柬埔寨的海外留学生。overseas以元音音素开头，故答案为an。 47．考查现在分词。此处林金龙和add之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词做伴随状态，故答案为adding。 48．考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我在柬埔寨的家里，我就得去户外。根据主语的谓语动词would have可知此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与现在的事实相反，从句用一般过去时态，be动词的过去式用were，故答案为were。
49．考查副词。clear是形容词，副词修饰形容词，故答案为increasingly。
50．考查最高级。句意：中国拥有世界上最大的移动手机的应用。定冠词the用在最高级前面，故答案为largest。 51．考查时态。根据so far可知句子用现在完成时态，These products and services是句子主语，复数形式，故答案为have improved。
【点睛】
if在条件状语从句中的虚拟语气。
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1. 表示与现在事实相反的情况。其句子结构为：从句：if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + ……主句：主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ ……
If I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的话，我再读一遍。（事实上我不是你）
2. 表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。其句子结构为：从句：If + 主语+ had +过去完成式动词+ ……主句：主语+ would (should, could, might) + have +过去完成式动词+……
If you had taken my advice, you would not have made such a mistake.如果你听了我的劝告,就不会犯这样的错误。（事实上你没有听我的劝告）
3. 表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 (对将来的事实实现的可能性不大)。其句子结构为：从句：If + 主语+ should (或were) + 动词原形+……主句：主语+ would (could, should, might) + 动词原形+……
If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. 如果明天下雨的话，我将待在家里。（根据天气情况，明天不可能下雨） 二 短文改错
A篇
【2019届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三第三次模拟考试】
We often hear stories of animals rescued people. But now someone has managed to return the favor. The event took place on one snowy January morning where Thomas Smith was walking her dog, Jack, in the park. “As I was walking, I just saw Jack running onto the ice towards the ducks in the middle, and then he falls into the water,” said Smith. He realized he had no choice but try and save his dogs.” Finally, I got Jack by a neck and pulled him out. I don’t think of I have ever felt so cold by the time we got back to the land. When we got there, everyone was asking why Jack was okay—no one was particular worried about me!”
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。我们常听说动物救人的故事，今天却反过来了。作者托马斯在公园溜狗时，自己的狗因为追赶冰上的鸭子而掉进水里，作者只好救它。等到了岸上，人们只关心狗是否安好，却没有人担心作者。
1. 考查非谓语作定语。句意：我们经常听到动物救人的故事。分析句子We often hear stories of animals rescued people可知，句中的rescued people作定语修饰animals，而animals与 rescue是主动关系，要用动词的-ing形式。故把rescued改为rescuing。
2. 考查定语从句。句意：事件发生在一个下雪的一月早晨，那时Thomas Smith在公园里遛他的狗杰克。分析句子The event took place on one snowy January morning where Thomas Smith was walking her dog, Jack, in the park.可知，本句中的先行词one snowy January morning在从句中作时间状语，故把where改为when。
3. 考查人称代词。根据文章可知Thomas Smith是个男性，故把her改为his。
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