圣才电子书www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台第二章快速阅读Passage1EducationStudyFindsU.S.FallingBehindTeachersintheUnitedStatesearnlessrelativetonationalincomethantheircounterpartsinmanyindustrializedcountriesyettheyspendfarmorehoursinthefrontoftheclassroomaccordingtoamajornewinternationalstudy.ThesalarydifferentialsarepartofapatternofrelativelylowpublicinvestmentineducationintheUnitedStatescomparedwithothermembernationsoftheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment,agroupinParisthatcompiledthereport.TotalgovernmentspendingoneducationalinstitutionsintheUnitedStatesslippedto4.8percentofgrossdomesticproductin1998,fallingundertheinternationalaverage—5percent—forthefirsttime.“Thewholeeconomyhasgrownfasterthantheeducationsystem,”AndreasSchleicher,oneofthereports’authors,explained.“Theeconomyhasdoneverywell,butteachershavenotfullybenefit.”Thereport,dueouttoday,isthesixthoneducationpublishedsince1991bytheorganizationof30nations,foundedin1960andnowcoveringmuchofEurope,NorthAmerica,Japan,Korea,AustraliaandNewZealand.Inadditiontotheteacherpaygap,thereportshowstheothercountrieshavebeguntocatchupwiththeUnitedStatesinhighereducation:collegeenrollmenthasgrownby20percentsince1995acrossthegroup,withoneinfouryoungpeoplenowearningdegrees.Forthefirsttime,theUnitedStates’1/49college圣才电子书www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台graduationrate,nowat33percent,isnottheworld’shighest.Finland,theNetherlands,NewZealandandBritainhavesurpassedit.TheUnitedStatesisalsoproducingfewermathematicsandsciencegraduatesthanmastoftheothermemberstates.Andthereportsaysacollegedegreeproducesagreaterboostinincomeherewhilethelackofahighschooldiplomaimposesabiggerincomepenalty.“Thenumberofgraduatesisincreasing,butthatstimulatesevenmoreofademand—thereisnoendinsight,”Mr.Schleichersaid.“Thedemandforskill,clearly,isgrowingfasterthanthesupplythatiscomingfromschoolsandcolleges.”ThereportliststhesalaryforahighschoolteacherintheUnitedStateswith15years,experienceas$36,219,abovetheinternationalaverageof$31,887butbehindsevenothercountriesandlessthan60percentofSwitzerland’s$62,052.BecauseteachersintheUnitesStateshaveaheavierclassroomload—teachingalmostathirdmorehoursthantheircounterpartsabroad—theirsalaryperhourofactualteachingis$35,lessthantheinternationalaverageof$41(Denmark,SpainandGermanypaymorethan$50perteachinghour,Korea$77).In1994suchaveteranteacherintheUnitedStatesearned1.2timestheaveragepercapitaincomewhereasin1999thesalarywasjustunderthenationalaverage.OnlytheCzechRepublic,Hungary,IcelandandNorwaypaytheirteacherslessrelativetonationalincome;inKoreateachersearn2.5timesthenationalaverage.Teacherpayaccountsfor56percentofwhattheUnitedStatesspendsoneducation,wellbelowthe67percentaverageamongthegroupofcountries.2/49圣才电子书www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台ThenewdatacomeastheUnitedStatesfacesashortageoftwomillionteachersoverthenextdecade,withquestionsoftraining,professionalismandsalariesbeingdebatedbypoliticianslocalandnational.AninternationalexpertattheAmericanAssociationofCollegesofTeacherEducationsaidtrainingforteachersiscomparableamongmostofthenationsinthestudy,andthattheyarealldealingwithsimilarissuesofraisingstandardsandincreasingprofessionalism.ThoughtheUnitedStateslagsbehindinscoresonstandardizedtestsinscienceandmathematics,studentsheregetmoreinstructioninthosesubjects,thereportshows.Theaverage14-year-oldAmericanspent295hoursinmathandscienceclassesin1999,farmorethanthe229internationalaverage;onlyAustria(370hours),Mexico(367)andNewZealand(320)havemoreinstructioninthosesubjects.Middle-schoolersherespendlesstimethantheirinternationalcounterpartsstudyingforeignlanguagesandtechnologybutfarmorehoursworkingonphysicaleducationandvocationalskills.HighschoolstudentsintheUnitedStatesarefarmorelikelytohavepart-timejobs:64percentofAmericansages15to19workedwhileinschool,comparedwithaninternationalaverageof31percent(onlyCanadaandtheNetherlands,with69percent,andDenmark,with75percentwerehigher).OneplacetheUnitedStatesspendsmoremoneyisonspecialservicesforthedisabledandthepoor.Morethanoneinfourchildrenhereareinprogramsbasedonincome—onlyfiveothercountriesserveeven1in10—andnearly6percentgetadditionalresourcesbasedonphysicalormentalhandicaps,twiceorthreetimes3/49圣才电子书www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台therateinothercountries.ThereportshowsacontinuingshiftinwhichtheUnitedStatesislosingitsstatusasthemosthighlyeducatedamongthenations.TheUnitedStateshasthehighestlevelofhighschoolgraduatesages55to64,butfallstofifth,behindNorway,Japan,Korea,theCzechRepublicandSwitzerland,amongages25to34.AmongcollegegraduatesitleadsintheoldergenerationbutisthirdbehindCanadaandJapanintheyoungercohort(一群).WhiletheportionofAmericanswithhighschooldiplomasremainsat88percentacrossagegroups,theaverageageamongmembercountriesisrising.Ithasgonefrom58percentofthoseages45to54,to66percentofthoseages35to44and72percentofthoseages25to34.AhigherpercentageofyoungpeopleinNorway,Japan,Korea,theCzechRepublicandSwitzerlandhavedegreesthanintheUnitedStates.“TheU.S.hasledthedevelopmentincollegeeducationandmakingeducationsortofaccessibleforeveryone,”Mr.Schleichersaid.“It’snowbecomingthenorm.”问题1—6从所给选项中选择最佳答案，7—10根据内容将句子补充完整。1.ComparedwiththeircounterpartsinmanyindustrializedcountriestheU.S.teachers_____.A.earnlessB.worklongerC.areyoungerD.aresmarter4/49圣才电子书www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台2.TheU.S.governmentspent_____ofitsGDPoneducationin1998.A.4.8%B.5%C.lessthan4.8%D.morethan5%3.WhatdowelearnaboutFinlandfromthepassage?A.Itenjoysthehighestcollegegraduationrate.B.ItsurpassestheU.S.incollegegraduationrate.C.Itenjoysa20-percentincreaseincollegeenrollment.D.IthasmoreyoungpeopleearningdegreesthanBritish.4.WhenthenumberofgraduatesintheU.S.increases,_____.A.theyhavenotenoughjobstodoB.theysufferadropininitialsalariesC.thedemandforthemisrisingD.morecollegestudentsdroptheirstudy5.ThenewstudyshowsthattheactualteachingsalaryperhourintheU.S.is_____.A.$35B.$41C.$50D.$776.WhatdoesthereportsayabouttheU.S.students’studyofscienceandmathematics?5/49
相关推荐：
loading