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第9章
习题9-1
1. 判定下列级数的收敛性:
1(1) ?5?n(a>0); (2)
an?1???(n?1??n?1?n);
1(3) ?; (4)
n?1n?32?(?1)n; ?n2n?1n(5) ?ln; (6)
n?1n?1n?1(7) ?; (8)
n?1n解:(1)该级数为等比级数,公比为即0?a?1时,级数发散.
???(?1)n?1??n2;
(?1)n?n. ?n?02n?1111,且a?0,故当||?1,即a?1时,级数收敛,当||?1aaa (2)QSn?(2?1)?(3?2)?L?(n?1?n) ?n??n?1?1
limSn??
?
??(n?1?n?1?n)发散.
??111(3)?是调和级数?去掉前3项得到的级数,而调和级数?发散,故原
n?1nn?1nn?1n?3级数
1发散. ?n?3n?1?2?(?1)n??1(?1)n????n?1?n? (4)Q?n22?n?1n?1?2?1?(?1)m1而?n?1,?是公比分别为的收敛的等比级数,所以由数项级数的基本性质n222n?1n?1??1(?1)n?知??n?1?收敛,即原级数收敛. n?2?n?1?2?精品文档
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(5)Qlnn?lnn?ln(n?1) n?1于是Sn?(ln1?ln2)?(ln2?ln3)?L[lnn?ln(n?1)] ?ln1?ln(n?1)??ln(n?1) 故limSn???,所以级数
n???lnn?1发散.
n?1?n (6)QS2n?0,S2n?1??2
?
limSn不存在,从而级数?(?1)n2发散.
n??n?1?(7)QlimUn?limn???n?1?1?0
n??n ? 级数
n?1发散. ?nn?1(?1)nn(?1)nn1(8)Q Un?, lim?
n??2n?12n?12(?1)nn ? limUn?0,故级数?发散.
x??n?12n?1?2. 判别下列级数的收敛性,若收敛则求其和:
1??1 ※
(1) ??n?n?; (2)
3?n?1?2π(3) ?n?sin; (4)
2nn?1??1; ?n(n?1)(n?2)n?1????cosn?0nπ. 2??111?11?解:Q(1)?n, ?n都收敛,且其和分别为1和,则??n?n?收敛,且其
3?2n?12n?13n?1?2和为1+
13=. 2211?121??????
n(n?1)(n?2)2?nn?1n?2?(2)Q ?Sn?1?21?1?121?1?121?1?121?1?????????L??????????? 2?23?2?234?2?345?2?nn?1n?2?精品文档
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1?111?????? 2?2n?1n?2?limSn?n??11故级数收敛,且其和为. 44π?ππππ2(3)Un?nsin,而limUn?lim?发散. ??0,故级数?n?sinn??2π2n2nn??2n?12nnπ(4)Un?cos,而limU4k?limcos2kπ?1,limU4k?2?limcos(2k?1)π??1
k??k??k??k??2sin故limUn不存在,所以级数
n????cosn?0?nπ发散. 23. 设
※
?Un?1?n (Un>0)加括号后收敛,证明
??Un?1?n亦收敛.
证:设
?Un?1n(Un?0)加括号后级数?An收敛,其和为S.考虑原级数?Un的部分和
n?1n?1?Sn??Uk,并注意到Uk?0(k?1,2,L),故存在n0,使
k?1?Sn??Uk??At?s
k?1t?1?n0又显然Sn?Sn?1对一切n成立,于是,{Sn}是单调递增且有上界的数列,因此,极限limSnn??存在,即原级数
?Un?1?n亦收敛.
习题9-2
1. 判定下列正项级数的收敛性:
1(1) ?; (2)
(n?1)(n?2)n?1n?2(3) ?; (4)
n?1n(n?2)1(5) ? (a>0); (6) nn?11?a???n?1??n; n?11n(n?5)12??n?1?;
?a?bn?1n (a, b>0);
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(7)
???n?1?n?a?n?a (a>0); (8)
22??2nn?1??n?1; 4?13n ※
(9) ?; (10) nn?1n?2nn; ?n!n?13?5?7???(2n?1)(11) ?; (12)
4?7?10???(3n?1)n?1??n; ?n3n?1?(n!)2 ※
(13) ?n2; (14)
n?12(15)
?n???; ?2n?1?n?1?nπ3?n?2n?1?nsinπ3nncos2; (16) ?2nn?1?.
??1111?2而?2收敛,由比较判别法知级数?解:(1)因为收
(n?1)(n?2)nn?1(n?1)(n?2)n?1n敛.
(2)因为limUn?limn??n??n?1?0,故原级数发散. n?1?1n?2n1?? (3)因为,而?发散,由比较判别法知,级数
n(n?1)n(n?1)n?1n?1n?1n?2发散. ?n(n?1)n?1(4)因为?1n(n?5)2?1n?n2?1n32,而
?n?1?1n(n2?5)是收敛的p级数(p??3?1),2由比较判别法知,级数
?n?1?1n(n?5)2收敛.
1nna1(5)因为lim1?a?lim?lim(1?) nn??n??1?ann??11?anaa?1?1?1? ??a?1
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?11而当a?1时,?n收敛,故?收敛; nn?1an?11?a?1 当a?1时,?n=
n?1a 当0?a?1时lim??1发散,故?n?1?1发散; n1?an?1?11,故发散; ?1?0limn??1?ann??1?an11综上所述,当0?a?1时,级数lim发散,当时,收敛. lima?1n??1?ann??1?an1nbnaa?b (6)因为lim?lim?lim(1?)
n??n??a?bnn??1a?bnbnb?1?1?1???b?1 ?a?10?b?1??0?11而当b?1时, ?n收敛,故?收敛; na?bbn?1n?1??111 当b?1时,?n??1发散,故而由a?0, 0?也发散; ???,故?na?1n?1a?bn?1bn?1?111 当0?b?1时,lim故发散; ??0?nn??a?bna?ban?1?11综上所述知,当0?b?1时,级数?发散;当b>1时,级数收敛. ?nnn?1a?bn?1a?b???n2?a?n2?a2an?lim (7)因为lim 22n??n??1n?a?n?an ?lim2a1?aa?1?n2n2n???a?0
?122而?发散,故级数?(n?a?n?a)(a?0)发散. n?1nn?1?精品文档
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