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论《儿子和情人》中劳伦斯的悲剧意识

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讨。象征意象,特别是与白色、黑暗紧密相联的意象是其悲剧思想的重要载体,而悲剧群像的塑造则取得了一种“厄运普遍性”的悲剧效果。乌托邦构建是从劳伦斯给现代社会顽疾所提供的解决方法为出发点,既表达了作家对恢复现代人生命力的强烈愿望,又体现了他对在高度文明的社会里建立一种新型两性关系的疑虑。结论部分综合评析了劳伦斯的后期作品,指出《儿子与情人》是他悲剧刨作中的一部重要小说,而悲剧意识则是贯穿其创作的指导思想。关键词:劳伦斯:《儿子与情人》:悲剧;悲剧意识AbstractDavidHerbertLawrence(1885—1930),oneofthemostinfiuentialwritersiutheEnglishliteraryhistory,hasinvitedheatedcriticalresponsestohisart.However,thecriticismisnotalwaysfavorable.Asacontroversialfigure,heissometimeslabeledasan“obscenity”writer,andhisworksareoftenmisjudgedorless—valued.Byinvestigatinghisartistictreatmentoftheman—womanrelations,theauthorofthispapersuggeststhattherelationshipbetweenthesexesinLawrence’Sworksshouldbeconsideredaestheticallyinthatithasbecomehisparticularanglefromwhichhepresentshumanexistentialdilemmasaccompaniedwithmodemcivilization.Fromthepointoftragedy,theauthorstilldiscoversthatinthefictionalworld,Lawrence’Scharactersareinevitablychainedbythealienatedman-womanrelationsordevastatedbythemodemindustrialsystem.Asthefirstmajornovelinhisliterarycareer,SonsandLoversinitiatesLawrence’Sexplorationintothenatureofsexandlove.Aftermakingatextualanalysisofthisbook,theauthorarguesthatthesplitmale—femalerelationsandtheaestheticapproachesrespectivelyreflectandenhanceLawrence’Stragicsense.Thispaper,intendedtostudyLawrence’StragicsensemanifestedinSonsandLovers,consistsofanintroduction,threechaptersandaconclusion.Theintroductionmakesageneralstudyoftwobasiccriticalapproachestothisnovelandpointsoutthatfromtheperspectiveoftragedy,Lawrence’SartCallbebetterappreciated.ChapterOnedealswiththeformationofhistragicoutlook.Thethensocialrealitiesurgehimtocontemplatethemeaningoflifeandthinkovermodempeople’Sdestiny.Meanwhile,thetwowesterntragedytraditionsandthemodemtragedydevelopment,alongwiththemodemideasproducedbysuchgiantsasFreud,Schopenhauer,Bergson,andNietzsche,constitutetheculturalcontextwhichimportantlypromotestheformationofhistragicvision.Moreover,theinfluenceofhispersonalexperiencesistheinbuiltfactorthatdirectlypropelstheformationanddevelopmentofhistragicphilosophy.ChapterTwoisatextualanalysisofhowhistragicsenseisrevealedthroughthetragictheme。'·_therelationshipbetweenthesexes-Threeimportantmail—womanrelationsinthenovelarejuxtaposedlydiscussed,aanditisconcludedthatalltheserelationsfurtherdiscussionabouthowhistragicaestheticmethodsemployedinaretotallyalienated.ChapterThreeissenseisenhancedwiththehelpofhisathisbook.Thesymbolicimagerygetsserveaspriorthediscussionsincethewhiteanddarkimagesimportantvehidestocarryanovelist’Stragicthought.Thesecondisthetragiccharacterizationoftragicvictims,andthismethodachieves“auniversalityoftragedy”.1constructioncomeslastbuttonotgroupofutopianTheleast.ItisseenfromthepointofLawrence’Ssolutionasthesocialsickness,andconveyshiswishforresuminghumanlifeforcewellashisuncertaintyofcreatingneworderbetweenthesexes.TheconclusionmakessurveyofLawrence’SsubsequentworksandconcludesthatSonsandLoversisaanimportantnovelinhislife-longtragiccreation,andthatthetragicguidingideologyofhiswriting.KeysenseistheWords:Lawrence;SonsandLovers;tragedy;tragicsenseAcknowledgements1wouldliketothankallmyteachersintheForeignLanguageDepartmentofSiChuanNormalUniversity,towhomIowemuchofmyknowledgeintheEnglishlanguage,linguistics,translation,andespeciallyinliteraturestudies.IamverygratefultoProfessorJiProfessorXiaoMin,ProfessorZhangYudu,ProfessorZhangShunfu,Min#all,etc.,whoseilluminatinglecturesandsuggestionsarousedmyinterestinliteratureanddeepenedmyunderstandingofit.IalsoappreciatethehelpofProfessorZhangChaandProfessorQinSujue,whomadeenlighteningproject.MymostsinceregratitudegoestomyadvicewhenIstartedthepapersupervisor,ProfessorMengXueqinforherinsightfulcriticisms,invaluablehelpandconstantencouragementthroughoutthecompos“ionofmypaper.Thispaperwouldneverhavebeenfinishedwithouthergraciouspatiencealsoandconscientiousguidance.toThefulfillmentofthispapershouldbelongmyclassmatesandroommates,whohaveshowngreatfriendshiptomeduringthesethreeyearsofmygraduatestudy.Meanwhile,1wouldlikemygirlfriend,whoselovetodedicatethispapertomyparents,mybrothers,andmeansthestrongestsupportinmylife.OnLawrence’STragicSenseinSonsandLoversIntroductionDavidHerbertLawrence(1885—1930)wasoneofthemostrenownedandcontroversialfiguresinEnglishliterature.Dufinghislife-longliterarycreation,heextendedhistalenttonovels,plays,essays,poetry,criticism,shortfiction,travelwriting,etc.Thoughhewasnovelswereoftenaversatileandprolificwriter,hisworks,especiallyhisormisjudgedmisinterpretedbyreviewersforhiscontroversialtheme…theflanktreatmentofsex.However,itisinjustthesenovels…SonsandLaayChatterleyjLovers(1913),TheRainbow(1915),WomenLover(1928)thatasLove(1920),andhaveplacedhiminthefrontrankofthetwentiethcenturywriters,ourE.M.ForsterclaimedthatLawrencewas“thegreatestimaginativenovelistofLeavisgeneration”(qtd.in11).majornovelinLawrence’sliterarycanon,isSonsandLovers,asthefirstconsideredoneofthemostimportantandinnovativenovelsofthetwentiethcenturynatureforitssubjectmatterratherthanitsstyle,andessentiallyitsinnovativethewayitportraysthepsychologicaldevelopmentofaliesinwholefamily.Thisbookestablishedthewriter’sliterarystatusinthatwithitspublication,Lawrencehimselfwasprofiledinanumberofliteraryhistories,andwhatismoresignificantaboutthisnovelisthatfromitspublicationin1913,hisbookswereregularlyreviewedinthemostinfluentialBritishandAmericanliteraryorgansofhisday(Jackson,Introduction1).criticalresponsesfromvariousliteraryourSonsandLovershasinvitedenthusiasticapproaches,amongwhichtwoprominentinterpretativemethodsdeservespecialnotice.Thefirstistheautobiographicalstudy,exploringtheplaceswhereLawrenceseemstoretellhisownexperiencesfictionally,andtherepresentativeofthis1

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