Unit 2 The environment
一、阅读理解。
Vinegar makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even use it to clean your windows. And now, according to scientists, it may even the planet’s population survive climate change.
Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan found that growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the world’s supply of food will be much lower. The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate（醋酸盐）—the main component of vinegar.
After discovering this, the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants, before they stopped giving them water completely. After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.
It’s hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops alive. \foods of the world—rice, wheat and maize—and the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed（油菜籽）,\magazine.
Kim also told the magazine he’s already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners. Although at this point keeping thirsty plants alive isn’t as easy as just pouring vinegar over them, Kim said he and his team are working on making the process as simple as possible. \we are trying to cooperate with some farmers, and also some companies, to make a method to apply this system, \neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returning
home from a trip to find our favorite flowers have died. 1.What is the article mainly about?
A. The world’s food supply will be increased. B. Plants better survive droughts.
C. The Arabidopsis is resistant to droughts. D. Vinegar could be used to fight droughts. 2.It was discovered that acetate can .
A. be used by farmers to replace soil B. only be produced by the Arabidopsis C. help plants survive dry conditions D. be used to improve poor soil 3.What are the target plants of the experiment? A. all breeding species. C. rice and maize.
B. wheat and Arabidopisis.
D. rapeseed and Arabidopisis.
4.Jong Myong Kim’s experiment of trying out the method . A. can make people’s trips pleasant B. turned out a worldwide success
C. is as simple as pouring vinegar over the plants D. appeals to many flower growing companies
【文章大意】 本文属于科普类文章。醋不仅使食物味道更好，还可以用它来清洁你的窗户。研究发现醋中生长的植物，使它们更耐干旱。
1.D 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述了醋能让植物在干旱的环境中生存，
即能抗击干旱，故选D。
3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the experiment, we targeted the staple
foods of the world—rice, wheat and maize—and the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed,”可知在实验中，主要针对大米，小麦和玉米等。故选C。
4.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的第一句“Kim…he’s already been in touch with
people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners”分析本句可知Kim已与对此感兴趣的花卉种植公司联系，也就是吸引这些公司。故选D。
二、单项填空
1.After a long _______, the bill was passed by the House of the Commons. A. argue B. debate C. discuss D. quarrel 【答案】B
【解析】 argue 争论， 争吵， 讨论； debate(正式的)辩论， 讨论， 常以表决结束； discussion 讨论， 议论； quarrel
争吵。debate 指在公众集会或会议上的辩论或讨论，通常以表决的方式结束。句意：经过长时间
的辩论，那项议案被下议院通过了。
2.It is my _______ to check that all doors and windows are locked after everybody leaves .
A. doubt B. poster C. responsibility D. evidence 【答案】C
【解析】doubt 怀疑；poster 海报；responsibility 责任；evidence 证据。句意：在大家都离开后，我们有责 任检查门窗有没有锁好。
3.Surely there is a better way to manage the _______ that arise when humans and their domestic animals move into
areas that have long served as habitat for wildlife. A. concepts B. conflicts C. consequences D. credits 【答案】B
【解析】concepts 概念；conflicts 冲突；consequences 后果，结果；credits 信誉，信用，[金融]贷款，荣誉，
学分。句意：当然，当人类带着他们的家畜，搬到长久以来一直属于野生动物栖息地后所产
生的
冲突，应该有更好的方法去解决。
4.I realized strength and courage aren’t always _______ in medals and victories, but in the efforts we make.
A. measured B. praised C. tested D. increased 【答案】A
【解析】be measured in 用……来衡量。句意：我意识到力量与勇气并不总是以奖牌和胜利来衡量的，而是
用我们付出的努力来衡量的。故选 A。
5.This factory produced much dirty water, which resulted in a wide _______ of environmental problems.
A. branch B. range C. species D. wave 【答案】B
【解析】branch 部门；range 范围；species 物种；wave 波浪。a range of 一系列。句意：这家工厂产生了大
量的污水，导致了一系列的环境问题。
6.I appreciate _______ the opportunity to work in your company two years ago. A. giving B. to give C. being given D. to be given 【答案】C
【解析】句意：两年前得到在你的公司工作的机会，我对此非常感激。appreciate 表示“感激”，其后通常
接动名词作宾语，而且动词 give 与其逻辑主语为被动关系。
7.In recent years, in many Western countries, _______ in the USA and the UK, Halloween has become a special occasion.
A. in general B. in brief C. in short D. in particular 【答案】D
【解析】句意：近年来，在许多西方国家，尤其是在美国和英国，万圣节前夕已经成为一种特殊的场合。
in general 总的说来，通常；in brief 简言之；in short 总之，简而言之；in particular
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