Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese toEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 翻译真题： （2019.12.1）
牡丹花色艳丽，形象高雅，象征着和平与繁荣，因而在中国被称为“花中之王”。中国许多地方都培育和种植牡丹。千百年来，创造了许多诗歌和绘画赞美牡丹。唐代时期，牡丹在皇家园林普遍种植并被誉为国花，因而特别风行。十世纪时，洛阳古城成为牡丹栽培中心，而且这一地位一直保持到今天。现在成千上万的国内游客蜂拥到洛阳参加一年一度的牡丹节，欣赏洛阳牡丹的独特之美，同时探索九朝古都的历史。
Peony,which features bright colour and graceful shape,symbolizes peace and prosperity and is thus well recognized as “kings of flowers”.peonies are cultivated and grown in many places of China. For thousands of years,a great number of poems and paintings have been produced to praise the flower.In the Tang Dynasty,peonies were planted so widely in the royal gardens as “the national flower”that they enjoyed great popularity across the country. In the 10th century,the ancient city of Luoyang became the centre of peony planting,and has remained as such since then. Nowadays，hundreds of thousands of domestic tourists pour in Luoyang for the annual peony festival,when they can both appreciate the unique beauty of the flowers and explore the history of the city which is known as the capital of sis dynamics.
（2019.12.2）
荷花是中国的名花之一，深受人们喜爱。中国许多地方的湖泊和池塘都适宜荷花生长。荷花色彩鲜艳，夏日清晨绽放，夜晚闭合，花期长达两三个月，吸引来自各地的游客前往观赏。荷花具有多种功能，既能绿化水面，又能美化庭园，还可净化水质、减少污染、改善环境。荷花迎骄阳而不惧，出污泥而不染，象征纯洁、高雅，常来比喻人的高尚品德，历来是诗人画家创作的重要题材。荷花盛开的地方也是许多摄影爱好者经常光顾之地。
Lotus is one of the most famous flowers in China and is loved deeply by people. The lakes and ponds in many places of China are fit for lotus to grow. Lotus, which features bright color, blossoms in the summer morning and closes in the evening with a long flowering phase of two to three months, attracts tourists all over the country to appreciate it. Moreover, lotus has multiple functions. It can not only make water surface green and beautify courtyards but also purify water, reduce pollution and improve environment. Due to its characters of not fearing the blazing sun and keeping clean in the dirty soil, lotus symbolizes purity and elegance. It is often used to represent people’s noble virtues so that it has become significant themes for poets and painters throughout the Chinese history. Meanwhile, the places where lotus blooms always attracts many photographers to take photos.
（2019.12.3）
梅花(plum blossom)位居中国十大名花之首，源于中国南方，已有三千多年的栽培和种植历史。隆冬时节，五颜六色的梅花不畏严寒，迎着风雪傲然绽放。在中国传统文化中，梅花象征着坚强、纯洁、高雅，激励人们不畏艰难、砥砺前行。自古以来，许多诗人和画家从梅花中获取灵感，创作了无数不朽的作品。普通大众也都喜爱梅花，春节期间常用于家庭装饰。南京市已将梅花定为市花，每年举办梅花节，成千上万的人冒着严寒到梅花山踏雪赏梅。
Plum blossom, which originated in south China, tops the ten most famous flowers of China and has a planting history of more than 3000 years. In mid-winter, colorful plum flowers blossom boldly against the cold. In traditional Chinese culture, plum blossom, which symbolizes toughness, purity and grace, motivates a large body of individuals to move on regardless of the hardship. Many poets and painters gained inspiration from the flower and created countless immortal works ever since ancient times. Ordinary people also love plum blossom, and often use them to decorate their home during
the Spring Festival. Nanjing City has designated plum blossom as the city flower and holds the flower festival every year. Thousands of people will visit Meihua Mountain to admire the plum blossom in snow despite of the coldness.
（2019.6.3）
成语(Chinese idioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。它们高度简练且形式固定，但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品，通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。如果不知道某个成语的出处，就很难理解其确切含义。因此，学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具有表现力，交流更有效。Chinese idioms, mostly made up of four Chinese characters, is a unique expression in Chinese. Despite their high conciseness and regular form, they can usually vividly express profound meanings. Chinese idioms, mostly originating from literary works of ancient China, are usually related to some myths, legends or historical events. If one has no idea where Chinese idioms come from, it will be difficult for him to understand their precise meaning. Therefore, learning Chinese idioms helps people have a better understanding of Chinese traditional culture. Chinese idioms are widely used in the daily conversations and literary creation. Using them properly can enable one’s language more expressive, and thus make the communication more effective.
（2019.6.2）
中国幅员辽阔，人口众多，很多地方人们都说自己的方言。方言在发音上差别最大，词汇和语法差别较小。有些方言，特别是北方和南方的方言，差异很大，以至于说不同方言的人常常很难听懂彼此的讲话。方言被认为是当地文化的一个组成部分，但近年来能说方言
的人数不断减少。为了鼓励人们更多说本地方言，一些地方政府已经采取措施，如在学校开设方言课，在广播和电视上播放方言节目，以期保存本地的文化遗产。
China has a vast territory and a large population. In many places of China, people speak their own dialects. The dialects are very different in pronunciation, while there is little difference in vocabulary and grammar. Some dialects, especially those in the north and the south of China, are so different that it is often too difficult for people who speak different dialects to understand each other.The dialect is regarded as a part of the local culture, but the number of people who can speak dialects has been declining in recent years. In order to encourage people to speak more of their local dialects, some local governments have taken some measures, such as offering dialect classes in schools and broadcasting dialect programmes on radio and television, with a view to preserving the local cultural heritage.
（2019.6.1）
汉语现在是世界上用作本族语人数最多的语言。汉语与西方语言的一个重要区别在于它是以方块字(character)而不是以字母构成的。目前仍在使用的书写系统中，汉语是最古老的。在中国，来自不同地区的人可能听不懂对方的方言，但由于汉字有统一的书写形式，他们交流起来几乎没有任何困难。汉语历史上对团结中华民族发挥了重要作用。今天，随着中国经济的快速增长和全球影响力的增强，越来越多其他国家的人也开始学习汉语。 Chinese is now the language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. A significant difference between Chinese and Western languages is that Chinese consists of characters rather than letters. At present, Chinese is the most ancient in the writing system which is still in use. In China, people from different areas may not understand each other’s dialects, but they can barely have difficulty in communicating due to the unified writing forms of Chinese characters. In history, Chinese played an important role in uniting the Chinese nation. Nowadays, with the rapid increase of Chinese economy
and the enhancement of global influence, an increasing number of people in other countries have begun to learn Chinese.
（2018.12.3）
近年来,中国政府进一步加大休体育馆建设投资,以更好地满足人们快速增长地健身需求。除了新建体育馆外,许多城市还采取了改造旧工厂和商业建筑等措施,来增加当地体育馆的数量。在政府资金的支持下,越来多的体育馆向公众免费开放,，或者只收取少量费用。许多体育馆通过应用现代信息技术大大提高了服务质量。人们可以方便地在先预定场地和付费。可以预见，随着运动设施地不断改善，愈来愈多的人将会去体育馆健身。 The Chinese government has further increased investment in stadium construction to better meet the people’s rapidly growing demands for fitness in recent years. In addition to building the new stadiums, many cities have also taken measures to renovate old factories and commercial buildings for the purpose of increasing the number of local stadiums. Under the support of government funds, more and more gymnasiums are open to the public for free or for a low fee. Many gymnasiums have greatly improved the quality of service through the application of modern information technology so that people can conveniently book the venue and pay in advance. It is foreseeable that with the continuous improvement of sports facilities, more and more people will do exercise in gymnasiums.
（2018.12.2）
近年来，中国越来越多的博物馆免费向公众开放。博物馆展览次数和参观人数都明显增长。在一些广受欢迎的博物馆门前，排长队已经很常见。这些博物馆必须采取措施限制参观人数。如今，展览形式越来越多样。一些大型博物馆利用媒体和虚拟现实等先进技术，使展览更具吸引力。不少博物馆还举办在线展览，人们可在网上观赏珍稀展品。然而，现场看展品的体验对大多数参观者还是更具吸引力。
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