We?ve heard the news that we?ll move into the new house. Whatever you say will interest us all. 3) whether和if的用法
①whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：
It all depends on whether they will come back. 一切都取决于他们是否会来。 ②后面直接跟or not 时用whether。如：
I didn?t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan. 我不知道他是否已经到达武汉了。
③主语从句，表语从句中只能用whether。如：
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 会议是否会被推迟还没有被决定。
The question is whether they have so much money. 问题在于他们是否有很多钱。
④whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if不能。如： We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not. 我们应当认真讨论是否能做此事这个问题。
⑤whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。如：
The question of whether they are male or female is not important. 他们是男性还是女性不重要。
I have not decided whether to go or not. 我还没有决定是否要去。 4) 疑问代词 + ever和no matter + 疑问代词的区别。
①疑问代词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在从句中要充当一定的部分。如： Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. (在主语从句中作主语) 任何违反规定的人必须受罚。
You can choose whatever you like in the shop. (在宾语从句中作宾语) 你可以在商店中选择你喜欢的任何东西。
②疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：
Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished. 无论谁违反规定，都必须受罚。 Whatever you do, you must do it well. 不管你做什么，你必须把它做好。 ③no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：
No matter what you do, you must do it well. 不管你做什么，你必须把它做好。 No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. 无论谁违反规定，都必须受罚。
5) 名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致
①宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：
Hello, I didn?t know you were in London. How long have you been here? 喂，我不知道你在伦敦。你在这里多久了？
The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed. 老师告诉我们光以非常快的速度传播。
②主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词
引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：
When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet. 会议何时开始还没有决定。
When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet. 他们何时出发以及去何处还没有决定。
When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided. 会议何时何地开始还没有决定。 6)含有宾语从句复合句的反意疑问句 ①反意疑问句一般与主句一致。
He said they were going to help me, didn't he？ 他说过他们要帮我，不是吗？ She told you that the mat was her own work, didn't she? 她告诉过你这个垫子是她亲自做的，是吗？ ②当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, consider, imagine, suppose, hope 等词时，反意疑问句应与宾语从句保持一致。这时特别要注意否定转移的问题。
I suppose you're serious, aren't you? 我想你是当真的，不是吗？(不可用don't I) I don't suppose he's serious, is he? 我想他不是当真的，是吗？ (不可用do I) 提示：
如果主语是第二、第三人称，则疑问句部分与主句一致，且不存在否定转移的问题。
You don't think we can speak English, do you? 你认为我们不会说英语，对吗？ He thinks he's got the right answer, doesn't he? 他认为自己找到了正确的答案，是吗？
7) because, why引导的表语从句
That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。（That's because … 强调原因）
That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。（That's why…� 强调结果）
注意: what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，一般不宜用because。
The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me. 我难过的原因是他没有理解我。
What cost him his life was that he was too careless. 使他丧命的原因是他太粗心了。 2. 形式主语it
1) 代主语从句。如：
It is possible that he has stolen the car. 很可能他偷了小车。
Isn?t it strange that he should not have passed the test? 他测试没有通过，难道不奇怪吗？
注意：if引导主语从句时，只能用it作形式主语，放在句首，而将if引导的主语从句放到句末。如：
It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他是否去北京还不敢肯定。
2) 代不定式短语作主语。如：
It was his duty to attend to the matter. 处理这件事是他的责任。
It is impossible to finish the work on time. 准时完成工作是不可能的。 3) 代动名词。如：
It?s no good sitting up too late. 熬夜没有好处。
It?s no use saying anything more about it. 再说这件事没用。 It is useless crying over the spilt milk. 覆水难收。 4) 用作形式主语的的重要句型
① It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事?? It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。
It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。
【说明】介词 of 与 for 的区别是：of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等，介词for表示对象，意为“对??来说”
② It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了??时间
It takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。 【说明】此句型可以有以下多变种变体：
It took me an hour to write the letter. =The letter took me an hour (to write). =I took an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。 ③ It is up to sb. to do sth. 该由某人做某事
It?s up to you to to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。
④ it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that [as if]… 似乎…… It seemed as if he didn?t recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。
It happened that I was out when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧不在家。 ⑤ If it were not for… / If it hadn?t been for… 若不是因为…… If it were not for their help, we couldn?t have got over the difficulties. 要不是他们帮助，这些困难我们不克服不了的。 ⑥ It + be + 过去分词 + that ….
该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.
It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. 据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。
It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world. 大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。
It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami. 据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。 ⑦ 若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。
Does it matter much that they won?t come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很重要吗？ Is it true that he will go abroad next week? 他下周出国是真的吗？
Unit3
第一部分 重点词汇讲解 destroy (destroyed, destroyed) v. 破坏
注意该词与ruin, damage 等词的区别：
destroy: 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。 ruin: 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性;也可用于
引申意义, 如 ruin one?s future, ruin one?s career。该词做名词时，注意下列搭配：fall into ruin (崩溃)，be in ruins (在废墟中)
damage: 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果, 但仍可修复。可用作名词,常用词组do/cause damage to。 例如：
The building was completely destroyed by the fire. 大火完全毁掉了这幢大楼。 The repairman tried to repair the car which was damaged in an accident. 修理工试图修复在事故中被损坏的车子。
The earthquake did a lot of damage to the city. 地震对城市造成了巨大的损失。 （4）It rained for 3 days, which ruined my holiday. 雨下了三天，把我的假期毁掉了
2. remains
（1）n. 剩余物
She fed the remains of her dinner to the cat. 她用剩余的饭菜喂猫。 同时，该词还能表示“遗址”和“遗体”。例如：
The archeologist discovered the remains of an ancient culture. 考古学家发现了一处古文明遗址。
His remains were buried in Westminster. 他的遗体被安放在威斯敏斯特大教堂。 应注意该词为复数形式，类似的词还有：ruins (废墟，遗址)，goods (货物) ，riches, （财富），arms (武器)，fireworks (烟火), wages（工资），sweets（糖果），crossroads（十字路口）等。 （2）vi. 遗留、继续存在
Few villages remained after the flood.洪水过后，几乎没有村庄剩下。
After the fire, very little remained of the temple. 火灾过后，寺庙所剩无几。 remain 为系动词，后接名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等。 He remained the leader after the election. 选举过后，他仍是领导。 The place remains warm all winter. 这个地方整个冬天都很温暖。
He remained sitting in the classroom after the examination. 考试后，他仍然坐在教室里。
也可表示留待以后去看、去做、去说等。 Much remains to be done.还有很多事要做。
It remains to be seen whether the decision is right or not. 该决定正确与否有待将来见分晓。 condition
该词为不可数名词时，意思为“状况，状态”。如： be in good/ poor condition 处于好的/坏的状态 be out of condition 健康/状况不好 辨析：state 、condition、situation
state指“人或物存在或所处的某一种状态”，必须与a连用。试比较： 在冬天恶劣的天气下，路况很差。
The roads are in a terrible state after the severe winter weather. The roads are in terrible condition after the severe winter weather. situation: 境况；情势；情景
It is important for us to use a word or phrase according to the situation in language
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