4. No wonder the flower have withered, they ________ any water for ages. A. hadn't B. haven't C. haven't had D. hadn't had
5. Nowadays computer ________ a wide application with the development of production and science. A. found B. has found C. finds D. had found 新概念英语第二册语法精粹及练习（六） 新概念二册语法精粹第六章 英语句型基本结构
精要：五种基本句型
1．主+谓（不及物动词）
Man can think. The fire is burning.
不可忽视：常用不及物动词有 break, breathe, burn, smoke, swim, skate, appear, disappear, work, think etc.
2．主+谓+表语（系动词）
He became a scientist.
She is getting more and more beautiful.
不可忽视：常用系动词： be, get, turn, feel, seem, appear, look taste, sound, smell, become, go, prove etc.
3．主+谓+宾（及物动词）
We love peace.
They will paint the door.
常用动词有：see, watch, need, love, like, study, answer, carry, etc.
4．主+谓+宾+宾补
We elected him president.
They painted the door white.
I advised the students to recite the texts.
王牌重点：常用作宾补的形式：（请将每个例句大声朗读一遍）
（1）名词：
The couple named their baby Johnson.
（2）形容词：
I keep the door open.
（3）副词：
The naughty boy knocked the bottle over.
（4）不定式：
He ordered his men to fire.
（5）分词：
He heard me singing.
I saw the vase broken.
（6）介词短语：
They look on him as a teacher.
（7）名词性从句：
I asked him what he was doing.
5．（1）主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语
My friend bought me a gift.
I passed him the book.
（2）主+谓+直宾+介词+间宾
My friend bought a gift for me.
I passed the book to him.
忘记就意味着背叛→
常与介词 for 搭配的动词有：
buy, make, do get, play, call, choose, cook, fetch, find, keep order, s ave, etc.
常与介词 to 搭配的动词有：
bring, give, grant, hand, pass, lend, offer, pay, promise, sell, send, show, each, tell, throw, write, etc.
新概念英语第二册语法精粹及练习（七） 七．过去完成时：had + 过去分词
1．表示过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生、完成的动作。“过去的过去”。
● They had got everything ready before I came.
● The play had begunbefore I got to the theater with my boyfriend.
2．过去完成时常用于 hardly / scarcely ... when, no sooner ... than等固定句型结构中。（此乃超级重点句型，意为：“一……就”）
● She had hardly / scarcely gone to bed when the bell rang.
● No sooner had he arrived at the railway station than he met her parents.
（注意 no sooner 在句首时句型倒装。）
3．intend（打算），mean（意味），hope（希望），want（想要），plan（计划）等动词的过去完成时用来表示本打算做而没有做的事。
● I had intended to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.
（……原想昨天去看你……）
● They had planed to hold a football match last week, but they had to cancel it because the bad weather.
（……原计划上周举行一场足球赛……）
测试精编：
1. -Let's hurry! The president is coming. -Oh, I was afraid that we ________. A. already miss him B. had already missed him C. will miss him already D. have already missed him
2. Your letter came just as I ________ my office. A. was leaving B. would leave C. had left D. left
3. I ________ my keys, I can't remember where I last sawthem. A. was losing B. lost C. had lost D. have lost
4. Nobody knew where the teacher ________. A. has gone B. would have gone C. had gone D. would be gone
5. The sportsmen ________ training for 3 hours when the coach told them to break off for rest. A. have been B. are C. had been D. were
新概念英语第二册语法精粹及练习（八）
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