英语论文 从《格列佛游记》看乔纳森·斯威夫特的讽刺艺术

毕业论文题目：从《格列佛游记》看乔纳森·斯威夫特的讽刺艺术

毕业论文内容：乔纳森斯威夫特是伟大的讽刺作家，本文以《格列佛

游记》为例，分析了小说中的讽刺现象，结合例子及 与其他作家的对比，解读了斯威夫特的讽刺艺术。

毕业论文起止时间: 2012年7月16日 — 2013年6月10日 指导教师： 职称：副教授 评 阅 人： 职称：讲 师

从《格列佛游记》看乔纳森·斯威夫特的讽刺艺术

摘 要

《格列佛游记》是18世纪英国伟大讽刺作家斯威夫特的代表作。这部小说以其高超的思想与艺术成就成为世界讽刺文学的典范。作品中由格列佛充当叙说者，讲述了他四次出海所经历的奇特的历险故事，集中反映了十八世纪英国资本主义社会的种种矛盾，揭露、批判了英国腐败的政治制度、对外扩张和对内压迫的殖民主义政策。

本文主要讨论斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》的讽刺艺术。论文共分四章。第一章介绍了作家及作品。第二章介绍了这部作品的历史背景及有关的批评理论。第三章通过与其他作家做对比并结合例子分析了小说中的讽刺现象。第四章给出了结论。

关键词： 讽刺； 乔纳森·斯威夫特； 格列佛游记； 儒林外史； 鲁迅

Jonathan Swift’s Satiric Art in Gulliver’s Travels

Abstract

Gulliver’s Travels is a masterpiece of Jonathan Swift, one of the greatest satirical

writers in Britain in the 18th century. With its outstanding thought and artistic value, Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels is praised as the model for world satirical literature. In this work, Gulliver is the narrative author. With Gulliver’s descriptions of his adventurous experiences on his four voyages, this novel aims at reflecting various contradictions in the capitalist society in the 18th century Britain, exposing and repudiating the corrupted political systems of the British government, criticizing the colonial policies of expanding abroad and exploitation at home.

The thesis is intended to discuss the satiric art of Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels. The thesis contains four chapters: Chapter One introduces Jonathan Swift and his Gulliver’s Travels. Chapter Two provides the historical background of the novel and related criticism on the novel. Chapter Three presents analysis of the ironic art in the novel. Chapter four offers a brief conclusion.

Key Words: satire; Jonathan Swift; Gulliver’s Travels； The Scholars; Lu Xun

CONTENTS

Ⅰ. Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 Ⅱ. Background Information of Gulliver’s Travels ......................................................... 3

2.1 Satiric Reflection of the Historical Background of Gulliver’s Travels .......................................................... 3

2.1.1 The Struggle between Tory and Whig .............................................................................................. 3 2.1.2 The Rapid Development of Social Life ............................................................................................ 4 2.1.3 The Influences of the Enlightenment ................................................................................................ 4 2.1.4 The Contradiction Between Britain and Its Colony Growing Tense ................................................. 5 2.2 Criticism on Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels.......................................................................................................... 5

Ⅲ. Features of the Satire in Gulliver’s Travels ............................................................... 8

3.1 Types of the Satire ......................................................................................................................................... 8

3.1.1 Satire Connected with Human Pride................................................................................................. 8 3.1.2 Satire Connected with Social Wrongs .............................................................................................. 9 3.1.3 Satire of Fate .................................................................................................................................. 11 3.2 Techniques of the Satire .............................................................................................................................. 12

3.2.1 Analogy .......................................................................................................................................... 12 3.2.2 Comparison of the Techniques of Satire with The Scholars ........................................................... 13 3.3 Diction of the Satire Compared with Lu Xun .............................................................................................. 14

3.3.1 Humorous Diction .......................................................................................................................... 14 3.3.2 Concise and Simple Diction ........................................................................................................... 15 3.3.4 The adoption of serious dictions to describe petty characters and trivial stories ............................ 16

Ⅳ. Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 16 Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................... 18 Bibliography ................................................................................................................. 19