第1讲 每年必考的提纲作文
提纲作文是高考试题中最常见的书面表达命题方式之一,命题常以短文提示、要点提示和表格提示三种形式出现。它要求考生根据所给出的提示性文字,首先确定文章的中心思想,然后紧紧围绕中心思想展开论述,表达主旨。它的特点是:提纲既体现了文章的层次,又规定了各段大致的内容,为考生提供了写作思路。
写作时要注意以下几点:
1.按照提纲的思路写,既不能偏离,也不能随意增减;
2.有时所提供的要点顺序并非就是写作时的顺序,写作前先将要点标出,并按照一定的逻辑关系把这些要点排列并整理好,要考虑各要点之间该用什么样的连接词或连接句进行有效的衔接过渡;
3.提纲只是对文章的提示或概括,不是主题句。考生需要根据提纲的性质,写出体现提纲主旨的句子作为主题句,然后围绕主题句进行扩展。
[典题示例]
(2019·江西省重点中学联考)假定你是高三学生李华。去年你作为交换生去了美国新泽西州布莱尔中学(Blair Academy)游学。回国后给你的host family的小伙伴Bill写一封感谢信,要点如下:
1.写信的目的; 2.分享游学体会;
3.寄上答谢礼物并邀请他们一家来中国游玩。 注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Dear Bill,
__________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________
Yours, Li Hua
[审题谋篇] 文章体裁 中心人称 主要时态 应用文 第一人称和第三人称 一般现在时和一般过去时 1.我写信对你的家人在我游学期间为我所做的一切表示感谢。 2.你们的善意和体谅使我非常愉快。 信息要点 3.优美的风景和好心的当地人都给我留下了深刻的印象,我不仅学到了你们丰富的文化而且练习了我的口语。 4.希望你们能够喜欢我送给你们的礼物,并期待着你们全家来中国做客。 [词句构建] 1.词汇
汉语 感谢 愉快的 使印象深刻 期待 2.句式 ①你们的善意和体谅使我非常愉快。
一般表达:Your kindness and consideration made my stay in your country so happy.
高级表达:It_was_your_kindness_and_consideration_that made my stay in your country so enjoyable/delighted.(用强调句型进行改写,并用高级词汇替代happy)
②我不仅学到了你们丰富的文化而且练习了我的口语。
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一般词汇 thanks happy impress deeply expect 高级词汇 gratitude enjoyable/delighted leave a deep impression on look forward to 一般表达:I not only learned a lot about your rich culture, but also I practiced my spoken English.
高级表达:Not_only_did_I_learn a lot about your rich culture, but also I practiced my spoken English.(用not only开头的部分倒装进行改写)
③我希望你们能够喜欢这些礼物,这是专门为你们准备的。
一般表达:I hope you will like the gifts. They are specially prepared for you. 高级表达:I hope you will like the gifts specially prepared_for_you.(用过去分词短语作定语进行改写)
3.连句成篇
__________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear_Bill,
I am writing to express my sincere gratitude to your whole family for what you did for me when I was studying in Blair Academy as an exchange student last year. It was your kindness and consideration that made my stay in your country so enjoyable.
The beautiful scenery and kind local people impressed me deeply. Not only did I learn a lot about your rich culture, but also I practiced my spoken English. I'll never forget the meaningful and unforgettable experience!
By the way, have you received the silk scarf and tea? I hope you will like the gifts specially prepared for you. I am looking forward to your family's visit to China!
Yours, Li_Hua
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(2019·唐山模拟)假定你是李华,计划在暑假期间骑行游览丝绸之路西安至兰州路段(约660公里)。请给你的加拿大朋友Henry写封邮件,邀请他参加。内容包括:
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1.出发时间; 2.骑行路线; 3.注意事项。
注意:1.词数100 左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Dear Henry,
How is everything going? ____________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________
Yours, Li Hua
【参考范文】 Dear_Henry,_ How_is_everything_going? I'm writing to tell you there will be a bike trip along the Silk Road during the summer vacation. Knowing you are interested in it, I want to invite you to join me.
We are to meet in Xi'an, the starting point of the Silk Road, on July 20. Then we'll ride through Shaanxi Province, and finally stop in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, covering a length of approximately 660 kilometers. The journey is only part of the Silk Road, during which we can admire the splendid scenery. We need to prepare some necessities such as food, water, tents and jackets for our trip. I am expecting to enjoy the exciting trip with you.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,_ Li_Hua B
(2019·成都诊断)假如你是李华,本学期你校运动俱乐部(Sports Club)正在招收武术队员(martial members)。请你给来自美国的留学生朋友Reef写封邮件邀请他加入,内容包括:
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1.具体的培训安排(时间与地点等); 2.报名方式及截止日期; 3.邮件发至artsteam@ 163.com。 注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear Reef,
How is everything going?The Sports Club of our school is recruiting martial members.I'm sure it will appeal to you,for you have been enthusiastic about martial arts.Therefore,I'd love to invite you to join the club.Here is the information in detail.
The Sports Club is going to organize learning programs and activities from 2:30 to 4:30 every Tuesday afternoon in the school gym.If you are fond of it,you can send an e-mail to artsteam @ 163.com.The deadline is April 28th.I sincerely hope you could join us.Don't hesitate to ask me if you have any questions.
I will appreciate it if you could offer me an early reply.
Yours, Li Hua
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