核电厂系统及其设备复习题
一、根据系统图，简要解释核能发电原理。
二、名词解释 1）质能关系 2）裂变 3）临界状态 4）反应性 5）半衰期 6）一回路 7）PWR
8）蒸汽发生器 9）稳压器 三、选择题
1. The nuclear power station provides ___ for the utility grid. ? expensive electricity ? base load
? peak load ? full load
2. __specify the steps required to go from one operating state to another. ? The codes ? The NRC
? The operators ? The procedures
3. When large decrease in turbine load the steam from the steam generators is sent to the__. ? steam condenser ? atmosphere
? steam dump system ? heat exchanger
4. An excess of coolant inventory can result in a___. ? power increase
? temperature increase ? reactor trip ? turbine trip
5. Following the coastdown of the coolant pumps, the core residual heat will be removed by___. ? condensers
? natural circulation ? boiling heat transfer ? emergency power
6. The operation of a nuclear plant is ___than operating a modern fossil fuel power station. ? easier
? more difficult ? rather
? more complex
7. The heat is transferred by the reactor coolant from the core to the___. ? cecondary loop ? outlet nozzles ? steam generators ? pressurizer
8. The fuel rod provides___to the escape of fission products. ? two barriers ? three barriers ? seals ? a barrier
9.The CEA guide tubes are made of__. ? stainless steel ? ceramic ? zircaloy ? B4C
10. The helium inside the fuel cladding improves the ____. ? characteristic
? gap heat conductivity ? gap heat convection ? clad strain
11. The CEA guide tubes are arranged___. ? in the fuel assembly
? around the fuel assembly ? in the center of fuel assembly ? outside the fuel assembly
12. The coolant can ___through the guide tubes. ? not flow ? be ? flow ? pass
13. There ___ steam generator(s) in each primary loop. ? is one ? are two
? are there ? is no
14. At the top of the tube bundle shroud, ___ are mounted. ? eggcrates
? steam-water separators ? plates ? baffles
15. There ___ in the system 80+ steam generator. ? is one feedwater inlet ? are two feedwater inlets ? are three feedwater inlets ? are many feedwater inlets
16. The flywheel on the motor is to provide___. ? energy ? water
? coastdown flow ? torque
17. The temperature of the water in the seal assembly is maintained within acceptable limits by___. ? water ? oil ? steam
? water and oil
18. In accordance with the coolant temperature program,the average reactor coolant temperature is ____ when steam demand is increased. ? constant ? fall ? raised ? high
19. In pressurized water reactors water is used as___. ? moderator ? coolant
? both a and b ? neither a nor b
20. The thermal efficiency of PWRs is___. ? more than 40% ? about 30% ? less than 10% ? about 70%
21. The space between the reactor vessel and the core barrel is the ___. ? fuel rods ? control rods ? downcomer ? plenum
22. The ECCS is provided to___. ? cool the core ? control reactivity ? control volume ? drive pump
23. There are___ successive barriers in PWR to prevent radioactivity escape. ? two ? three ? four ? five
24. The containment enclose the_____. ? reactor
? reactor and pressurizer
? primary system and secondary system ? entire primary system
25. From the text the safest nuclear power plant may be a __. ? expensive one ? cheap one ? big one ? small one
26. Following a decrease in turbine load, the water pressure and temperature in the reactor__. ? will increase ? increase ? decrease
? will be unchanged
27. A temperature decrease of reactor vessel water results in an___. ? insertion of control rods ? power decease ? power increase
? increase of reactivity 28. Loss of power is a ___. ? upset condition ? abnormal increase ? reactor trip
? reactor shutdown accident
29. Inadvertent auxiliary spray will result in____. ? temperature decrease ? power decrease ? pressure decrease ? abnormal condition
30. The long-term control of core reactivity means adjustment of____. ? control rods ? boric acid ? power output ? coolant
31. The burnable absorber rod assembly provides the capability of high absorber strength__. ? in all its life
? at the beginning of refueling ? at the end of refueling cycle ? during operation
32. The fuel assemblies used in a reactor are__. ? similar ? different
? three types ? same
33. In the fuel rod the spring is set on the___. ? pellet column ? spacer disc ? end cap ? top
34. The CEA guide tubes are welded to the___. ? spacer grids
? lower end fittings ? control rods ? end cap
35. The fuel spacer grids are made of__. ? stiff arches ? springs ? plates
? zircaloy strips
36. After long time radiation the boron carbide will___. ? decrease in mass ? be swelling
? increase in mass ? be dissipated
37. The economizer increases the cold leg side ___ before coolant leaving the steam generator. ? flow rate ? temperature
? temperature difference ? relative flow
38. The water from the steam separators flows down into the ___. ? economizer ? shroud ? bundle
? evaporator section
39. In the downcomer the water is___. ? saturated ? boiling ? very cold ? subcooled
40. The pump is connected with the motor by a___. ? diaphragm ? tube ? coupling ? casing
41. ___ pressurizer heaters are connected to proportional controllers. ? A few
? The remaining ? Most of the ? Many
42. The fluid from economizer section is ___.
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