在初中英语中,主要有三大从句,即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
小简老师今天跟大家分享的就是这三个从句的主要语法点,赶快看起来吧!
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1 宾语从句
一、定义
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词
that: I think that you can pass the exam. Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means. “Wh”: I don’t know what the word means. I don’t know where he found the book.
只用whether的情况: 1. 与or not连用:
I don’t know whether it’s raining or not. 2. 与动词不定式连用:
He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation. 3. 连接词前有介词时:
It depends on whether he is coming.
三、时态
1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam.
2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。 1)She said that she was a student.
2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3)She said that she had finished her homework already.
3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
2 定语从句
一、定义
在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
二、先行词
先行词指人 who /that 先行词指物 which/ that
定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后
三、关系代词
关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词
四、翻译方法 “…. 的”
Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom 1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best. 2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.
Whose : 指人或物,作定语,表示 “…的”
eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.
关系代词只能 that 的特殊情况:
1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:
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