2018届二轮复习 短文语法填空典题10篇训练之三 【一】
The Chinese Garden of Friendship was built as a beautiful symbol of friendship __1__ Sydney in the State of New South Wales and Guangzhou in the province of Guangdong, China (sister cities of sister states), to mark Australia’s bicentenary in 1988.
The garden __2__ (design) and built by Chinese landscape architects and gardeners __3__ (follow) the Taoist principles of “Yin-Yang” and the five opposite elements — earth, fire, water, metal and wood. These principles also stress the __4__ (important) of Qi, the central force of life and energy.
Yin-Yang __5__ (play) such a vital role that just one missing element would disrupt (扰乱) the garden’s harmony and balance. However when __6__ (combine) perfectly, the five elements form a fluid and nurturing environment. Everything you encounter in the garden has been hand-picked and very carefully placed to capture the five elements and the energy of Qi.
Unlike western-style gardens, there are no planted flowerbeds __7__ neatly-cut lawns. Instead, wild __8__ (aspect) of nature are recreated in landscapes __9__ feature waterfalls, mountains, lakes and forests.
The art of Chinese Garden design began in imperial parks during the Shang dynasty 3,000 years ago. Darling Harbour’s Chinese Garden of Friendship is a small-scale version of a __10__ (type) private garden from this time.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了象征友谊的中国园林的设计原理和风格，以及园林里的一些特色风景。
1．between between ... and ...意为“在??和??之间”，此处指作为两座城市之间友谊的象征，符合语境。故填between。
2．was designed 根据语境可知，这座花园是由中国的景观设计师和园艺家设计修建的。主语“The garden”与design之间构成被动关系，且此处是陈述过去发生的事情，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was designed。
3．following 此处指景观设计师和园林师遵循道家的阴阳法则。根据语境可知，“architects and gardeners”与动词follow之间构成主动关系，故应用follow的现在分词形式作状语。故填following。
4．importance 句意：阴阳和五行强调“气”的重要性，它是生命和能量的主要力量。根据词法知识可知，此处应用important的名词形式作动词“stress”的宾语，且用定冠词“the”修饰。故填importance。
5．plays 句意：阴阳起着如此关键的作用，以至于一个要素的缺失都会扰乱花园的和
谐与平衡。根据语境可知，该句陈述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时；主语“Yin-Yang”是抽象名词，因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。
6．combined 句意：当五个要素完美结合时，就形成了一个流动的培养环境。此处when引导的是时间状语从句，主句主语“the five elements”与动词combine之间构成被动关系，故用被动语态，其中主语和be动词可省略。故填combined。
7．or 句意：与西式风格的花园不同，这个花园里没有种植花圃和修剪整齐的草坪。在否定句中表示“和??”用连词or。故填or。
8．aspects 根据下文中的“are recreated”可知，主语是复数。故填aspects。
9．that/which 根据语境可知，这些风景以瀑布、大山、湖泊和森林为特色。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“landscapes”，在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导。故填that/which。
10．typical 根据空格前的“a”和空格后的“private garden”可知，此处应用形容词作定语，typical意为“典型的”。故填typical。
【二】
My interest in Chinese food started years ago, when I was a young reporter for the WashingtonPost. Our office wasn’t far __1__ Chinatown, where I found some very good Chinese restaurants.
The first time I ever ate Chinese food, I loved it. I __2__ (notice) the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables. When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why __3__ has this special feature.
Many years ago, China had __4__ energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to overpopulation and poor __5__ (manage) of its forests. This loss was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their __6__ (value) wood, or learn how to use it better. There weren’t any substitutes so people found ways to economize.
In order to economize in __7__ (cook), they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables into small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way, the food cooked __8__ (fast) and they saved more fuel. The food __9__ (prepare) in this way kept its fresh flavor — and it’s this flavor __10__ attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者对中国食物的热爱和中国烹饪的由来。 1．from 句意：我们的办公室离唐人街不远?? be far from意为“离??远”，符合句意。故填from。
2．noticed 根据上下文的时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填noticed。
3．it 句意：当我对这种食物了解得更多时，我开始明白为什么这种食物会如此特别。
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