中小学1对1课外辅导专家
毅帆教育学科培训师辅导讲义
讲义编号 学员编号 学员姓名 学科组长签字 课 题 备课时间： 教学目标 重点、难点 考点及考试要求 年 级 课时数 学科培训师 2 夏老师 辅 导 科 目 英语 教务长签字 一般将来时的被动语态,现在完成时被动语态,现在进行时的被动语态 授课时间： 1.一般将来时的被动语态,现在完成时被动语态,现在进行时的被动语态的结构 2．使用一般将来时的被动语态,现在完成时的被动语态，现在进行时的被动语态需要注意的问题 一般将来时的被动语态,现在完成时被动语态，现在进行时的被动语态的主要用法 一般将来时的被动语态,现在完成时被动语态，现在进行时的被动语态的主要用法 教学内容 一般将来时的被动语态 1. Will/shall+be+p.p(vt); be going to +be+p.p. ; be+to+be+p.p 。will可以接各种时态，shall只能和第一人称连用。此结构表示主语为动作的承受者，且动作发生在将来的某时刻。 ①.描述事物将受到某种影响或某种处理。 ②.描述人物将被动地接受某种行为或某种处理。 主动句： The people in Beijing will plant more trees and build more new roads. 被动句： More trees will be planted and more new roads will be roads (by the people in Beijing) 主动句: Tom will take the dog back. 被动句：The dog will be taken back by Tom. Some visits are going to be shown around our school this afternoon. Will +not +be+p.p eg: The air conditioner will not be cleaned next week. eg: The book won’t be bought by my Mum. Will +subject +be +p.p ? (一般疑问句) 毅帆教育个性化学习中心·教务管理部
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中小学1对1课外辅导专家
Wh- +will +subject +be + p.p ? (特殊疑问句) eg：Will the sports meeting be held next week? When will the sports meeting be held? eg :They will build many new sport places for the London Olympic games .(对划线部分提问) What will be built for the London Olympic games ? 2.短语动词变被动语态时，不能漏掉介词或副词。 eg :We will look after the little boy. The little boy will be looked after (by us). eg :The case will be looked into soon. 3.含有双宾语的主动变被动，习惯把间接宾语转变为被动的主语，若将直接宾语改为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或者for。 eg: The boy will give his Mum a birthday present. His Mum will be given a birthday present by the boy. A birthday present will be given to his Mum by the boy. 4.主句谓语动词含有复合宾语时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保持不变，这时宾语补足语变成主语补足语，主动句中的宾补若是不带to的不定式，在变成被动句时，需加上to。 eg:We will ask him to paint the room. . He will be asked to paint the room by us. We will make him carry water. He will be made to carry water. 5.在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，被动将来时也一样。 eg :If I am given enough time, I will go to Beijing for my holiday. 6.Have /has been done 可表示将来某一时刻为止某一动作已完成,这时属于一般将来时的被动语态。 eg: I will go home when the work has been finished. 巩固练习： 1. If city noises ______ from increasing，people ______ shout to be heard even at dinner. A .are not kept；will have to B. are not kept；have C.do not keep；will have to D.do not keep；have to 2. The sports meeting ______ . A.is put off B.is to put off C.is to be put off D.puts off 3. I need one more stamp before my collection ______. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D.is completed 4. The work ______ soon. 毅帆教育个性化学习中心·教务管理部
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中小学1对1课外辅导专家
A. will be finished B. has been finished C. will finish D. finishes 5. I ______ if I finish the work withellon one day. A. shall be praised B. would praise C. will praise D. praise 现在完成时被动语态 现在完成时被动语态的结构就是 现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合，即“ have + been + 动词过去分词”。试比较以下几组句子的谓语结构： 1. 主动句：He has repaired the machine for two hours. 被动句：The machine has been repaired for two hours. 2. 主动句：The teacher has borrowed the books. 被动句：The books have been borrowed by the teacher. 1.肯定句：由“have ／has ＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。 Two windows have been broken. 2.否定句：由“have ／has ＋not＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。 The car has not been repaired． 3．疑问句：由“Have ／Has ＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词? ①─Has her work been finished？ ─Yes，it has． ②─Have the cars been repaired？ ─No，they haven't． 4．特殊疑问式：由“疑问词＋have／has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如： How long has her work been finished? Who has been helped by the new computer？ How many new words have been learned by the students？ 二、现在完成时被动语态的主要用法 1．表示被动的动作发生在说话之前（即现在的过去），强调对现在造成的影响和结果。 The door has been locked．门被锁上了。（结果是现在没有人能进去） 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能将持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long．．．？句型中。 They have been told about it for many times．有人告诉他们这事很多次了。（可能还会有人告诉他们） How long has the machine been used？这机器使用有多久了？ 三、使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题 1．现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即 have ／has和been，两者缺一不可。 毅帆教育个性化学习中心·教务管理部
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中小学1对1课外辅导专家
2．一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。 The house was built last year．这房子是去年建造的。 The house has been built．这房子已经建好了。 3．由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow， join，marry，open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语如for four days，how long等连用，而要改换动词或时态。 译：这本书买了多久了？ How long has this book been bought？ How long ago was this book bought？ 但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有延续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。 eg：No books have been bought since last week．自上周以来，没有人来买过书。 4．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。 eg：The orphan has been well looked after．这位孤儿一直受到很好的照顾。 巩固练习： 1. I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard. (北京2005春) A. Has it all been finished B. Was it all finished C. Has it all finished D. Did it all finish 2. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.(重庆 2005) A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 3. More patients in hospital this year than last year. (江苏 2004) A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated 4. —The window is dirty. —I know. It --------for weeks.(2004全国卷Ⅲ) A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned 现在进行时的被动语态 1. She is being examined by the doctor. 2. I am being treated at the hospital now, so I cannot go to the cinema at present. 3. A new library is being built in our school. 4. The life of elks is being studied at present by scientists. 5. Tom is always being punished by his teacher. 6. The old are being taken good care of in China. 毅帆教育个性化学习中心·教务管理部 4
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