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合理把握“字理识字”,切实提高识字效益
作者:莫华
来源:《中国教育与教学研究》2013年第07期
【摘要】识字教学必须遵循汉字规律,而字理就是汉字规律的核心部分。但运用字理识字,必须明确:分析字理是提高识字效率的手段而不是识字的目的;必须顾及学生的身心特点和接受能力,否则难以奏效。以字理识字法包打天下,逢字必析字理,是不可取的。笔者在识字教学中“依字而定,依生而定,依文而定”进行字理识字教学,把握好字理识字的度,切实提高识字效益。
【关键词】识字;把握;字理;提高;效益
Reasonable grasp of the \, and effectively improve the literacy benefits Mo Hua
【Abstract】Literacy teaching must follow Chinese law, the word management is a core part of the Chinese characters law. But reasonable use of the word literacy must be clear: the analysis of the word reasonable is the purpose of improving literacy efficient means rather than literacy; must take into account students' physical and mental characteristics and acceptance, otherwise it is difficult to work. Literacy in word reasonable method to conquer the world, every word must analyze the word management is not desirable. Author in the teaching of literacy, \word may be, depending on the born, according to the text\, to grasp the degree of good character management literacy, and effectively improve the literacy benefits.
【Key words】Literacy; Grasp; Word management; Improve; Effectiveness
小学识字教学的具体要求是读准字音、辨清字形、了解字义,并建立形音义之间的联系。其中,字形的掌握是教学的重点和难点。
评价一种识字方法优劣,“首要的标准就是看它能不能尽量减少死记硬背的内容,提供更多易于联想的线索,更快更牢地识记汉字(佟乐泉语)。”因此,识字教学必须遵循汉字规律,而字理就是汉字规律的核心部分。
字理是指汉字因义构形的理据,学术界一般称为构意,即根据词义设计的汉字构形意图。构字的笔画、部件或偏旁,不是任意的,而有其道理和依据,从而以形示义,部分以形示音,音、形、义尤其是形、义之间构成内在、有机的联系。这是汉字最主要的特征。
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