四川省绵阳市高考英语一轮完形填空和阅读理解练习(5)

四川省绵阳市2016高考英语一轮完形填空和阅读理解练习（5）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

A different sort of generation gap is developing in the workplace. Someone --- specifically the father-daughter team of Larry and Meagan Johnson --- has figured out that on some American job sites, five generations are working side by side. In their new book about generations in the workplace the pair argue that while such an age difference adds a lot of texture and a variety of life experiences, it can also bring tensions and conflicts.

The Johnsons are human-resource trainers and public speakers. Dad Larry is a former health-care executive; daughter Meagan is a onetime high-level sales manager. Here are the oldest and youngest of the five generations they identify: They call the oldest group Traditionals, born before 1945. They were heavily influenced by the lessons of the Great Depression and World War Two. They respect authority, set a high standard of workmanship, and communicate easily and confidently. But they’re also stubbornly independent. They want their opinions heard. At the other extreme are what the Johnsons call Linksters, born after 1995 into today’s more complicated, multi-media world. They live and breathe technology and are often social activists.

You won’t find many 15-year olds in the offices of large companies, except as volunteers, of course, but quite old and quite young workers do come together in sales environments like bike shops and ice-cream stores.

The Johnsons, Larry and Meagan, represent a generation gap themselves in their work with jobsite issues. The Johnsons’ point is that as the average lifespan continues to rise and retirement dates get delayed because of the tight economy, people of different generations are working side by side, more often bringing with them very different ideas about company loyalty and work values.

The five generations are heavily influenced by quite different events, social trends, and the cultural phenomena of their times. Their experiences shape their behavior and make it difficult, sometimes, for managers to achieve a strong and efficient

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workplace.

Larry and Meagan Johnson discuss all this in greater detail in a new book, “Generations, Inc.: From Boomers to Linksters --- Managing the Friction Between Generations at Work,” published by Amacom Press, which is available in all good bookstore from this Friday.

1. The type of generation gap in paragraph 1 refers to the difference in beliefs ________.

A. between managers and workers B. among family members

C. among employees D. between older and newer companies 2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Traditionals? A. They’ve learned much from war and economic disaster. B. They’re difficult to work with as they are stubborn. C. They respect their boss and hope to be respected. D. They’re independent workers with great confidence.

3. According to the passage, the Linksters are usually ________. A. found working in the offices of large companies B. influenced by media and technology C. enthusiastic multi-media activists D. ice-cream sellers

4. According to the passage, modern workforces are more diverse because ________. A. people want to increase their average lifespan B. many young people are entering the workforce

C. employees with different values can benefit their companies D. retirement dates are being delayed for economic reasons 5. What’s the main purpose of the passage?

A. To promote a new book by Larry and Meagan Johnson. B. To describe the five different workplace generations.

C. To introduce the Johnsons’ research about diverse workforces. D. To identify a major problem in modern workforces.

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【参考答案】1—5、C B B D A

社会生活型阅读理解

People turn to magic(魔力)chiefly as a form of insurance—that is, they use it along with actions that actually bring results. For example, hunters may use a hunting charm(咒语). But they also use their hunting skills and knowledge of animals. The charm may give hunters the extra confidence they need to hunt even more successfully than they would without it. If they shoot a lot of game(猎物), they credit the charm for their success. Many events happen naturally without magic. Crops grow without it, and sick people get well without it. But if people use magic to bring a good harvest or to cure a patient, they may believe the magic was responsible.

People also tend to forget magic's failures and to be impressed by its surface successes. They may consider magic successful if it appears to work only 10 percent of the time. Even when magic fails, people often explain the failure without doubting the power of the magic. They may say that the magician made a mistake in reciting the spell or that another magician cast a more powerful spell against the magician.

Many anthropologists(人类学家) believe that people have faith in magic because they feel a need to believe in it. People may turn to magic to reduce their fear and uncertainty if they feel they have no control over the outcome of a situation. For example, farmers use knowledge and skill when they plant their fields. But they know that weather, insects, or diseases might ruin the crops. So farmers in some societies may also plant a charm or perform a magic rite to ensure a good harvest.

1. From the passage, we can learn that the writer of the passage may be ________． A. a hunter B. a farmer C. a magician D. an anthropologist

2. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? A. Magic and Hunting B. Magic and Farming

C. Why Magic Works?

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D. Why People Believe in Magic?

3. The underlined word “spell”(Paragraph 2) most probably means “________”. A. magic words B. magic events C. words or expressions D. magicians 4. People believe in magic because________． A. magic powers are greater than natural powers B. magic can turn dreams into reality C. they are not sure of themselves D. magic can bring good results

5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. Even though magic fails, believers in magic will explain the reason. B. Believers in magic usually overstate the power of magic.

C. People use magic to reduce their uncertainty and give them extra confidence. D. Magic can solve problems people can't deal with in a natural way.

【要点综述】 为什么有些人相信魔法咒语呢？魔法咒语真的灵验吗？这些人相信魔法咒语是因为他们缺乏自信。作者以人类学家的科学眼光分析了这种社会现象。 1．D

2．D 主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了人们为什么相信咒语。

3．A 词义猜测题。同形异义词需要根据上下文语境来确定其具体意义，不可受原先所熟悉词义的约束。文中第二段的“spell”与“拼写”无关，而是指“咒语”可知。

4．C 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，人们相信魔法咒语是因为人们需要相信它。当人们无法控制情况的后果时，就可能转向寻求魔法咒语来减轻自己的恐惧或不安，也就是人们缺乏自信。

5．D 正误判断题。D项意思为：咒语可以解决人们用自然的方式不能解决的问题。由文章内容可知，咒语只是人们解决问题时的一种寄托和心理安慰，并不能真正地帮助人们解决问题，故D项表述错误。其他三项均可从文中找到相应的依据。

【2015高考】阅读理解

“Tiger Mother”parenting raises media storm.A new book written by a self-described

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