能够帮助我们更好地理解完形填空的命题逻辑，在有足够语料积累的基础上，能够帮助我们争取高分。
亲爱的同学，老师已经为你精心整理了完形填空的解题技巧，快看看你掌握了多少？
一、完形填空解题步骤 第一步 通读全文，把握脉络 跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇关键词，和句中的连词，如but出现后就说明句子强调的重点是but后面的内容；再如代词it指代的定是前文的单数或者不可数名词。找到关键词可以帮助我们掌握文章的大概意思及其想要传达的寓意。 第二步 第三步 二、完形填空解题策略 方法 解释 “词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化(如protect和protection)、同义词/近义词(如road和trail)、反义词(如wrong和 correct)、上下义词(上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如adult是my father的上义词；coat是clothes的下义词)等重复出现在语篇之中。 例题 例1：He is very ind and friendly to others. Because of his ___________, he is quite popular with the people around him. A. ability B. honesty C. relationship D. indness 【分析：通过上文“He is very ind and friendly to others”，由“ind”可知因为他的“善良友好”他很受欢迎。故选D。】 例2：The old man tends to forget things from time to time. In other words, he is more and more _________. A. forgetful B. unforgettable C. easy-going D. hard-woring 【分析：通过上文“The old man tends to forget things from time to time”，由“forget”可知他越越“健忘”。故选A。（forgetful“健忘的”，unforgettable“难忘的”。）】 方法 方法二：上下文推理法 方法一：词汇复现法 再读文章，核查答案 瞻前顾后，上下求索 联系上下文，运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，抓住文章中的上下文线索词。【具体的解题策略会在下一部分详细描述】 代入答案，再读全文，反复检查，争取做到： 结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。 解释 例题 “上下文推理法”是指根据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适当的推理判断，因此需重点注意挖空处的上下文语境，判断清楚所要表达的含义。 例：When we taled, I discovered（发现）some differences in school life between the US and China. For eample, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little __17__ than that in China. We usually have forty minutes in each class. 17. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later 【分析：通过上文“each class lasts fifty minutes in the US”和下文“We usually have forty minutes in each class.”可知美国每节课是50分钟，中国每节课是40分钟，根据上下文可以推断出美国的课时比中国的长，故选B。】 方法 解释 “逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理判断，因此需特别注意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词（如and表并列，but和however表转折，so表因果，first of all、then和finally表顺序等）。 例题 例1：My youngest cousin lies Chinese Beijing Opera very much, but he can’t sing 6 . 6. A. badly B. easily C. well D. ecitedly 方法三：逻辑推理法 【分析：通过上文“My youngest cousin lies Chinese Beijing Opera”和连词“but”，可以推断出前后存在转折关系，此处想要表达的含义是“喜欢但唱得不好”，故选C。】 方法 解释 “文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差异性，不能总是用中国人看问题的角度看待其它国家发生的事情。 例题 例：There are many inds of animals in the world. Elephants are the 1 animals that live on land. Only some inds of whales (鲸鱼) are bigger than elephants, but they live in the 2 . 1. A. biggest B. smallest C. smaller D. bigger 2. A. river B. lae C. sea D. forest 【分析：第1题，众所周知：大象是陆地上最大的动物，故选A. biggest。 方法四：文化背景常识法 第2题，众所周知：鲸鱼生活在大海里，故选C. sea。】 方法 解释 例题 完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配和固定句型，解题过程中我们需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。 例1：When two people are in a conversation, the speaer will only loo at the listener from time to time, in order to mae sure that the listener does pay attention 13 what he or she is speaing … 13. A. for B. of C. with D. to 【分析：考查固定短语“pay attention to注意”，故选D。】 例2：…but we were relaed when we were lying on the beach. We 10 some photos there. 10. A. got B. brought C. bought D. too 【分析：考查固定短语“tae photos拍照”，故选D。】
方法五：固定搭配法 语篇精讲
障碍阅读
【遵循完形填空“先完意，后完形”的原则，指导学生在障碍阅读的前提下领悟文章的主要意思，防止学生理解跑偏】
(北京中考)Mum’s Christmas Surprise
Molly ran bac home from school and dropped her schoolbag on the sofa. Then on the table she saw “Mum’s Wish Boo” – a mail order catalog（商品目录） from a gift shop. “Mum,” she said ecitedly to herself, “this year you’ll get the gloves you want!” Molly had waled a dog for a neighbor and saved her 31 all year to buy Mum the gloves.
She opened “Mum’s Wish Boo” and hoped that she could find these 32 in it. Tears ran down her face when she saw the gloves in the catalog. Mum wouldn’t buy them for herself, because the family had a 33 time on the farm. She once heard Mum say to Dad, “Maybe some day, I’ll have the money to get them.”
Molly ran out by the bac door and went straight to the post office. There she carefully filled out the order form torn from the catalog.
“I need to buy a stamp to 34 the form.” She said to Mr. Smith, the only worer in the post office. “Umm, a pair of gloves?” said Mr. Smith, as he passed a stamp to her.
“Yes, It’s a Christmas gift for Mum, but please don’t tell her. It’s our 35 , O?” Molly didn’t realie how white Mr. Smith’s beard was until that moment. In face, he reminded her of Santa Claus.
As Molly waled bac home, she decided to tell Dad her secret. “You’ve got to chec the mailbo every day,” said Molly 36 to Dad. He nodded, with a big smile.
Coming home from school every day, Molly peeed at （偷看） Dad when Mum wasn’t 37 , but every time he shoo his head.
On Christmas Eve, Dad came bac from mailbo, still empty handed. Molly felt 38 when she went to bed, because she didn’t have the gloves for Mum.
Before Christmas dinner, as Mum too the apple pies out of the oven, Molly began 39 the table. Suddenly, they heard someone pulling up the driveway. From the window they saw Mr. Smith maing his way to the door, with a bo in his hand. Mr. Smith 40 Mum the bo, “I believe this is yours.”
Mum looed from Dad to Molly and opened the bo. Her eyes lit up when she saw the gloves. “Oh, who bought these for me?” she ased.
“Santa did,” said Molly smilingly.
“Ho! Ho! Ho! Merry Christmas!” Mr. Smith, with a loud laugh. It was Christmas that no one would ever forget. 文
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