小学英语语法总结与练习
感叹句
感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导。现分述如下：
一、由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种： 1. 可用句型：“ What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！
What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊！
2. 可用句型：“ What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊！
3. 可用句型：“ What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！ What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！
二、由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：
1. 可用句型：“ How ＋形容词 / 副词＋主语＋谓语！”。如： How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！ How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！
2. 可用句型：“ How ＋形容词＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。如：
How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！
3. 可用句型：“ How ＋主语＋谓语！”。如： How time flies! 光阴似箭！ 由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如：
How beautiful a girl she is! ＝ What a beautiful girl she is! What delicious cakes these are! ＝ How delicious these cakes are! 三、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成。 如： Good idea! （好主意！）wonderful! （太精彩了！） Thank goodness! （谢天谢地！）
感叹句巧解：感叹句要看后面，即看形容词后的东东，
1) 若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数，就用what a/an；是不可数名词或可数名词复数，只用what。
2）若形容词后后紧跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Tom’s等等乱七八糟的东西，想都不用想，直接用how就OK了。如：
例句1：What a good boy he is! 他是个多么好的男孩啊！ 例句2：What good boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊！ 例句3：What cold weather it is! 多么冷的天气啊！
例句4：How good the boy is! 这男孩多好啊！
★★★ 若没有形容词，而出现副词或是句子，直接用how.
例：i)How well he plays the guitar!（what不可以修饰副词，看到副词直接用how）
ii)How time flies!( 句子) iii)How fast Liu Xiang runs
打油诗一首: 感叹句往后看；形容词后是名单；就用what a或what an；形后
若是不可数或名复数；只用what就可以；形容词后乱糟糟；只写how就OK了。
感叹句专项练习
一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。
1).________ difficult homework we had yesterday! 2).________cute dog it is!
3).________ interesting the story is!
4).________ bad the weather in England is! 5).________ honest boy Tom is ！
6).________ tasty smell the cake gave off!
7).________ good time we had on the beach yesterday! 8).________ exciting news you've brought us! 9).________cool your new car is! 10).________ scary these tigers are! 二、选择填空。
1. _______ fast the boy ran!
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 2. _______ well you sing but _______ badly he dances!
A. How, how B. What, what C. How, what D. What, how
3. ________ delicious the soup is! I’d like some more.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 4. _______ fools they were! They believed what the man said.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 5. _______ foolish they were! They believed what the man said.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 6. _______ difficult questions they are! I can’t answer them.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
7. I miss my friend very much. _______ I want to see her!
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
8. _______ lovely weather we are having these days!
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
9. _______ beautiful your new dress is!
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
10. _______ interesting work it is to teach children!
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
三、所给句子填空，使填空句变为相应的感叹句：
1. The boy swam very fast.（同义句）_______ _______ the boy swam! 2. The school trip is very exciting. （同义句）_____ ______ the school trip is!
3. Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter. （同义句） _______ _______ Hei Longjiang looks in winter! 4. It is a very useful dictionary. （同义句） _______ _______ _______ dictionary it is! _______ _______ _______ dictionary is!
5. The students are listening very carefully. ________ ________ the students are listening! 时态复习： 一、 一般现在时
1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 2.时间状语： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year,
month…), once a week, on Sundays,
3.基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）
4.否定形式：主语+am/is/are +not+其他; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，
则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单
数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
Eg:i) It seldom snows here. Ii) He is always ready to help others. Iii) Action speaks louder than words.. 课堂练习1：
按照要求改写句子。
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) Daniel TV every evening.
2. I do my homework every day .(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
—— you homework every day？——No,I .
3. She likes milk.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）
—— she milk? —— Yes.,she .
4. Simon is from Beijing.(同义句改写) Simon Beijing.
5. Millie is clever at Maths.(同义句改写) Millie Maths .
6、Sandy has long hair in a ponytail. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) Sandy long hair in a ponytail? Yes , .
7、Simon and Daniel are good friends .(改为否定句) Simon and Daniel ______ good friends.
8、We are in the school football team. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) you in the school football team? Yes, .. 9、Amy likes playing computer games. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) ________ Amy ________ playing computer games? No, ________ ________. 10、We go to school every morning . (改为否定句) We _____ _____ to school every morning.
11、She is always ready to help others. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) ________ she always ready to help others? No, ________ ________. 12、 The earth goes around the sun. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) ________ the earth ________ around the sun? Yes, ________ ________.
13、He speaks English very well. (改为否定句) He ________ speak English well.
14、John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) Where ________John ________ from?
15、I like taking my dog for a walk after supper. What ________ you ________ ________ after supper?.
改错:1. Is your brother speak English? 2. Does he looks like his father?
3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr Wu teachs us English.
5. She doesn’t her homework on Sundays. 二、 一般过去时
1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,
last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词 的过去式
4.否定形式：主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：was或were放句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
Eg:i)She often came to help us in those days. Ii) I didn't know you were so busy. 课堂练习2
写出下列动词的三单现和过去式
go ______ _______ enjoy _______ _______ buy ______ ______ eat______ _______
get _______ _______ walk ________ _______ take______ ______ dance_______ ________
write _______ ______ run______ _______swim_______ _______ find _______
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