本设计针对我国电梯业的现状，将可编程序控制器(PLC)应用于四层电梯进行逻辑控制。通过合理的选择和设计，不但提高了电梯可靠性，可维护性，以及灵活性，同时延长了使用寿命，缩短了电梯的开发周期，并提高了电梯的控制水平，改善了电梯运行的舒适感，使电梯达到了较为理想的控制效果。本文所设计的电梯与传统的电梯相比，在运行上具有良好的舒适感。在生活中可以节约电能，取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。达到了理想的目的，该电梯控制系统具有指层厅召唤，选层选向，手动和自动等功能，具有集选控制的特点.。在介绍电梯基本结构的基础上，深入分析了电梯的工作原理，阐述PLC的优点及特点，重点分析了电梯的硬件设计和软件设计，研究并提出了基于PLC 电梯控制系统设计的实现方案，最后对本论文的研究内容进行了总结与展望。
关键词：电梯 ；变频器 ；PLC控制； 变频调速
Abstract
The design for the status quo of China's elevator industry will be a programmable logic controller (PLC) used for four-storey elevator control logic, through the rational selection and design, not only to improve the reliability of the elevator, maintainability, and flexibility, while extending the of life and shorten the development cycle of the elevator and the elevator control to raise the level of the elevator operation to improve the comfort, so that the lift to reach a more satisfactory control effect. In this paper, the design of the elevator by the elevator when compared with the traditional, in the run with good comfort, in life can save energy, and achieved good economic and social benefits to achieve the desired purpose. The elevator control system has a mean layer, the Office of calls to the layer selected, manual and automatic functions with a set of features to control the election. In introducing the basic structure of the lift on the basis of the depth analysis of the working principle of the elevator, on the merits and characteristics of PLC, the focus of an analysis of the lift hardware design and software design, research and PLC based control system designed to lift the achievement of the program, Finally, the study of this thesis are summarized and prospects.
Keywords：Elevator ；PLC control；VVVF ；inverter
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目 录
第一章 可编程控制器 ..................................................... 7
1.1 可编程控制器的介绍 ............................................... 7
1.1.1 定义 ....................................................... 7 1.1.2 PLC和CPU的构成 ............................................ 7 1.1.3 电源模块 ................................................... 7 1.2 可编程控制器的选用 ............................................... 8
1.2.1 PLC控制系统的I/O点数计算 .................................. 8 1.2.2 PLC的型号选择 .............................................. 9
第二章 硬件接线 ....................................................... 10
2.1 外部接线图 ...................................................... 10 2.2 I/O分配图 ...................................................... 10 第三章 交流电梯的基本结构 ............................................. 12
3.1 机房部分 ........................................................ 12 3.2 井道部分 ........................................................ 12 3.3 轿厢部分 ........................................................ 12 3.4 厅门部分 ........................................................ 13 3.5 电梯的平层与停层 ................................................ 14 第四章 电梯的主电路及控制电路 ......................................... 16
4.1 拽引电动机主电路 ................................................ 16 4.2 控制部分 ........................................................ 16 4.3 输入输出地址分配表如下 .......................................... 17 4.4 电梯工作过程 .................................................... 18 4.5 硬件设计原理 .................................................... 19 4.6 总体设计 ........................................................ 20
4.6.1 设计目的 .................................................. 20 4.6.2 设计方案与技术指标 ........................................ 20
第五章 系统软件设计 ................................................... 22
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5.1 PLC梯形图概述 .................................................. 22 5.2 系统工作过程分析 ................................................ 22 5.3 控制要求 ........................................................ 23 5.4 过程分析 ........................................................ 23 5.5 调试过程 ........................................................ 25
5.5.1 准备工作 .................................................. 25 5.5.2 调试程序 .................................................. 25 5.5.3 系统软件设计 .............................................. 26
结 论 .................................................................. 28 参考文献 ............................................................... 29 谢 辞 .................................................................. 30
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