中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练

中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练 中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换对应表

短暂性动词 arrive at(in)get to/reach come/go/move to. come back//go back/ return come out/go out become close open(v) get up die leave fall asleep/get to sleep finish/end marry/get married begin/start borrow buy put on catch/get a cold get to know have/has gone to join the league/the Party/the army 延续性动词 be in /at be back be out be be closed be open(adj.) be up be dead be away from be asleep be over be married be on keep have wear have a cold know have/has been in be a member/members of; be in 现在完成时 have been in /at have been back have been out have been have been closed have been open have been up have been dead have been away from have been asleep have been over have been married have been on have kept have had have had a cold have known have been a member/members of; have been in 语法讲解：

1.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，并可以和以 for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可以用在以“how long”提问的句子中，句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。例：

He has been away from Beijing for two years. = He left Beijing two years ago. When did the train arrive here? B. How long ____ the train ____ here?

2.在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语动词时，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例： Lucy has come back.

The old man died 4 years ago. = The old man has been dead for 4 years.

He has been away from Beijing for two years. = He left Beijing two years ago. = It is two years since he left Beijing. = Two years has passed since he left Beijing.

3.非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语，并可以与for，since引导的时间状语连用，表示动作的延续过程。例如： She hasn’t bought any new clothes since last year. I haven’t borrowed the book for a long time.

巩固习题：

1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away 2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in

3. The factory ________ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened 4. Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become 5.The meeting _______ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 6.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught 7.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became 8. I ______ home for a week.

A. have returned B. have been back C. returned 9. How long _______ he ________ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead

10. ----- How long can I ______ the book? ------ Two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep 11.He ________ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had

12.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been 13.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown.

A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from 14.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take

15.The bus ______ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been

16. Tom is ill in hospital. He _______ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had 17.He ________ for 2 hours. A. got up B. has got up C. has been up

二、英语书面表达专项训练

2．李华的英国笔友Jessica来信说, 她想了解中国的传统节日中秋节。假如你是李华, 请你给Jessica写一封信, 介绍该节日。内容须包含以下所有要点： 1. 中秋节的时间；

2. 中秋节的传统习俗及庆祝方式：全家人一起吃饭, 赏月, 吃月饼等； 3, 我最期待的活动。

要求：1.80--100词〔开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数）；2.语句通顺, 意思连贯, 书写工整。 Dear Jessica,

I'm glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce the Mid-Autumn Festival to

you._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours, Li Hua

【答案】Dear Jessica,

I'm glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce the Mid-Autumn Festival to you. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the 8th lunar month. It’s a big day for us Chinese people. All the family members get together to celebrate the festival. In the evening, we usually have a big dinner. And then we go outside and enjoy the full moon. The moon that night looks the brightest. With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together to eat mooncakes, and share our stories. For me, the best part is to enjoy the moon and eat mooncakes. Mooncakes taste very delicious. They look like the moon, big and round.

Yours, Li Hua

【解析】

【详解】

本篇写作是以书信的方式向笔友介绍中国的传统节日中秋节，要用一般现在时来写。全文可分两大部分，第一部分写中秋节的时间、传统习俗及庆祝方式，第二部分写我最期待的活动。

亮点说明：这是一篇优秀的作文，很好地完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态，主谓一致，特别使用一些亮点词句，如get together，enjoy the full moon， share our stories等。增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，句子通顺，行文连贯。

3． 书面表达

暑假即将来临,对于如何安排孩子初中毕业后的第一个假期,家长们和孩子自己有着各自的想法。根据下表提示,写一篇英语短文,描述他们的不同看法,同时发表你自己对暑假安排的观点。

Parents' opinions Get ready for high school. Do some housework… Kid's opinions Have a good rest. Do some sightseeing… Your opinion … 注意]

(1)表格中的观点仅供参考,允许适当发挥; (2)开头已给出,不计入总词数;

(3)文中不得出现真实姓名和校名等信息; (4)词数:不少于80。

How will you spend the coming summer vacation? Parents and kids have their own opinions. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】How will you spend the coming summer vacation? Parents and kids have their own opinions.

Some parents think kids should get ready for high school in the sum?mer so it's important to take summer courses. They also think kids can help do housework to learn some life skills. But the kids disagree. They think it's time to take a good rest. They need to hang out with their friends to go sightseeing.