车辆工程毕业设计164轻型货车万向传动装置设计

` 摘 要

汽车的万向传动轴是由传动轴、万向节两个主要部件联接而成，在长轴距的车辆中还要加装中间支承。万向传动轴主要用于工作过程中相对位置不断改变的两根轴间传递转矩和旋转运动。在本世纪初万向节与传动轴的发明与使用，在汽车工业的发展中起到了极其重要的作用。随着汽车工业的发展，现代汽车对万向节与传动轴的效率、强度、耐久性和噪声等性能方面的设计及计算校核要求也越来越严格。本毕业设计将依据现有生产企业在生产车型(CA1041)的万向传动装置作为设计原型。在给定整车主要技术参数以及发动机、变速器等主要总成安装位置确定的条件下，对整车结构进行了分析，确定了传动轴布置方案，采用两轴三万向节带中间支承的布置形式。在确定了传动方案后，对传动轴、万向节总成、中间支承总成进行设计，使该总成能够在正常使用的情况及规定的使用寿命内不发生失效。

关键字：传动轴；万向节；中间支承；设计；校核

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ABSTRACT

The universal drive shaft of automotive is composed of transmission shaft and cardin joint. The main function of the universal drive shaft is to transmitting torque and rotation movement between two shafts whose relative position is variation in the working process. At the beginning of this century the transmission shaft and cardin joint play an important role in the development of automobile industry. As the development of automobile industry, the automobile demand that the design and verification of transmission shaft and cardin join stricter in the efficiency, intension, durability and noise performance. This graduation design chooses existing production business enterprise of basis is producing the car type(CA1041) of ten thousand to spread to move to equip the conduct and actions design prototype. Under the conditions of the main technical parameters of the given vehicle, installation location of engine, transmission and other major assembly are determined , the structure of the vehicle is analysised, the transmission shaft layout program is determined. Two shaft-three cardin joints is adapted. After determining the transmission options, the right drive shaft and universal joint assembly, intermediate bearing assembly is designed, so that the assembly can be used in normal situations and the life within no failure.

Keywords：Transmission shaft；Cardin joint；Middle supporting；Design ；Verification

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目 录

`摘 要 .................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................. II 第一章 绪 论..................................................................................................... 1

1.1选题的目的和意义........................................................................................... 1 1.2国内外研究现状、发展趋势........................................................................... 1

第2章 方案选择..................................................................................................... 3

2.1解放CA1041轻型货车原始数据 ................................................................... 3 2.2万向传动轴的结构特点和基本要求............................................................... 3 2.3万向节总成主要参数及其选择....................................................................... 5 2.4中间支承的选择............................................................................................... 6 2.5 本章小结.......................................................................................................... 6

第三章 传动轴总成的设计 .................................................................................. 7

3.1万向传动轴结构方案分析............................................................................... 7

3.1.1 基本组成的选择.................................................................................... 7 3.2 万向传动轴的计算载荷.................................................................................. 9 3.3传动轴钢管尺寸的选择................................................................................. 12 3.4传动轴的计算与强度校核............................................................................. 13

3.4.1传动轴的临界速度校核....................................................................... 13 3.4.2传动轴扭转强度计算与校核............................................................... 14 3.5传动轴花键设计............................................................................................. 15

3.5.1主传动轴花键设计............................................................................... 15 3.5.2中间传动轴花键的设计....................................................................... 19 3.6本章小结......................................................................................................... 20

第四章 万向节总成的设计 ................................................................................ 21

4.1万向节类型的选择......................................................................................... 21 4.2十字轴式万向节的结构分析......................................................................... 22

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4.3万向节的受力分析......................................................................................... 23

4.3.1单十字轴万向节的受力分析............................................................... 23 4.3.2双十字轴万向节传动........................................................................... 25 4.3.3多十字轴万向节传动........................................................................... 26 4.4万向节总成主要参数的确定与校核............................................................. 27

4.4.1十字轴................................................................................................... 27 4.4.2滚针轴承............................................................................................... 29 4.5联连接元件的设计......................................................................................... 32

4.5.1联接螺栓............................................................................................... 32 4.5.2万向节叉............................................................................................... 34 4.6本章小结......................................................................................................... 35

第五章 中间支承的设计..................................................................................... 36

5.1中间支承的结构分析与选择......................................................................... 36 5.2轴承的选取..................................................................................................... 37 5.3本章小结......................................................................................................... 39

结 论........................................................................................................................ 40 参考文献 ................................................................................................................... 41 致 谢........................................................................................................................ 42 附 录........................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。

附录A 英文文献 ................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 附录B中文翻译 .................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

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