A bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk. 闻其歌知其鸟，听其言知其人。
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文华高中高二英语选修8
Unit 2 Cloning Period 5-6 Grammar
班级：______________ 组名：___________________ 学生姓名：_______________ 学习目标：1. 能够在语篇中识别各种名词性从句。
2. 学会运用各种名词性从句。
学习重点：1. 学会把握名词性从句中从句的谓语动词和主句的谓语动词时态一致的关系。 2. 名词性从句和强调句型的结合。 学习难点：1. 名词性从句中时态问题的把握。 2. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气。
学法指南：1. 30分钟自学，完成自学任务中的语法点的归纳总结和理解 2. 课上25-30分钟高效讨论，展示成果及相互检测提问 3. 课上10-15分钟答疑解惑
名词性从句（二）
【知识链接】
复习名词性从句（一）讲过的内容，连接词的选择和语序问题。 Task 1 选择题
1. ____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. That C. How D. Where 2. ____ the 2020 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 3. ____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 4. — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. — Is that _____________ a few days off?
A. why you had B. when had you C. why had you D. where you had 5. —Do you remember ___________? —Yes, I do, he came by car.
A. he how came B. when he came C. how he came D. if did he come
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A bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk. 闻其歌知其鸟，听其言知其人。
6. China’s success in manned-spacecraft travel shows ____ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.
A. what B. which C. 不填 D. it that 7. “Is Mary from New York City” “I don't know _______.”
A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come C. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from 8. People in Chongqing are proud of __they have achieved in the past ten years. A. that have they achieved B. which they achieved C. what they have achieved
D. how achieved they
9. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A. which B. what C. that D. where 10. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________ and wait tor her mother. A. who was she B. what she was C. how was she D. where she was
【考点篇】
一、名词性从句中的时态（高频考点）
译一译，想一想：能找出名词性从句吗？从句的类型？主句和从句分别是什么时态？ 1) He said that he had seen the film.
2) The news that Jim had won the game made us excited.
3) My friend told me that he would travel with his parents the next month. 总结一：
1. 如果主句中谓语动词是____________时态, 那么从句的时态一般为表示___________的某种时态（如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时）。 【友情提示】
尤其在做完成句子的时候，不能只看汉语，还得根据英语句子中主句的谓语动词的时态来判断从句所需要的时态。
4) I wonder why you were so strict with you child just now. 5) The question is who will take charge of the project.
6) I believe you have tried your best and that things will improve. 7) I can’t imagine what my hometown will be like in ten years. 总结二：
2. 如果主句中谓语动词是____________时态, 那么从句中谓语动词________主句谓语动词时态的影响，可以根据需要使用__________时态。 8) Our teacher said that the sun rises in the east. 9) Did you know that the earth is round? 10) My mother told me that three minus one is two
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A bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk. 闻其歌知其鸟，听其言知其人。
（先翻译，再比对例句1-3，看看这5个句子在时态的运用上有什么区别） 总结三：
3. 如果宾语从句表示的是______________或_______________时，即使主句是过去时，从句也要用______________时态。
Task 2 选择最佳答案
（运用上面总结的理论，测一测，看看你究竟掌握了多少？Come on!） 1. The teacher said that light___ faster than sound.
A. has traveled B. traveled C. had traveled D. travels 2. The manager came over and asked the customer how____
A. did the quarrel come about B .the quarrel had come about C. had the quarrel come about D. the quarrel comes about 3. They asked where I ____________ during the May Day holiday.
A. had gone B. am going C. have gone D. go 4.—Hurry up. Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. —Oh, I thought they _____________ without me.
A. went B. are going C. had gone D. have gone 5. I don’t understand ____________ just now.
A. what he says B. what did he say C. what he said D. what he is saying 6. I asked him whether he ____________ the party.
A. will attend B. would attend C. attend D. has attended 7. Little Tom said that they ______________ then.
A. will watch TV B. are watching TV C. were watching TV D. watch TV 8. When and where the ceremony ________ hasn’t been decided yet.
A. is held B. are held C. is being held D. will be held
二、名词性从句中的语气
在某些宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词需用虚拟语气。
在名词性从句中有表示“___________, _____________, _____________, ______________”之类的词，无论是动词，名词还是动词的过去分词形式，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即_______________________ 形式，________________ 可以省略。
串联：这类词可以归纳为：一_____________________， 二 _______________________________， 三________________________________，四_______________________________________________。 如：
1）The guard at the gate insisted that everybody (should) obey the rules. 2）The order came that all the soldiers (should) be armed with weapons.
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A bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk. 闻其歌知其鸟，听其言知其人。
3）What the teacher suggests is that we (should) read English loudly every day.
4）It is demanded that all the students who will attend the meeting (should) wear the uniforms. Task 3 练一练
1. The doctor recommended that you ________________ fatty food. (ear) 医生建议你不吃脂肪含量大的食物。
2. My proposal is that the meeting _________________. (put) 我的建议是会议应推迟举行。
3. The teacher demanded that the work _____________ before 4 o’clock. (finish) 老师要求工作在4点之前完成。
三、考查连接词whether 和if
在名词性从句（一）里我们区别过这两个连接词，大家还有印象吗？看看下面的例句，就都明白了，不妨再总结一下：
1）Whether he will come is uncertain. 2）What we are concerned is whether or not we can finish the work on time. 3）We are interested in whether the little boy can solve the problem on his own. 4）She doesn’t know whether to believe what he says. 5）We doubt whether / if the machine can run as usual.
6）It is uncertain whether /if he will come Task 4 在名词性从句中只能用whether引导表“是否”的从句的情况：
主语从句位于_________时，须用whether引导；与___________直接连用时，须用whether引导； 在________词后，引导宾语从句时，须用whether引导；与_____________连用时，须用whether引导。（依次见例句1-4） whether 和if 可以互换的情况：
_________词后，whether / if 都可引导表“是否”的宾语从句；当主语从句位于_________时，whether / if可互换。（见例句5，6）
四、与强调句型的结合
难点：这是块难啃的骨头，但如果你是个有心人，一切问题都不成问题了！不信你就试试！ Task 5
试着回忆强调句型的基本句型结构：________________________________________ 强调句型的一般疑问句式：________________________________________________ 强调句型的特殊疑问句式：________________________________________________ 思考：强调句型的疑问句式在名词性从句中语序会发生改变吗？ 请看例句
Eg.1) 到底是谁写的双城记？
Who ____________ that wrote A Tale of Two Cities?
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A bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk. 闻其歌知其鸟，听其言知其人。
2) 如果你知道双城记到底是谁写的，请举手。
If you know who it was that wrote A Tale of Two Cities, raise your hand.
Task 6比较这两个例句，你发现了什么？可以试着这么分析：
第一句是强调句型的_____________句式（基本/一般疑问/特殊疑问？），结构为___________________________；
在第二句中know后面是个_____________从句，也含有____________句型，但在名词性从句中，从句要用______________语序，因此，强调句型的特殊疑问句式在复合句中的语序就变为__________________________。 （抓住重点了吗？）
Eg.1. No one knows ___________________________ that stole Mary’s laptop. (who) 没人知道究竟是谁偷了了玛丽的笔记本电脑。 体验高考真题：
（2012）73. I don’t know ________________________ in the novel that made him burst into tears. (what) 我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。
【学习小结】在这份导学案中你学到了哪些？吸收消化了哪些？名词性从句中的时态掌握了吗？如何来判断？
还有哪些考点很难，不好理解掌握的？ 【学习反思】
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