非谓语动词 动词不定式
做主语 To see is to believe. What to do next has not been decide It is not easy to remember all these words. 表语 To know everything is to know nothing. 定语 This is a book to be written . 宾语 I want to study .
He found it impossible to keep silent any longer. 宾补 They warned me not to be late. I let you do it
（make， have， see， watch， notice， look at， observe， smell， listen to， hear，perceive）
状语 Yesterday he came to see me.
独立成份 To be frank ， she is not my girlfriend. 形容词补语 I am glad to hear the news.
不定式的逻辑主语 For a bridge to collapse like that is unbelievable. 不定式的 时态和语态 to do（be） ， to be+p.p. to have done， to have been done 动名词
主，表语 Seeing is believing Tom‘s going there won‘t do any harm. My hobby is collecting stamps. 定语
This is a swimming poor. （ a poor for swimming） This is a hiding place （ a place for hiding ）
宾语 I enjoy studying （mind， keep， appreciate， can't help， consider， postpone，suggest，admit etc.）
Do you mind my smoking here
介词 + 宾语
I used to doing. （confess to， look forward to， object to doing sth.） be involve in， consist of， be fond of， etc. 动名词的时态和语态基本形同分词的时态和语态 分词
状语 When I saw the film， I felt sad = Seeing the film， I felt sad. Because it is Sunday today， we have no school. It being Sunday， we have no school.
When the job was finished， we went home straight away. The job finished， we went home straight away. 定语 The boy standing there is a classmate of mine. =The boy who is standing there is a classmate of mine. The used car. A broken cup the question involved. 表语 The film is exciting. All the windows are broken.
宾补 I found them watering flowers.（ I found that they were watering flowers. I found the flowers watered. （ I found the flowers watered） 分词的时态和语态 .（ 形同动名词 ） doing （being） being done having done having been done
______nothing to say， the boy shield way form the crowd. A. Having B. Have C Had. D. Having being
What developed was a music readily taking （ take） on various forms.
Not having got （not get） enough hands， she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task. 非谓语动词答题要点
1. Anyone wanting （want） to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.
2 . A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted （convict）of murder. 3. As research techniques become more advanced， the number of animals used （ use） in experiments may decrease.
Not have got （not， get）enough hands she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task . It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control （ control） his direction.
As I'll be away for a year ， I'd appreciate hearing （hear）from you now and then . Object to ， confess to ， look forward to + doing. 介词 + doing.
If I had remembered —— the window， the thief would not have got in. a. to close b. closing c. to have close d. having closed.
Begin， start， intend， continue to do， doing 的区别不大 The baby began crying. The baby began to cry.
Try to do. 努力去做 Try doing 尝试去做 . I was very tired. I tired to keep my eyes open， but I couldn‘t.
I can‘t find anywhere to live.
______， they began to get down to business. A. The holidays being over B. The holidays are over C. The holidays were over D. The holidays had been over V+ing 及从句 的固定用法 It‘s no use doing sth.
It‘s no use worrying about it. There‘s nothing you can do. It‘s （not） worth doing sth. Have difficulty doing sth. Spend time （in） doing sth. There is no doubt that. 强调句
强调主语 It is I that/who am to blame
2. 强调直接宾语 It was a glass that Mary broke. 3. 强调间接宾语 It was him that I gave the pen to. 4. 强调介词宾语 It is this room that I am living in.
5. 强调状语 1） 时间状语 It was last year that Tom graduated from high school. 2） 地点状语 It was under the bridge that we found him.
3） 原因状语 It was for his arrogance that I dislike him. 4） 目的状语 It was for pleasure that I read it. 不仅可以是陈述句 ， 还可以是疑问句和感叹句 .
Was it you that/who lost a watch yesterday What great progress it was that you made. 强调句可以是一个从句 ， 被强调的部分也可以是从句 .
I was told that it was because he hadn‘t received the invitation that he didn‘t come It was there， the police believe，——she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.
A. that B.until C. which D. when 虚拟语气 第一类型 ： 见词就填 ： A. （should ） do （should） be
B. （should） be + 过去分词 第一类型虚拟语气 A
建议 坚持 要求 建议 命令 决定 命令 宁愿 决定 命令 安排 重要 动词 advise propose suggest insist require desire demand request recommend order decide command prefer determine Instruct arrange 名词 advice proposal Suggestion insistence Requirement desire Demand request Recommendation order decision command preference determination Instruction Arrangement Importance 形容词 advisable suggested insistent desired Requested Ordered Decided Preferable Arranged important 见某些形容词要虚拟
Urgent， necessary， important， possible， essential， incredible， natural， ridiculous， vital， imperative， crucial， critical， proper， compulsory， etc.
形容词带的从句 ： It is important that every member （should） inform himself of these rules.
主语从句 ： It is decided that the meeting （should） be postponed. 宾语从句 ： He insisted that his daughter （should） come.
表语从句 ： The doctor‘s advice is that the patient （should） be kept quiet. 同位语从句 ： He gave order that the guests （should） be hospitably entertained. 考题 ： They demanded that the right to vote——（give） to every adult person. [（should） be given]
For a child to give up less mature idea for a more sophisticate one， it requires that the child ____ psychologically ready for the new idea. A.is B.be C.were D.would be 考题 ：
_____for your help， I would not have overcome the psychological pressures and tensions. A. Had it not been B. not been C. Without being D. not having been 特殊虚拟
Even if 形式上与 if 相同 Wish 形式上大体与 if 从句相同
从句谓语与 Wish 同时 Wish+ 主语 +V.ed/were I wish I were as young as you.
从句谓语发生 Wish 之前 多用 Wish+ 主语 +had done（been） I wish that he had not made so much trouble. 从句谓语发生
Wish 之后 用 Wish+ 主语 +would（could） + v. I wish you would stay with me far a while
I wish I could fly.
It is （about. High……） time that + 从句 （V.ed） It is high time that we began to work.
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