陕西西安地区八校2019-2020学年高三上学期第一次联考
英语试题
本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分。考试时间120分钟。 注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上，认真核对条形码上的姓 名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题纸上的指定位置上。
2. 选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号;非选择题答案用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。 3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超岀答题区域书写的答案无效。 4.保持纸面清洁，不折叠，不破损。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在答題 卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Listed here are four of the thousands of impressive museums around the world. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao in Bilbao，Spain
Built in 1997，the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is one of the newest in the world.It has transformed the industrial city of Bilbao into a travelers' desired destination.The beautiful architecture of the museum has provided a dramatic background for movies and commercials.
The Louvre in Paris，France
Probably the most famous Louvre also holds the most famous painting in the world，the “Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci.Crowds can be found any day surrounding the small，but mysterious painting of the smiling woman.But，the Louvre is much more than a home to the “Mona Lisa”．The Louvre is visited by more people each year than any other museum in the world.
The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia，America
Just opened in its new downtown location in 2012，the Barnes Foundation is “unique”in that it is a completely reproduced display from one man's private collection.Dr.Albert C．Barnes started collecting art in the early 20th
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century and collected，among others，the largest number of original Renoir paintings in the world.
The Uffizi Gallery in Florence，Italy
Walking on the marbled floors feels like stepping back in time.The building itself is a beautiful palace—like structure with frescoes(湿壁画) decorating the ceilings and walls.Viewers are bowled over(印象深刻) by the works by Botticelli，such as “The Birth of Venus”．Classic artworks from nearly 1，000 years ago describe religious events of the time.
1. Which of the following is the most popular? A. The Louvre.
B. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao. C. The Barnes Foundation. D. The Uffizi Gallery.
2. What makes the Barnes Foundation particular? A. Its structure. C. Its location.
3. What type of writing is this text? A. An activity poster.
B. An exhibition announcement. C. An art show review. D. A travel guide.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】
1本题考点为细节理解。选A。由The Louvre in Paris，France部分的\和\可知卢浮宫人气最旺。
2本题考点为细节理解。选B。由The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia，America部分的“the Barnes Foundation is unique in that it is a completely reproduced display from one man's private collection”可以知道：博物馆的特别之处在于其所有的展览品均是人工复制品。 3本题考点为推理判断。选D。由“Listed here are four of the thousands of impressive museums around the world”可以知道，文中主要介绍了四个世界闻名的博物馆的情况，因此应为旅行
B. Its collection. D. Its history.
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指南。
B
\ With her eyes shining, Tori brags, \
Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happened to be yours truly, Adam Freedman, I can tell you that what they are saying is （a） not nice and （b） not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip （闲话）.I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.
An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.
If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor （传言）can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don't. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the \group\（优越感）.
Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do's and don'ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.
The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your \ 4. The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to _________. A. introduce a topic C. describe the characters
B. present an argument D. clarify his writing purpose
5. An important negative effect of gossip is that it ___________.
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A. breaks up relationships C. spreads information around
B. embarrasses the listener D. causes unpleasant experiences
6. Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can ____________. A. provide students with written rules B. help people watch their own behaviors C. force school to improve student handbooks D. attract the police's attention to group behaviors 7. What advice does the author give in the passage? A. Never become a gossiper C. Don't let gossip turn into lies
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 【解析】
4本题考点为推理判断题。选A。根据“\可知，这叙述了两个人在说别人闲话的场景。再根据第三段中的“Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? Many of our conversations are gossip （闲话）. ”因为后文主要叙述“说闲话”的影响。由此推知，文章开头用两人的交谈是为了引出“说闲话”这个话题。
5本题考点为细节理解题。选D。根据第四段中的“An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about”可以知道，传闲话重要的消极影响是会伤害到被谈论的人。 6本题考点为细节理解题。选B。根据倒数第二段中的“Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.”流言蜚语还有第三种效果：它强化了人们应该如何行动的潜规则。大卫·威尔逊教授解释说，流言蜚语对群体行为的监控很重要。这意味着如果你身边的每个人都在嘲笑约翰穿的衣服或简说的话，那么你可以打赌你穿的衣服或说的类似的话会让你得到同样的负面关注。所以需要让人们注意他们的行为。
7本题考点为细节理解题。根选D。据最后一段中的“The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your \”可知，下次你想要传播最新消息的时候，想想你为什么要说闲话，你的“有趣的故事”可能会有什么影响。
B. Stay away from gossipers D. Think twice before you gossip
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所以，传闲话前一定要注意自己的行为。
C
Do you ever pull your phone out of your pocket，thinking it is vibrating（振动），only to find that it isn?t？This phenomenon，which scientists call\（幻觉）phone vibration\，is very common．Around 80% of people surveyed say they have imagined their phones vibrating when they were actually still．
So，what leads to this universal behavior？According to the BBC，the explanation lies in your brain?s ability to discover signals from the outside world．When your phone is in your pocket，there are two possible states：it is either vibrating or not．Meanwhile，you also have two possible states of mind：the judgment that the phone is vibrating，or that it isn?t．Ideally，you match the four states correctly．
However，sometimes your brain decides that the results of missing a call are more serious than a\
alarm\．Therefore，you become more sensitive（敏感的） to vibrations so that you don?t miss anything． This is just like the fire alarm in your home---it can be annoying when it goes off in response to just a tiny bit of smoke．But that?s a small price to pay compared to a fire really breaking out because the alarm fails to alert you．Now，you might still ask：why can?t our brains just make every judgment correctly without being too sensitive to false signals？The answer is that your brain bears a heavy burden every day．\感觉的) information that?s coming from your eyes，ears and skin，and you can?t deal with all that information all the time，\Rothberg，a researcher at Baystate Medical Center in Springfield，US，told Live Science．
的For example，the rustling（沙沙声）of clothing or the growling（咕咕声）of your stomach may both lead your brain to believe that they come from the vibration of your phone-it is like trying to hear your name being called in a noisy room．
So，perhaps you should just check your phone whenever you think it?s vibrating．It?s not too much trouble to do that，is it？
8. According to this passage，phantom phone vibration ______ ． A. is common among people with mental problems B. can measure people?s ability to collect information C. happens when our brains react sensitively to false signals D. helps our brains to make very quick and accurate decisions 9. Why is the fire alarm used as an example in this passage？ A. To show us the fire alarm is as sensitive as the phone vibration．
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