高三英语一轮复习语法专题——名词性从句活动单
复习目标：1.熟练掌握各连接词、连接代词、连接副词在句子中的选择与运用； 2.准确巧妙地在语段中使用名词性从句。
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫作名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。名词性从句是英语中的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词that，whether，if(不充当从句的任何成分)；连接代词what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whose，which；连接副词when，where，how，why。 一、辨别下面从句的类型。
1. As is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. 2. It is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two countries are making progress. 3. What is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two countries are making progress. 4. I hold the opinion that what really counts is our attitude towards failure. 5. It is obvious that reading can enrich our minds, so we should read as much as possible. 6. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house whose roof is under repair. 7. A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago. 8. The reason why he didn’t come was that he was ill.
9. More and more good farmland has been used to build factories, as a result of which, farmland is decreasing year by year. 10. The bare fact is that many people are in favor of the decision made at yesterday’s meeting. 11.Take whatever action is needed. 12.Don’t tell Paul, whatever you do! 13.The news that the enemy had surrendered soon spread over the whole country . 14.The news that the enemy has announced soon spreads over the whole country. 二、重难点突破。
重难点突破一：名词性从句what和that的比较选用
(1) —What a mess! You are always so lazy!
—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me. A. how B. what C. that
D. who
(2) Experts believe ________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. why
B. where C. that
D. what
☆【规律点睛】☆
________引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何含义；
________引导名词性从句时在从句中要充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语等。 试比较：
（1）_________ he considered a great proposal was turned down by the boss at the meeting. （2）_________ Putin visited China led to the closer relationship between the two countries. ☆【特别提醒】☆
①what相当于“名词或代词＋that/which”； ②what不能引导定语从句
③介词后不接that从句，除了in that...和except that...。
④that引导两个以上的宾语从句，第一个that可省略，其后的that都不可省略。that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不可省略。 ☆【巩固提升】☆
①The school is no longer ________ it used to be. ＝The school is no longer the one________ it used to be. ②Finally he told us everything ________ he had seen. ＝Finally he told us ________ he had seen. ③They arrived in ________ was once a school. ＝They arrive in the place ________ was once a school. ④Don't care ________ others think about you. ⑤Do you know ________ they do with waste paper?
重难点突破二：It is...和There is...
It is...句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动名词、不定式或从句，而There is意为“有??”，有时be也可以用exist，remain等替代。
①________ is a pity that he was absent. ②________ is a fact that he has lied to you. ③________ is no wonder that he is so excited. ④________ is no need to worry about it.
⑤________ is no sense/point (in) arguing with him. ⑥________ is no doubt that he has gone. ⑦________ is no use complaining about life. ⑧________ is a waste of time surfing the Internet.
重难点突破三：表语从句中的常见句型
常用的句型有：The reason is that...；It is because...；That's why...；That's where...
①The reason ________ he is absent from school is ________ he is ill. ＝He is ill. That's ________ he is absent from school. ＝He is absent from school. That's ________ he is ill.
②The reason ________ he gave was ________ he was caught in the traffic jam. ③That's ________ I disagree/the problem lies/I have doubt/you are mistaken.
That's _______ I disagree about/the problem lies in/I have doubt about/you are mistaken about.
重难点突破四：同位语从句和定语从句的辨别
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。连接词 that引导同位语从句时，应在某些抽象名词之后，如：fact,hope,story,thought,suggestion,idea,news,possibility,
feeling,doubt,truth,wish,word(消息),request,information,order,message等，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用。同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。定语从句中的that是关系代词，既起引导从句的作用，同时又在从句中充当主语或宾语，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
①The news ________ he told us excited us.
The news ________ our team won the game excited us. ②The fact ________ he collected was surprising. The fact ________ he said nothing was surprising.
③There is a chance/possibility ________ he will lose the game. ＝________ are that he will lose the game.
④Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. ☆【规律点睛】☆
判断定语从句还是同位语从句的方法可以采用“加词”法，即在名词和从句之间加入一个be动词，如果句子意思成立则为________，否则是_________。试比较： ▲The notice that the meeting had to be put off was true.
可以说成：The notice was that the meeting had to be put off.（________从句） ▲The notice that he brought was true.（_________ 从句） 不可说成：The notice was that he brought.（意思不对）
重难点突破五：“疑问词＋ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”的区别
“疑问词＋ever”既可引导名词性从句，在主句中充当一定的成分，又可以引导让步状语从句；但是“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。其中，who表示疑问；而whoever与anyone who同义。
①________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. ________ leaves the room last, he ought to turn off the lights. ②He wouldn't listen to ________ I said. ________ I said, he wouldn't listen to me.
③Sarah hopes to become a friend of ________ shares her interest. ________ comes, you mustn't open the door.
④As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ________ suits you best. ☆【特别提醒】☆
who表示疑问；而whoever与anyone who同义。
☆【尝试比较】☆
⑤_________ broke the glass is2 still unknown.(强调“打坏玻璃”这件事) ⑥_________ breaks the law should be punished.（强调“犯法的人”） ☆【巩固提升】☆
⑦________ has stolen the money hasn't been found out yet. ⑧________ has stolen the money should be punished.
⑨I will spare a ticket for the newly－made film to ________ desires to get it.
重难点突破六：来源于感叹句的名词性从句
(1) ________ some teenagers don’t realize is ________ difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.
A. What; how B. That; how C. What; what a D. That; what
(2) I was shocked by the poor results of the exam, which made me realize ______ terrible problems I
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