Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
Winston Churchill was born on November 30, 1874, in England. He served in the British Army until 1899. The following year, Churchill began his long career in the government.
Churchill was elected to various positions for the next several years. After the beginning of World War Ⅱ， Churchill was appointedW1 First Lord of the Admiralty. In early May, the former Prime Minister of England resignedW2 and Churchill was appointed to the position by King George Ⅵ. England's army suffered many losses early on and Churchill faced a great deal of criticismW3. But one of the major contributions he made to the eventual victoryW4 was his ability to inspire the British people to greater effort by making public broadcasts on significant occasions. As a brilliant public orator (演说家), he was a tireless source of strength to people.
On October 29, 1941, Churchill made a speech at Harrow School which he attended as a youth. Part of the speech included the lines, “Never give in except to convictions (信念) of honor and good sense. Never yield to force; never yield to the apparently overwhelmingW5 might of the enemy.” He also used the phrase “Never, never, never give up” in his personal writing and correspondence (信件)．
Churchill lost his bidP1 for re-election in 1945 and shortly thereafter suffered his first stroke. He remained active in politics, returning to the Prime Minister position in 1951, until his health forced him to retire. Throughout his life he was an enthusiastic writer and even won the Nobel Prize for Literature. Sir Winston Churchill passed awayP2 on January 24, 1965.
篇章导读：本文是关于温斯顿·丘吉尔的一篇传记，简述了其辉煌的一生。
1．The text is developed by ________.
A．providing examples B． following time order C．making comparisons D． following space order
答案：B 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章主要按照人物事件发生的先后顺序展开，即时间顺序。
2．By using the lines from Churchill's speech, the author wants to prove that ________.
A．Churchill always accepted his mistakes B．Churchill was thankful for his home country C．Churchill was a tireless source of strength to people
D．Churchill mainly inspired young people to make greater effort 答案：C 推理判断题。联系第二段最后一句和第三段第二句可推知，引用丘吉尔演讲的台词主要是为了证明他一直是人们的力量源泉。
3．What is the author's attitude towards Churchill? A．Admiring. B． Skeptical. C．Sympathetic. D． Disappointing.
答案：A 推理判断题。通读全文并根据文中出现的褒义词(如：contributions, inspire, brilliant, enthusiastic等)可以看出，作者对丘吉尔是充满钦佩之情的。
4．This text can be classified as a ________. A．historical story B． medical report C．news report D． biography
答案：D 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要按照时间顺序简要介绍了温斯顿·丘吉尔的生平，故本文为一篇传记。
W重点单词
1．appoint vt. 任命；委派 2．resign v. 辞职；放弃(工作或职位) 3．criticism n．批评；指责 4．victory n．胜利；成功 5．overwhelming adj. 难以抗拒的；压倒性的 P重点短语
1．lose one's bid 失利 2.pass away 去世
B
[2017·河南八市质检]Chinese New Year celebrations, also known as the Spring Festival start on the 23rd day of the 12th lunarW1 month of the Chinese calendar, and end on the 15th day of the first lunar month in the following year in the Chinese calendar. Chinese New Year's Day's date is calculated according to the Chinese lunar calendar. In 2015 it's Thursday, February 19.
Many people clean their homes to welcome the Spring Festival. They put up the red posters with poetic verses on it to their doors,
Chinese New Year pictures on their walls, and decorateW2 their homes with red lanterns. It is also a time to reunite with relatives, so many people visit their families at this time of the year.
In the evening of the Spring Festival Eve, many people set offP1 fireworks and firecrackers, hoping to cast away any bad luck and bring forth good luck. Children often receive lucky money. Many people wear new clothes and send Chinese New Year greetings to each other. VariousW3 activities such as beating drums and striking gongs, as well asP2 dragon and lion dances, are all part of the Spring Festival festivities.
The Spring Festival is a national holiday in China. Government offices, schools, universities and many companies are closed during the period from the Spring Festival Eve to the seventh day of the first lunar month in the Chinese calendar. However, some enterprises such as banks often arrange for workers to be on shift duty. Public transport is availableW4 during the Chinese New Year period.
The red posters with poetic verses on it were initially a type of amulet (驱邪物), but now it simply means good fortuneW5 and joy. Various Chinese New Year symbols express different meanings. For example, an image of a fish symbolizes “having more than one needs
every year”. A firecracker symbolizes “good luck in the coming year”. The festival lanterns symbolize “pursuing the bright and the beautiful”．
篇章导读：春节是中国人民最隆重的传统节日，也象征着团结、兴旺，是对未来寄托新的希望的佳节。从腊月二十三到正月十五人们一直沉浸在欢乐的节日中。
5．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．Chinese New Year is around the corner
B．what people usually do during Chinese New Year C．how people treat each other on the special day D．Chinese New Year witnesses the longest holidays
答案：B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在文中主要讲述了中国的春节，以及在春节前后人们所做的活动。
6．Traditionally Chinese New Year will last about ______. A．23 days B． 15 days C．7 days D． 25 days
答案：A 细节理解题。依据第一段可知，春节始于腊月二十三，到来年的正月十五结束，历时23天的时间。
7．The original purpose of the red posters is ________. A．to show some wonderful poems to others B．to decorate the house with bright colors C．to drive the evils away from their homes D．to welcome friends and relatives warmly
答案：C 细节理解题。依据尾段的第一句可知，最初在门上贴红色的对联是为了驱邪。故选C。
8．It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A．the New Year symbols mean good for the future B．giving lucky money is a must for parents C．the Chinese celebrate the festival differently D．the staff in banks have a seven－day holiday
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