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Ⅱ.Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets(2%×10=20%). 1.Realations between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.( ) ANSWER:T
2.Both assimilation and alienation can happen during phonological processes.( ) ANSWER:T
3.Phone is a phonological unit.( ) ANSWER:F
4.The division of English into Old English, Middle English, and Modern English is nonconventional and not arbitrary.( ) ANSWER:F
5.The first pragmatic theory is Conversational Implicature.( ) ANSWER:F
6.Father of modern linguistics is Swiss F. de Saussure.( ) ANSWER:F
7.In the history of any language the writing system always came into being before the spoken form.( ) ANSWER:F
8.There is merely little difference between data retrieval and information
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retrieval.( ) ANSWER:F
9.If a child is deprived of linguistic environment, he or she is unlikely to learn a language successfully later on.( ) ANSWER:T
10. There is no difference between data retrieval and information retrieval.( ) ANSWER:F
11.Language refers to the abstract innate system, however, parole refers to the outcome or what we actually utter/write.( ) ANSWER:T
12.There are some relations between language and culture, language and society, but they are not deserved to spend a lot of time studying.( ) ANSWER:F
13.Language acquisition is a hot research topic today, and social, cultural, personal factors are also observed to be affecting.( ) ANSWER:T
14.Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations while linguistic forms with the same reference always have the same sense. ( ) ANSWER:F
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15.Realations between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.( ) ANSWER:T
16.A compound is the combination of two words.( ) ANSWER:F
17. Both assimilation and alienation can happen during phonological processes.( ) ANSWER:T
18.Synchronic describes language by analyzing its development through different period of time, while diachronic describes phenomenon of language of a certain period.( ) ANSWER:F
19.Language refers to the abstract innate system, however, parole refers to the outcome or what we actually utter/write.( ) ANSWER:T
20.The meaning of a sentence is always the sum total of the words in that sentence.( ) ANSWER:F
Ⅲ.Directions: Explain the following terms(3%×5=15%). 1. displacement
ANSWER: Displacement，as one of the design features of the human language，
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refers to the fact that one can talk about things that are not present，as easily as he does things presently.
2.cultural transmission
ANSWER: It means that language is not biologically transmitted from generation to generation，but that the details of the linguistic system must be learned anew by each speaker.
3.category
ANSWER:Category, in some approaches refers to classes and functions in its narrow sense, more specifically, it refers to the defining properties of general units.
4.arbitrariness
ANSWER: One design feature of human language,which refers to the face that the forms of linguistic signs bear no natural relationship to their meaning. 5.Vowl:
ANSWER: Are sound segments produced without such obstruction,so no turbulence of a total stopping of the air can be perceived.
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6. lexicon:
ANSWER: A list of all the words in a language assigned to various lexical categories and provided with semantic interpretation.
7. linguistics
ANSWER: Linguistics is the scientific study of language, it studies not just one language of any one society，but the language of all human beings. 8.word
ANSWER: Word is a unit of expression that has universal intuitive recognition by native speakers, whether it is expressed in spoken or written form.
Ⅳ.Briefly answer the following questions 1.Please list the 4 design features of language
ANSWER:①arbitrariness ②duality ③creativity ④displacement
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