南京市金陵中学2020-2021学年高二英语9月月考
出卷人：高三英语备课组 审阅人：高二英语备课组
（时间：120分钟，满分：150分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
A
On your journey, there are some healthy active transport options, for example cycling. Active transport benefits
* It’s a convenient and practical way to incorporate (并入) regular exercise into your day.
* Cycling to your stop or station helps to reduce your carbon footprint.
* The cost of buying and maintaining a bicycle is around 1% of the cost of buying and maintaining a car. * It provides an opportunity to socialize with people in your local community.
* Cycling provides commuters (通勤者) with economical and efficient access to public transport services. On average, 10 times more households are within cycling distance of public transport than they are within walking distance.
Taking your bike on the train
You can take your bike on the train on weekdays, except during the following peak times: * 7 a.m.-9:30 a.m. towards the CBD (Central Business District); * 3 p.m.-6:30 p. m. outwards from the CBD;
* at any time during weekends and public holidays.
Note: You can travel in the opposite direction during the specified peak times above.
To avoid travelling during peak times, you must complete your morning journey by 7 a.m. towards the CBD and afternoon journey by 3 p.m. outwards from the CBD．
During peak hours, bikes cannot be brought through Fortitude Valley, Central or Roma Street stations. If you travel with a bike during peak times, you may be asked to leave the train until peak time ends. Bike storage facilities
Bike facilities offer greater flexibility as you can cycle to a station and securely park your bike before
continuing your journey on public transport. Queensland Rail and the City of Gold Coast also offer a number of bicycle storage facilities across our network. You can book a bike locker by emailing us at bikelockerqueries@ translink. com. au.
21．What is mentioned about cycling in the text? A．It is environmentally-friendly. B．It is convenient to get around. C．It is helpful to reduce your weight. D．It is much faster than walking. 22．When can you take your bike on the train through Roma Street station? A．7 a.m. on Christmas. B．3 p.m. towards CBD． C．6 p.m. during weekends. D．4 p.m. outwards from CBD． 23．Where can we probably find the text? A．A guide book. B．A health journal. C．A sports magazine. D．A Travel website.
B
Elizabeth Blackwell is a British-born woman physician (医师). She was born in 1821 in England. Her father
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decided to move the family to the United States in 1832 after his factory was destroyed by fire. It is said that she turned to studying medicine after a close friend who was dying said she wouldn’t have suffered so much if her physician had been a woman. Elizabeth knew that no woman had ever been permitted to study in a medical school. But she began to think about the idea seriously after the friend who had suggested it died.
Elizabeth discussed it with her family. Her family supported her. However, all the medical colleges refused her except Geneva Medical College in New York. When she graduated from Geneva Medical College in 1849, she became the first woman in America to earn the M. D．degree. She was not offered many opportunities as a young female physician, she opened her own office 2 years later. Her younger sister Dr. Emily Blackwell, joined her in 1856. Together with Dr. Marie Zakrzewska, they opened the New York Infirmary (医院) for Women and Children in 1857. After establishing the infirmary. Elizabeth Blackwell went on a year-long lecture tour of Great Britain. Her lectures and personal example inspired more women to take up medicine as a profession.
When the American Civil War broke out, the Blackwell sisters aided in nursing efforts. After the end of the war, Elizabeth Blackwell carried out a plan that she had developed together with her friend Florence Nightingale while in England. She opened the Women’s Medical College with her sister. This college was operated under her sister’s management. She moved to England the next year. There, she helped to organize the National Health Society and she founded the London School of Medicine for Women.
As her health declined, Blackwell gave up the practice of medicine in the late 1870s, though she still campaigned for reform (改革). On 31 May 1910, she died at home in England. 24．What probably made Elizabeth determine to learn medicine?
A．Her family’s expectation. B．Her interest in medicine. C．Her friend’s suggestion. D．Her friend’s medical talent. 25．How old was Elizabeth when she opened the hospital for women and children? A．28. B．30. C．36. D．37. 26．Who was in charge of the Women’s Medical College? A．Marie Zakrzewska. B．Emily Blackwell. C．Elizabeth Blackwell. D．Florence Nightingale. 27．Which of the following can best describe Elizabeth? A．Simple and hardworking. B．Determined and caring. C．Curious and patient. D．Gentle and peace-loving. C
Exposing living tissue to subfreezing temperatures for long can cause permanent damage. Microscopic ice crystals (结晶体) cut cells and seize moisture (潮气), making donor organs unsuitable for transplantation. Thus, organs can be made cold for only a few hours ahead of a procedure. But a set of lasting new antifreeze compounds (化合物)—similar to those found in particularly hardy (耐寒的) animals—could lengthen organs’ shelf life.
Scientists at the University of Warwick in England were inspired by proteins in some species of Arctic fish, wood frogs and other organisms that prevent blood from freezing, allowing them to flourish in extreme cold. Previous research had shown these natural antifreeze molecules (分子) could preserve rat hearts at -1.3 degrees Celsius for up to 24 hours. But these proteins are expensive to extract (提取) and highly poisonous to some species. “For a long time everyone assumed you had to make synthetic (人造的) alternatives that looked exactly like antifreeze proteins to solve this problem, ”says Matthew Gibson, a chemist at Warwick who co-authored the new research. “But we found that you can design new molecules that function like antifreeze proteins but do not necessarily look like them. ”
Most natural antifreeze molecules have a mixture of regions that either attract or repel water. Scientists do not know exactly how this process prevents ice crystal formation, but Gibson thinks it might throw water molecules
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into push-pull chaos that prevents them from tuning into ice. To copy this mechanism, he and his colleagues synthesized spiral-shaped molecules that were mostly water-repellent—but had iron atoms at their centers that made them hydrophilic, or water-loving. The resulting compounds were surprisingly effective at stopping ice crystals from forming. Some were also harmless to the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, indicating they might be safe for other animals.
“These compounds are really cool because they are not proteins—they are other types of molecules that
nonetheless can do at least part of what natural antifreeze proteins do, ”says Clara do Amaral, a biologist at Mount St. Joseph University, who was not involved in the research. Gibson’s antifreeze compounds will still need to be tested in humans, however, and may be only part of a solution. “We don’t have the whole picture yet, ”do Amaral adds. “It’s not just one magical compound that helps freeze-tolerant organisms survive. It’s a whole suite of adaptations.
28．What will happen if organs are kept for a long time in temperatures below zero? A．They will have ice crystal formation inside. B．They will not suffer permanent damage. C．They will have longer shelf life. D．They will be fit for transplantation.
29．What can we learn about natural antifreeze proteins? A．They look like Gibson’s antifreeze compounds.
B．They are composed of antifreeze molecules harmless to other species. C．They are spiral-shaped and have iron atoms at their centers. D．They can be found in organisms living in freezing cold weather. 30．How are antifreeze molecules prevented from ice crystals? A．By creating compounds both water-repellent and water-loving. B．By extracting the proteins from some hardy animals. C．By making synthetic alternatives like antifreeze proteins. D．By copying spiral-shaped molecules mostly water-resistant. 31．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Push-pull chaos might prevent water molecules from turning into ice. B．The final solution to preserving donor organs has been found recently. C．Chemicals inspired by Arctic animals could lengthen organs’ shelf life. D．Gibson’s antifreeze compounds can do what natural antifreeze proteins do.
D
WISH YOU WERE MORE CREATIVE?
I want to ask you a favor. I have a pair of pants. Tell me: How many different ways can I put a pair of pants to use? Now imagine you're an architect. Same question. Now imagine you're Bill Gates. A scuba diver. A medieval knight. You still have the pants. What alternative uses come to mind?
What you just practiced--the conscious act of \
exercise that, according to psychiatrist SriniPillay, MD, is essential to being creative.
One great irony (讽刺) about our collective addiction to creativity is that we tend
to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: Either we’re “creative” or we aren't, without much of a middle ground. \might say in art class, while another might blame her talent at painting for her difficulties in math, making a comment \
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Dr.Pillay, an assistant professor at Harvard University, has spent years overturning these ideas. He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to challenge the stereotyped (陈词滥调的) advice that urges you to “believe in yourself.” In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else.
He points to a study showing the impact of stereotype on one's behavior. The authors, psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college student subjects into two groups, instructing one group to think of themselves as \
presented them all with ordinary objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. The former group came up with the widest range of ideas, whereas the latter had the fewest.
These results suggest that creativity is not an individual characteristic but a “product of context and perspective”. Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person.
Dr. Pillay's work takes this a step further: He argues that simply identifying yourself as creative is less powerful than taking the brave, creative step of imagining you are somebody else. This exercise, which he calls psychological Halloweenism, refers to the conscious action of “wearing” another self. An actor may employ this technique to get into character, but anyone can use it. According to Dr. Pillay, it works because it is an act of
conscious unfocus, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought. Most people spend nearly half of their days in a state of \human.
Imagining yourself in a new situation, or an entirely new identity, never felt so productive. You’re making yourself more creative, and you're giving yourself permission to do something you'd otherwise feel guilty about. 32．What’s the function of the questions in paragraph 1? A．To lead in the topic. B．To make a comparison. C．To state an opinion. D．To ask a favor. 33．The study led by Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar proves_____ A．creativity is an individual characteristic B．librarians are more creative than poets C．ordinary objects can improve creativity D．your creativity is determined by yourself
34．According to Dr. Pillay, Halloweenism works because ______. A．it is an act of unconscious focus
B．certain brain areas begin to act together C．people are in a state of laziness D．all actors employ this technique
35．If you want to be more creative, you are supposed to _______. A．focus on a specific task B．believe in your own talent C．pretend to be someone else D．turn to be right-brained 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
Have you ever wondered that the food you eat everyday can tell you about where you come from? Have you ever wondered why people from different parts of the world eat different types of food? 36． There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think.
37． It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate foods from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.
On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. 38． . Immigrants bring it wherever
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they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness.
Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. 39． Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes.
We should embrace our heritage(传统)through our culture's food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. 40． A．Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such. B．On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. C．The smell and taste of the food is very familiar to me. D．It also operates as an expression of culture identity.
E．Therefore, they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. F．Do you ever ask yourself why certain foods or cooking traditions are so important to your culture? G．As the world becomes more globalized, it is easier to access foods from different cultures. 第三部分 语言应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
From all the research I've done,a good learner possesses some key attributes(特质). I've actually found some quotes(引文)that 41 these attributes.
The first quote is 42 an ancient Chinese proverb:A teacher can only open the door.You must walk through.
Every school in the world should make this amazing quote its 43 .When a teacher teaches you new information,she is opening the door in your brain to that new knowledge.However,that door doesn't stay open.Like most doors,it's 44 to close within a short period of time. If you don't pass through 45 it closes,then your teacher will have to open it for you again.
But there's a twist:You can keep the door open longer,even without your teacher.Good learners review new material while it's still 46 in their brain.If you don't review,then it's like asking a teacher to open the door and then standing 47 while it shuts in your face.You and the teacher will both feel pretty 48 .
Just like becoming fit is 10%working out and 90êting right,learning English is 10% learning new information and 90% repetition.You'll never get 49 if you don't review.
Our second quote,which is an 50 powerful one,comes from Peter Drucker,the founder of modern business management theory.He said,\
Drucker is saying that if you want to manage the progress of something,you must 51 progress. For example,\ 52
setting such goals.Instead,we should 53 Drucker's wisdom and make our goals trackable,such as“I want to master all of the English vowels(元音)”or“I want to learn and be able to use 1000 English words.”
54 ,you should set a period for achieving it.Don't make it too long,or you'll lose motivation. 4 weeks-3 months is usually a good choice.Imagine learning to use 1000 English words in conversation in 2 months!That sounds 55 . 41．A．convey B．dismiss C．delay D．provide 42．A．previously B．actually C．finally D．formally 43．A．logo B．slogan C．motto D．remark 44．A．advised B．wished C．required D．designed
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