2019-2020学年人教版英语八年级下册
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world？
知识点
Section A部分知识点
1．It’s 8,844 meters high. 它有8,844米高。
It is … meters high (long, wide，tall, thick, deep，old…). 它是……米高（长,宽……)。
“有多长（宽，高……）”时：Tom is 10 years old. Tom is 1.2meters tall. 基数词+度量（meters/feet/years)+形容词（high (long, wide，tall, thick, deep，old）
2. 这个湖有多深？ 1025米深。
How deep is the lake? It’s 1,o25 meters deep. 3. How big is the Sahara?
The Sahara is about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size.面积约960万平方千米。
4.China has the biggest population in the world.中国是世界上人口最多的国家。 population集合名词“人口，人口数量”；常用a~,the ~ 1）What’s the population of…?总人口多少？
（用what提问，the population做主语，动词是单数is） 2）India has a large population.印度人口众多。（用large/big表多、small表少） China has a population of 1.3 billion.有13亿人口。
3）About sixty percent of the population in China are farmers. 分数、百分数修饰population做主语时，动词是复数。 4）The population of China is bigger than that of the USA.(that代替population) 5. Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour. 在今天的长城游中，大家尽管随意问我任何问题。 feel free to do sth 随意做某事
--Can I use your bathroom? --Yes, feel free.
6.The main reason was to protect their part of the country.
To do sth.作表语； protect...from/against保护...免受（的侵害）
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight. 他带着太阳镜以保护眼睛免受强烈的阳光伤害。 ( protection不可数 )
7. As you can see就像你看到的一样;正如你所看到的
8. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知，再没有像它这样在的人造物体了
1) as far as I know 据我所知；as far as就…而言；2）man-made objects 人造物体
9. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. 喜马拉雅山脉绵延中国的西南部。run along 跨越/贯穿/延伸… …
10. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous. 在群山中，珠穆朗玛峰是最高的，也是最著名的。
11. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. 山顶上浓云覆盖，而且雪可能下得很大。
12.Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.
1) freezing weather冰冻的天气，极其寒冷的天气 2) include动词
3) including介词：There are 40 boys, including me.
13.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。
take in air呼吸空气；take in吸入，吞入
14. The first people to reach the top第一批到达顶部的人
1） the first one to do sth. 第一个做某事的人； 2）reach the top 到达顶峰
15. The first woman to succeed was Junko. If you work hard, you’ll succeed.
The boy succeeded in passing the exam.成功地通过考试；
succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事（succeed动词“成功”;success“成功”不可数；“成功者/物”可数;successful形容词） 16. They did so.代替reach the top这件事 17. risk their lives冒生命危险
18. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。
1）challenge themselves 挑战自己；challenge sb. to (do) sth. 向某人挑战 2）in the face of difficulties 面临/面对危险; in the face of...面对... 19. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.
这些登山者的精神向我们表明：我们决不应该放弃实现自己的梦想的尝试。
1）give up doing sth 放弃做某事; He gave up smoking after he got out of the hospital.
2) achieve one’ s dream =make our dream come true实现某人的梦想；
He made great achievements in these 10 years.这10年来他取得了巨大的成就。（名词） 20. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. 它也显示了人类有时能比自然的力量更强大。
1) the forces of nature 自然界的力量；nature不可数； force可数/不可数 The force of public opinion is terrible sometimes.有时舆论的力量是可怕的。 2）force sb. to do sth.迫使某人做某事(force动词) 21. even though 虽然;尽管=even if，引导让步状语从句 though， even though都表示“虽然，即使，尽管”之意，though 语气较弱，even though 带有强调意味而显得语气更强。例如：
1）The article is very important though it is short. 那篇文章虽然很短，但很重要。
2） Mr. Wang will come on time even though it rains.尽管下雨，但王老师会按时来。
Section B部分知识点
1. standing on two legs双腿站立
2. eat 10 kilos of food a day每天吃10千克食物
3. He weighs 50 kilos.体重50公斤。How much does he weigh?他的重量是多少？ He weighed the fish.称…的重量 4. 常用的表达“倍数”的三种句型：
1）A+be+倍数+比较级+than+B. A is three times bigger than B. A比B大三倍。 2）A+be+倍数+as+比较级+as+B A is three times as big as B. A是B 的三倍大。 3) A+be+倍数+计量单位+of+B A is three times the size of B. A是B 的三倍大。
5. at birth 出生时（birth不可数）； his date of his birth他的生日 At birth, a baby panda is about 15 cm long.
Tom was born in 2002.汤姆出生于2002年。 be born...出生于...
6. live up to 20 to 30 years活到二、三十岁； up to 达到，至多，不少于 7. prepare…for… 为…作准备 endangered animals 濒危动物 8. be awake 醒着(表语形容词:awake、asleep、ill、afraid)
9. They run over to them with excitement and some of the young pandas even walk into their friends and fall over…
它们兴奋地跑过去，其中一些甚至撞上自己的伙伴面跌倒。
1) run over 跑上前去; She ran over to say hello, but I haven’t remember her. 2) walk into 撞上
Because he was thinking about his bad grades, when he was walking he walked straight into a tree.
3) fall over 摔倒，向前摔倒; Many trees fell over after the storms. fall over sth 被某物绊倒
4) with/ in excitement 兴奋地（excitement不可数） 10. a symbol of China
11. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2000 pandas living in the forests. 科学家们说，如今生活在现存森林里的熊猫不足2000只。
1)There be...doing“有...正在...”There is a boy playing soccer.有个男孩在踢球。
the girls singing under the tree.现在分词短语作定语； 2)fewer than少于，不足(修饰可数名词） 12. or so 大约（数词/ 时间+or so）；He lived here for ten years or so. 13. every two years 每两年
14. die from illness(外因：事故，缺乏食物)； die of (内因：疾病，年老，忧伤) die from/ of cancer死于癌症（疾病from=of）；illness可数/不可数 15. cut down the forests 砍伐林木；bamboo forests竹林
16. As the forest get smaller and other humans activities cause more problems, pandas cannot find enough to eat and they are having fewer babies. 17. do research to better understand the habits of pandas
do some research in/on…在研究…（research常作不可数名词）
18.Jump high out of the water高高跃出水面; jump out of ...从...跳出来；out of脱离...，出... sea life海洋生物; water pollution水污染 19. be in danger 处于危险之中
语法：形容词的原级、比较级
●1.同等比较用原级,用as+原级+as，译为:“和…一样”。This tree is as tall as that tree.
●2.优势比较用比较级,比较级+than “比…更” 1) –er … than → I am thinner than.
2) more…than → I am more outgoing than you. ●3. 劣势比较用 “不如”
? 1）not+so/ as+原级+as Tom doesn’t run as/so fast as Mike. ? 2）less+原级+than Jim runs less slowly than Peter. ●4. 构成的不规则变化:8年级上册课本P114
e.g. 1） good / well – better – best 2） bad / badly/ill – worse – worst
3）many / much – more – most 4） little – less – least 5）far – farther – farthest
-- further（进一步） -- furthest（最大程度的） 6）old—older—oldest
---elder年长（兄妹）--eldest
? 7）特例：shy—shyer—shyest ●5. 讲述单个人、物情况时用原级。（注意划线的词） He is very old now. 他现在很老了。 They ran quite fast. 它们跑得相当快。
The weather looks rather bad. 天气看上去相当糟 I am so happy. 我是如此的快乐
●6.much/a lot, even, still, a little/bit, far+比较级
表示“…的多”, “甚至…”, “更…”, “…一点”。 e.g. 1) This city is much more beautiful than before. 2) She’s a little more outgoing than me. ●7. “越来越……”
1）“比较级＋and＋比较级” It’s getting worse and worse. 2）多音节比较级用“more and more＋形容词”形式。如： The group became more and more popular. ●8.The +比较级，the +比较级 “越…越…”
The busier she was , the happier she felt.
The more we get together, the happier we’ll be. (表条件) ? The more , the better.
●9.of the two的用法（用the特指） Tom is the taller of the two boys.
Which do you like better ,the bigger one or the smaller one? ●10. “Which / Who is + 比较级…？”
比较A、B两事物, 问其中哪一个较……时用此句型。如： Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one? Who is more active, Mary or Kate? ●11. 注意：
1) than后面接代词时, 一般要用主格，口语可用宾格。 如：My brother is taller than I/me/（I am）. 2) 进行比较的人和物必须是同一类。
My books are more than yours.= I have more books than you. I have longer hair than Tom.=My hair is longer than Tom’s. Tom is taller than any other boy. {=the other boys} {=the girls}
The population of China is bigger than that of the USA. 最高级：
1.Wang Lin is the tallest in our class.
This theater is the cheapest of the three. 2.Lisa is one of my best friends.
3.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
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