外研版高二英语选修八 Module 3-4 复习练习题
一、阅读理解
A
If you have ever tried a new sport or attempted learning a musical instrument, you are well aware that the hardest part is getting started. Once you figure out the technique, the skills return fairly easily, even if they are not used for long periods of time. Most experts attribute this to “muscle memory”， which means the brain remembers the action and can recall it when needed. Now some researchers from John Hopkins University believe there is another factor that may be as important in recalling previously learned motor skills—the errors made while learning the task.
The study led by Reza Shadmehr, Professor of Biomedical Engineering, involved asking volunteers to play a simple video game: hitting a red target dot with a slightly smaller blue dot, similar to playing virtual games. What the gamers did not know was that as soon as they mastered the game, the researchers reprogrammed it by moving the blue dot slightly off-course, thereby forcing them to restart the learning process. What the scientists observed was that though the volunteers did make mistakes every time the game was changed, they got successively faster at mastering it.
Shadmehr believes that this has something to do with the fact that in addition to delivering the task to muscle memory, the brain is also recognizing each wrong move and learning how to correct it. He compares it to having a coach that points out the mistakes and makes suggestions on how to improve.
What surprises the scientists most is that making mistakes not only trains the brain to perform better at a specific task, but also helps it learn faster from errors, even when the mistakes are made while learning a completely different task. The researchers believe that the brain keeps a general database of errors and draws_on them whenever a new motor skill is being learned, to ensure that mistakes are not repeated. This helps make successive learning processes much faster. 1．Which example can explain the “muscle memory”？ A．One can finish a task better than others. B．One can remember a thing for a long time. C．One can master a game faster than others. D．A skill that one mastered before can return easily. 2．What happened when the scientists changed the game?
A．The gamers couldn't hit the target. B．The gamers became very puzzled. C．The gamers found it easy to play. D．The gamers made some mistakes. 3．The underlined phrase “draws on” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. A．gets rid of
B．goes on with
C．makes use of D．gets ready for
4．What probably made the scientists surprised most?
A．Everyone has muscle memory. B．Errors can help us learn faster. C．The brain is magical and powerful. D．Playing video games is beneficial.
B
I was appreciating my family photos on my computer, admiring my two beautiful babies, when I found a disturbing trend: my laptop was open in almost all the pictures. There was my daughter, 8 months old, playing at my feet while I was typing away on the couch. There was me and my son, with the laptop at my side as I held him in my arms.
I'd heard about the Internet addiction before, but always assumed it was something limited to socially challenged guys who played too much World of Warcraft (a computer game). Now it seemed my Internet “habit” is slowly but surely crossing the line. Sometimes I find myself up at midnight, surfing the Web while my family are sleeping. I read news, keep up with friends and write my blog... just for something to do.
It turns out that I'm not the only mama who is addicted to the computer. These moms are contributing to a growing global addiction. There's a movement among psychiatrists (doctors who specialize in mental diseases) to recognize the Internet addiction as an official mental disorder. And a recent Stanford University national survey found that 14 percent of Internet users find it hard to stay away from it for several days at a time; 9 percent try to hide their “unnecessary Internet use” from their loved ones; 8 percent admit they use the Web as a way to escape problems.
You're likely not the kind of addict who doesn't bathe and abuses drugs to help her stay “up” for more online time. You may have noticed, though, that going online has become a necessary part of your life, which, at least, means a load of clothes go unwashed. It may also mean you're missing much time with your baby—something you probably do care about. 5．From Paragraph 1, we can conclude that ________. A．the author was busy taking care of her babies B．the author's job had something to do with computers C．the author was not good at taking photos of her babies D．the author looked after her babies while using the computer 6．The author used to think that the Internet addiction is ________. A．using the web at midnight B．keeping up with friends online C．spending too much time online D．being addicted to computer games 7．In medical terms, the Internet addiction is ________.
A．a personal life habit B．a way to escape problems C．an official mental disorder D．the unnecessary use of the Internet
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“There's a movement among psychiatrists (doctors who specialize in mental diseases) to recognize the Internet addiction as an official mental disorder.”可知C项正确。
8．What does the author want to express in the last but one paragraph? A．Many women still can control their online time. B．The Internet addiction influences housewives' lives a lot. C．Going online has become a necessary part of women's lives. D．Many people don't realize that they are addicted to the Internet.
二、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
__1__ She described all the things she had to do—one was to make her bed—from the moment she woke up until she flew out of the door for work.I suggested she experiment by not making her bed for two weeks.She was shocked，probably thinking I'd been raised by wolves in a forest.__2__
Two weeks later she went into my office beaming.She had left her bed unmade for the first time in 42 years? and nothing bad had happened.“And you know what？”she said.“I don't dry my dishes anymore，either.”
__3__ One was discovering that she had choices in her life that she had never seen before.The other was giving herself permission to be less than perfect.This story shows an important principle (原理) about managing time：No one can do it all.Each of us has to make choices and accept trade-offs.The problem is，many people choose in ways that put themselves and their health last.They take better care of their houses and cars than they do of themselves.__4__
So what is the solution？There's an easy way.Decide what you want in your life，and put that first.On a daily basis，that should include regular meals，enough sleep and time with your family.Exercise，leisure，friendships and hobbies should also be regular aspects of life.__5__ The choice is yours：whatever makes you feel good about yourself and your life.Take a nap.Take a walk.Take time to play the piano.Stop bringing your briefcase home from the office.Stop keeping your house as clean as your mother kept hers .Fill more of your time with want-to-dos instead of have-to-dos.
A．This woman had made two major breakthroughs (突破)． B．Above all，you needn't do anything for yourself regularly. C．They put everyone else's needs ahead of their own. D．However，she went along with my idea.
E．Most people do not take time to relax themselves. F．The point is to do something for yourself every day. G．A patient came to see me about the stress in her life.
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 We're human, and it's not always easy to get along with everyone all the time. Sometimes we hurt other people's feelings without intending to. Sometimes，we're __1__(deliberate) mean and we feel bad afterward. So we apologize. Apologies are one of the tools we use to build good friendships and relationships.__2__ you say“I'm sorry” (and really mean it), it's because you probably feel bad that something you did or said hurt the other person. Saying you're sorry is more than just words. You're also saying that you respect the other person __3__ you care about his or her feelings. Apologizing shows you have empathy.
After apologizing，you might feel a little __4__(good)．The other person probably will, too. When you apologize in a caring way, you can feel good because you are trying to make things right again.
Sometimes a heartfelt“I'm sorry” __5__(fix) everything right away. Other times，it might take __6__ while for someone to get past feeling upset. You may need to give the other person some time. Even after you say you're sorry, you might still feel bad about what you said or did—but you can feel good about apologizing, fixing the mistake, or making up your __7__ to do better. When someone apologizes to you，you may welcome it and be ready to forgive __8__ happened and move on. Or you might not feel like being friendly again right away. If a person keeps hurting you and __9__ (apologize)without making an effort to change，you might not want to hang about __10__ that person any more.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
四、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(\\)划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The winter holiday is coming，which made me excited. I have been looking forward at relaxing myself. I'd like to go skating，climb mountains and see several movie. I think I can play the basketball with my classmates. How a wonderful time I'll have during the winter holiday！
However，my parents think different. They don't want me go out. They are afraid I'll be knocked down by a truck，fallen off a tree，or fight with others. Besides，they are afraid I will lose my way. I hate being treated like a bird keeping in a cage. To get more freedom，so I will try to persuade them.
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