固定搭配
1、 be responsible for sth/doing sth; be responsible to sb—— 正确
be responsible to do sth——错误
have a responsiblility to do; take responsibility for sth/doing sth 2、 consider sth sth
3、 than (sb) (had) expected/anticipated/estimated, 后不加宾语 4、 one another; each the other; each other; some others 5、 permit n/doing/sb to do/介词+n ——正确
permit that/sb doing/sth to be done; sb be permitted sth——错误 6、 make sth sth/ make sth adj (to do)——正确
make sth done——错误
7、 estimated to be，it is estimated that——正确；estimated at+表示价格等数量词 8、 the way in which/+句子/to do
9、 几分之一：多用one in four/one out of four，少用one of four 10、be necessary to do——正确；be necessary for/in doing——错误 11、土生土长于某地：be native to
12、be liable to do; be liable to/for sth——正确； be liable that——错误 13、can强调可能性，be able to 强调能力（不可be able to be done）
14、prohibit/prevent/stop/keep sb/sth from doing; sb/sth be prohibited from doing; prohibit sth——正确
prohibit that; prohibit sth from being done——错误 forbit sb to do sth; forbit doing sth; forbit sth——正确 forbit that, forbit sb from doing ——错误
15、require sb to do; require that; require of sb that; sth be required of sb；require doing 16、have difficulty/trouble in doing
17、find/deem/make it + adj + to do；find sth to be/as —错误 18、substitute A for B 用A 代替B
19、with the intention/aim of，注of 不可用to 替代
20、attribute A to B, A is attribute to B，注to是介词，只能加n,不可加be/do 21、be credited with/to， with/to 是介词
22、动作性名词强调结果,ing形式强调动作、行为
23、persuade sb to do——正确； persuade that——错误 24、sth be expected to do; it is expected that——正确 25、claim to do, claim that——正确
26、allow doing; allow sb to do; allow sb/sth to be done; allow that表示承认 27、call for+ 名词/名词短语——正确； call for sth to do——错误 28、model after 仿照、模仿
29、if only because算是正确搭配
30、the possibility of doing sth/that——正确；the possibility to do ——错误
31、pay some money for sth花钱买东西， pay some money for doing sth 表示因做某事而赔偿多少钱
32、believe sth; believe sth to be; believe that
33、decide to do/decide on 决定做 34、rule on对…作出裁决
35、merge A with B ——正确；merge A and B——错误 36、mistake A for B
37、use sth as sth; use sth to do sth 38、likelihood + of, be likely to do
39、help to do/sb to do; helpful in doing
40、compare A with B 比较，同类事物；compare A to B比喻，不同类事物 41、at point, at equator, at pole, aim at doing
42、try to do/doing——正确；try and do/ try that——错误 43、distinguish A from B/ distinguish between A and B
44、something/ anything/nothing/things/someone/anyone/no one/ones 定语后置 45、encourage sth/sb to do sth——正确； encourage doing/ sth to be done——错误 46、food allergies泛指食物过敏； an allergy to some food 特指食物过敏 47、besides除了还有，包括——同类
except除了，不包括——同类
except for 除了，不包括——不同类
48、according to 根据， in accordance with与……一致 49、keep sth under control; in control of
50、order sb to do sth/ that+虚拟/sth to be done——正确；order sth——错误
51、propose sht/doing/sb to do/that+虚拟——正确；propose sth to be done——错误 52、credit sb with sth/doing；be credited with doing 53、at speed
54、as be the case(with……) 表明后者是前面概述的一个情况 55、effort to do
56、immune to不受影响， immune from 受保护，豁免
eg. You will eventually become immune to criticism.你终究会变得不在乎批评
Not even the president was immune from criticism by the press. 甚至总统也未能免遭新闻界的批评
57、risk of sth, risk of doing sth, risk doing
58、jump:若jump表示数量/水平的进步到一定程度，+介词to
可以v +n to be done的词：order、allow
不可加that的词： permit, persuade, prohibit, forbid
错误情况
1、 重复：
(1) the possibility that…might do应改为 the possibility that…do (2) now和 currently (3) regain和again
(4) it seems likely that和 may be (5) from to 和up、down (6) double和increase (7) opposition against (8) gain/achieve
(9) annually/every year (10) with/include
(11) by the name of/be known as (12) with, by use of (13) superiority/over
(14) increase, rise, raise, grow, soar (15) from…to…/then 2、状语：
(1) 状语从句不可修饰名词或介词短语
(2) 状语的位置不可随意改变，eg.从从句中移到主句中（白勇96 Q26） 3、differ from, similar to放于句首永远错
4、极端修饰词位置的更改和缺失：first, last, only
5、强烈语气词的缺失：any, not unlike, whatever/whoever/however
6、口语化的表达方式：hopefully—it is hoped; when you, if you; maybe—probably 7、主观色彩：be to do, be going to 8、concerning最好改成above, over
9、把like改成seem, 把as改成as if——错误 10、every one应改为all/each
特殊使用：
Prep 2
8. (24773-!-item-!-188;#058&001691) A
Ozone, a special form of oxygen that screens out harmful ultraviolet rays, reaches high concentrations twelve miles above Earth, where it has long appeared that it was immune from human influence; we have now realized, though, that emissions of industrial chlorofluorocarbons deplete the ozone layer.
(A) has long appeared that it was immune from (B) has long appeared to have been immune from (C) has long appeared as being immune to (D) had long appeared immune to
(E) had long appeared that it was immune to
9. (24819-!-item-!-188;#058&001693) B
The Environmental Protection Agency frequently puts mandatory controls on toxic substances that present as little risk as one in a million chances to cause cancer.
(A) as little risk as one in a million chances to cause (B) as little risk as one chance in a million of causing (C) as little risk as one chance in a million that it will cause (D) a risk as little as one chance in a million for causing (E) a risk as little as one chance in a million for it to cause
如何看题：as little as…用于修饰risk，先不看，根据固定搭配risk of sth/doing sth, risk doing即可选出B，one chance in a million 与little 对应，功能对称
20. (25474-!-item-!-188;#058&002354) (c , D改变原意)
The human nervous system and a telephone system superficially resemble each other, not only because the former carries information in the form of electrical impulses and because all of its neural pathways converge in the brain and spinal cord, which together form a kind of central exchange.
(A) The human nervous system and a telephone system superficially resemble each other, not only because the former carries
(B) The human nervous system and a telephone system bear a superficial resemblance because they both carry
(C) The human nervous system bears a superficial resemblance to a telephone system both because the former carries
(D) Superficially, a telephone system resembles the human nervous system both because they carry
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