Unit 2 Robots 导学案3
学习目标
让学生学习动词不定式的被动语态的用法；
预习案
语法感知： 动词不定式的被动语态的用法；
1. The company`s new car is going to be tested out in the coming months. 2. Since Claire had become attached to Tony, the robot needed to be rebuilt. 3. Tim refused to be accompanied by his father when he went for a haircut. 4. The desire to be known as a great writer inspires many young authors. 5. He felt it was absurd to be filled with hate for someone he had never met. 6. The new product is available to be designed by interested customers. 7. She was very beautiful but she did not like to be envied by so many people
8. Since these aprons are of such poor quality, they need to be set aside and taken back to the shop. 思考：
动词不定式的被动形式是：一般式：____________ 完成式：______________ 回顾：
动词不定式可以作哪些句子成分：
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ____________
探究案
动词不定式的被动语态
一、概念：如果动词不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式表示的动作的承受者而非发出者,就要用动词不定式的被动形式。动词不定式一般式的被动式由“to be＋过去分词”构成,动词不定式完成式的被动式由“to have been＋过去分词”构成。
①He asked to be sent to work in a middle school.他要求被派到中学工作。 ②The man went into the room to be questioned.这男人进入房间接受审问。 二、句法作用：
1. 作主语；
Sometimes to be understood is not an easy job. It is an honor to be invited to speak here. 2.作表语：
The new bridge is to be completed next spring.
This kind of washing machine seems to be widely used in our city. 3.作宾语：
She hates to be laughed at.
Tom asked to be given another opportunity to try again. 4.作宾语补足语：
He wanted the boy to be punished for telling lies. The boss ordered the work to be done at once. 5作定语：
He is a man to be defeated easily. It is the first project to be designed by her. 6.做状语：
She was too young to be assigned such work She is sent abroad to be trained.
He hurried to the station, only to be told the train had left. 三、注意事项；
(1)在there＋be引起的句子中,用来修饰主语的不定式可用被动式,也可用主动形式,意思往往差别不大。
There is a lot of work to do/be done.有许多工作要做。
(2)如果逻辑主语不出现,只要在意义上是被动的,不定式仍用被动式。
It's a great honor to be elected a delegate to the Seventeenth Congress of the Communist Party of China.被选为中国共产党第17次全国代表大会的代表是很大的荣誉。
(3)如果不定式表示的是一个比谓语动作发生得更早的动作,这时不定式可用完成式的被动式。
The novel is said to have been translated into seven languages. 据说这本小说已被译成了7种语言。
四、在下列情况下通常用不定式的主动语态表示被动含义。 ①句子的主语是不定式动作的执行者。 I want to buy a magazine to read during the journey. 我想买本杂志在旅途中看。
②不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的执行者。 The book is difficult for her to understand. 这本书对她来说很难懂。
③在to let(出租),to blame(应受谴责),to seek(寻找)等习惯用法中,不定式都具有主动形式,但却都有被动的含义。
She is not the woman to blame. 不要责怪她。
训练案
I.单项选择
1. His first book ________next month is based on a true story. A. published
B.to be published C.to publish D. being published
2. Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ________ first is the library. A. repaired B. being repaired C. repairing D.to be repaired 3. There were many talented actors out there just waiting________. A.to discover B. to be discovered C. discovered D. being discovered
4. It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness________. A.to make B. to be made C. making D. being made
5. It remains ________ whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals. A. seen B.to be seen C. seeing D. to see
6. He hurried to the booking office only ________ that all the tickets had been sold out. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
7. As the twentieth century came to a close, the raw materials for a great national literature were at hand, waiting________.
A.to use B. to be used C. to have used D. to be using 8. This famous city is a very pleasant place________.
A. to visit B. to visit in C. to be visited D. to visit it 9. Just a minute. The food is too hot________. A. to be eaten B. to eat C. to eat it D. not to eat 10. His sister disappeared, never ________ again.
A. to hear from B. to hear C. to be heard D. to be heard from 11. I'm going to Beijing. Do you have anything ________ to your son? A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. taken
12. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears ________ everything. A.to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. He said he was________(send) there to attend an important meeting next Friday. 2. She didn't want her son________(take) away.
3. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears______(tell) everything. 4. She is busy preparing for the exams________(hold) next month. 5. He hurried to the station only________(tell) that the train had left. 6. Tom refused________(accompany) by his father to school. 7. My little sister should love________(take) to the zoo today. 8. Could you please give me something________(eat)? 9. The teacher asked us________(not make) so much noise. 10. ________(tell) you the truth, I'm against you.
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