专题二 介词、介词短语和动词短语
知识清单
方位介词：above, across, along, among, around, at, below, beside, between, down 时间介词：after, at, before, by, during, for, from, in, on, over, since, through, till, 介词 until, within 表工具、手段、方式的介词：by, on , over, with, in 表示支持、反对的介词：with, for, from, of, over 其他常用介词：besides, except, but, with, by, beyond, about, on, of等 常用介词短语、搭配 动词+介词：account for, act as, adapt to, add up, add to, adjust to, agree with, agree to, agree on, aim at, appeal to, approve of, belong to, benefit from, break 介词、 动词短语 down, break off, break into, break through, burst into, call for, care about, care for, carry on, concentrate on, consist of, date from, deal with, depend on, do with, dream of, enter for, exchange?for， feed on，focus on，insist on, know of, learn from, listen to, long for, look after, look for, look into, object to, refer to, result from, result in , run into, send for, stand for, stick to, succeed in, suffer 动词 from, think about, turn to, worry about 等 短语 动词+副词+介词：add up to, break away from, catch up with, date back to, do well in, get down to, get on with, look down upon, look forward to, team up with 等 动词+名词+介词：catch sight of, do harm to, have an effect on, lose sight of, make fun of, make room for, make sentence with, make use of, pay attention to, play a part in, play a role in, play a trick on, set an example to, show interest in, show respect for, take a message for, take advantage of, take care of, take notice of, take part in, take the place of 等
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考点清单
考点一 介词及介词短语
一、 介词的分类 （1） 表示空间关系的介词
at, (a)round, by, on, in, under, over, above, below, behind, in front of, inside, outside, beside, among, near to, away from, off, beyond, past, up, across, opposite
（2） 表示时间的介词
At, on, in, between, since, for, during, until, till, by, after, before, from?to
（3） 表示方式、方法、手段介词
With/in/by用（表示行为的工具、手段或方式） By/in/on 用，乘（表示旅行的方式）
（4） 表示方向的介词
to, at, from, into, out of, along, (a)round, for, off
（5） 环绕，围绕
Above, over
（6） 表示“除??以外”的介词
Except, besides, but, other than(=except), apart/aside from
（7） 表示“关于”的介词
on, about, of
（8） 表示“具有”“没有”的介词
With, without
（9） 表示“原因”的介词
Because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, on account of, as a result of, with, for, at, of
（10）表示“代替”的介词
Instead of, in place of
二、 常考介词短语
1. 介词与名词的常用搭配
（1）at+n.表示状态
at a loss 不知所措 at breakfast 早餐时 at peace 处于和平中 at rest 静止，不动 at sea 在海上，航海 at war 在战争中 at work 在工作 （2）at+n.表示时间
at Chrismas 在圣诞节 at dusk 在黄昏
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at dawn 在黎明 at daybreak 在拂晓 at midnight 在午夜 at night 在夜里 at noon 在正午 at present 目前 at sunrise 日出时 （3）以at开头组成的短语 at the beginning of 在??的开始 at the cost of 以??的代价
1. Add
add??to 把??加到??上面 add to 增添 add up to加起来总共 add up把??加起来 2. Agree
Agree on 就??达成共识 Agree to 同意
Agree with 同意，适合，和??一致 3. Break
Break away from 脱离，突然挣脱 Break down 失败，被搞垮，分解，（机器或车辆等）出故障，坏掉 Break into 强行闯入 Break in on 打断，搅扰 Break out 爆发 Break up 解散 Break off 停顿，中断 Break through 突破 4. Bring
Bring about 引起，造成
Bring down 使倒下；降低（价格） Bring in 赚得 Bring on 引起，导致
Bring sth on 促使（作物、水果等）生长 Bring out阐明 Bring up 抚养；呕吐 Bring forward 提出
Bring sth forward 将（??的日期或时间）提前 5. Call
Call for 需要；需求
Call in on sb = drop in on sb，call in at sb =drop in at sb 顺便拜访某人
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Call in 找来，请来；召集 Call off 取消
Call upon 请/叫（某人做某事） Call on 号召 Call out 喊，叫
Call up 使想起某事物，使回忆起某物 6. Care
Care for 在意，关心；照顾，照料 Would you care for sth = Would you like sth（礼貌用语）你喜欢/要??吗？ Care about 关心，关怀 7. Carry
Carry on 进行；继续进行下去 Carry out 完成；履行
Carry sth through=complete sth successfully 顺利完成，顺利实现 8. Catch
Catch fire=start to burn 着火 Catch one’s breath 恢复正常呼吸 Catch one’s eye/attention 引起某人的注意 Catch on= understand 理解 Be caught in=be stuck in 被困住 Get caught in=be hooked in 被钩住 Catch sight of 看见 Catch up with赶上 9. Check
Check in （在旅馆、机场等）登记 Check in one’s luggage （托运）行李 Check out 结账离开（旅馆等） 10. Come
Come true 变成现实 Come about 发生
Come across （无意中）碰到，找到；被理解，被弄懂 Come on 快点儿
Come out 出版；开花；考试结果??，考第??名
Come out with说出（尤指令人吃惊或粗鲁的话）
When it comes to 谈到，涉及
Sth/sb come to light 被发现，被大家知道 Come up 被提及 Come up with提出 Come to oneself 苏醒过来 Come to an end结束
Come into effect/force开始生效
Come to a conclusion/decision 得出结论/作出决定
Come into being/existence 开始存在，成立，产生
Come to power 开始执政 11. Cut
Cut sth off 切断，切下来
Cut out （马达或发动机）突然熄火，停止运转；戒掉，不吃 Cut up 切碎 Cut down 砍倒
Cut sth down 削减，减少 Cut through 开辟（出路或通道） 12. Die
Die away/down（指风、声、光等）逐渐减弱，逐渐平息
Die out 灭绝，不复存在 Die for 极度渴望 13. Do
Do up 包，扎，系，捆；整理，收拾 Do oneself up 梳妆打扮 Do away with 废除 Do harm to sb. 对??有害 Do good to sb. 对??有好处
Do without （sb./with）（尤与can或could连用）不用或没有某人/某物也行 Have something/nothing/a lot to do with与??有些/没有/有很大关系 14. End
End up with以??告终 End up sth with sth 以??结束 End up 最后（有某种结局/成了） End in 以??告终，结果是?? 15. Fall
Fall behind 落后于
Fall in love with 爱上，喜欢上 Fall down 不能令人满意，不够好 Fall into=be divided into 被分成 Fall in with = agree with 赞同 16. Fix
Fix the date for约定??的日期 Fix one’s attention on 注意 17. Get
Get back 回来，取回 Get up 起床，起身
Get sb through 给??接通电话 Get through 用完；通过；做完 Get round 消息传开
Get along/on with （与某人）和睦相处 Get away from 摆脱 Get down to开始认真做某事 Get over 克服，摆脱（某种情绪） Get rid of 摆脱，去掉 Get in 收集或收获某物
Get across 被理解；把??讲清楚 Get away with it 侥幸逃脱 18. Give
Give away 捐赠，赠送；泄露，暴露 Give in to 勉强同意
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