石渡收购站等7个企业。 次年，地质学家徐克勤到区内考察，在瑶岗仙和苗滩等地发现大型矽卡岩钨矿床，为中国最早发现的白钨矿床。 民国36年（1947） 郴县兴中、华光、天明、鼎和公司，桂阳田鸿、人和、中和公司，临武光荣、大安、三才、光明、胜利、新华、光华公司建立，开采石墨矿。
Time Han Dynasty, “Yuanshou” 4th year (119 BC) Events There were 40 Ministry of Mining offices national wise, with only 1 office located south of Changjiang river inGuiyang. Chenzhou begun iron ore mining. The Imperial Court set up silver, lead and copper mines at Mt. Dacou, Changfuping amd Luziyou in the district of Pingyang. The officials also hired miners and set annual production target for these mines. The Imperial Court set up tin and arsenic mine named DashunKu at Mt. Lanshan in Pingyang. (Leiping Non-ferrous mine) The Imperial Court announced that the mines at Mt. Dacou are exempt from tax. Guiyang mining supervisor Zhang Ling wrote
Tang Dynasty, “Shenlong” 1st year (705) Tang Dynasty, “Dashun” 1st year (890) Song Dynasty, “Kaibao” 5th year (972) Song Dynasty, “Qingli” Period (1041-1048) Song Dynasty, “Zhenghe”2nd year (1112) Song Dynasty, “Jianyan” Period (1127-1130) Song Dynasty, “Jingding” Period (1260 - 1264) Ming Dynasty, “Wanli” 24th year (1596) Ming Dynasty, “Wanli” 36th year (1608) Ming Dynasty, “Chongzhen” 8th year (1635) Changsha, Yichun, Shaoguan and its surrounding cities. The rebellion army disarmed by 1639. In September, Zhang Xianzhong led an army of Ming Dynasty, “Chongshen” 16th year (1643) farmers and invaded Chenzhou,Guiyang, they were welcomed by the local farmers and miners. In December, Nangan general led an imperial army to suppress the rebellion, which led to the retreat of Zhang’s army back to Sichuan. stNanming Dynasty, “Hongguang” 1 year In May, Zhu Yan from the imperial Zhu clan recruited around 10,000 miners and claim the (1645) control of Chenzhou, he claim himself “King of Liao”. In October, Zhu Yan was defeated by general Cao Zhijian and lost more than half of his army. The imperial court approved individual mining Qing Dynasty, “Kangxi” 53rd year (1714) activities and set the individual mining tax at 20%. Mines at Mt. Dacou, Huangshaping, Majialing, Leiposhi, Songshubei and Luziyou are back to mining operation, the mining industry in Chenzhou and Guiyang had a rapid development. thThe imperial court established department of Qing Dynasty, “Qianlong” 19 year (1754) copper production in Guiyang and started mining operation at Luziyou mine. Qing Dynasty, “Daoguang” 26th year (1846) The mines in Chenzhou often arouse chaos, fighting and murdering, therefore the local authorities banned mining again, affected areas including Guiyang, Yizhang and Jiahe. Qing Dynasty, “Daoguang” 26th year (Aug, The imperial court authorized the operation of official mines at Guiyang (includes 1846) Fengtongyou, Songshubei, Jiuquanhu and jiezhiling) for sulphur mining. Qing Dynasty, “Daoguang” 28th year (March, Guiyang has produced a total of 436,200 kg 1848) pure sulphur. thrdQing Dynasty, “Daoguang” 28 year (3 Hong Xiuquan led the “Taiping” army invaded Chenzhou and executed Mayor Sun Baoen. July, 1848) Hong also demolished schools and resided at Chen’s family mansion. Hong recruited more than ten of thousands of people including miner to join his rebellion. “Taiping” army also createdthe unit “Tuying”, which specialized in tunnel digging. More than 100 fit young people was recruited to Hong’s personal guard. thBusinessman Zhou Pengnan from Hengshan Qing Dynasty, “Guangxu” 15 year (1889) established Zhenxiang Trading Co. (Sanli Trading Co.) and begun mining operation at Lingwu (Xianghualing Yuxiangku), with daily production worth thousands of silver coins. Qing Dynasty, “Guangxu” period Colonial Japan and Britain invaded the area and took control of Chenzhou mines. The raid cost (1892-1896) 6
Qing Dynasty, “Guangxu” 19th year (1893) Qing Dynasty, “Guangxu” 27th year (1901) Republic of China, 1st year (1912) Republic of China, 4th year (1915) Republic of China, 5th year (1916) Republic of China, 6th year (1917) Republic of China, 19th year (1930) Republic of China, 19th year (1930) Republic of China, 23rd year (Summer, 1934) Qing Dynasty a total of silver 767 liang, food 205,000kg, 600 mu forest destroyed, 1300 mu farms destroyed, killing more than 370 farmer and miners and leaving 400 injured. Wang Fengdou established Fukang Trading Co. and begun lead and zinc mining operation at Jinchuantang. Carlowitz & Co. from Germany begun metal mining at Dongbo. Hunan Provincial Mining Department discovered rich tin ore reserve at Shangziping and Luoping. Three years later, Xianghualing mining department begun mining in these areas, operated by Huachang Trading Co. In 1915, Fuyu Trading Co. discovered wolfram reserve at Yaogangxian and begun mining. This is the start of domestic wolfram mining. Tin and arsenic mines at Guiyang Dashunku, lead and zinc at Lingwu Chashan, lead and tin mines at Chenxian Anyuan and arsenic mines at Jinchuantang were restored and then back to operation. To supply the raw material for provincial mine,Hunan government set up copper department at Luziyou and Wanhuaku to manage the copper mining operations. In January, Baoxiang Trading Co. from Chenxian Jingchuantang agreed a 15 years sales contract to supply Duofu Trading Co. from Germany. In 1918, more than 10 wolfram mining companies were established in Chenxian. Hunan produced a total of 1130 tons of wolfram in 1917, in which around 1000 tons came from Yizhang, Chenxiang, Rucheng and Zixing. In 1918, there were hundreds of mining company in Jingchuantang producing 2000 tons wolfram annually. Hunan government announced Chenxiang, Yongxing, Guiyang, Yichang, Zixing, Rucheng, Guidong, Lingwu, Jiahe he，Anren to be third-rate towns. Provincial Department of Construction set up mining bureau in Rucheng Baiyunxian and claimed the local mine ownership from private company. In November, tin mine in Lingwu Xianghualing installed horizontal diesel engine to generate electricity, with a capability of 16 KW. Guangdong Provincial Department of Construction purchased the ownership of Yangmeishan mine under the approval of the Ministry of Industry. Yangmeishan mine was then under the management of Guangdong 7
Republic of China, (1934 - 1938) Republic of China, 25th year (Sep, 1936) Republic of China, 26th year (10 Aug, 1937) Republic of China, 28th year (Sep, 1939) Republic of China, 35th year (Feb, 1946) Republic of China, 36th year (1947) government. The area reached second wolfram mining climax. There were more than 111 mining companies from Chenzhou, Guiyang, Lingwu, Yizhang, Rucheng and Guidong, 84 of them focus on wolfram and tin mining. Within 5 years, they had produced 7500 tons of wolfram and became the biggest wolfram producing area in the province. In corporation with Guangzhou iron factory construction, the Ministry of Industry allowed Guangdong Ebei company to claim full operation right of Gouyadong coal mine in Yizhang. Chiang Kai-shek ordered president Zeng Yangpu of the Military and Construction Committee, who is also the Mayor of GuangZhou city, to establish Xiangnan Department of Coals and Mines, soon Zixing Sandu mine and Yichang Yangmeishan mine set up mining office. In September, government initiated the construction of coal railway from Xujiadong to Sandu. The railway construction finished in 1941 and was connected to Yuehan railway. The Ministry of Resources set up the Xiangnan Department of Mining in Chenxiang to manage 4 mining company, which include Xiangxing Mining Co. (coal mining in Chenzhou, Yongzhou, Leiyang), Xiangyong mine, Xiangsheng mine, Xianghui mine (coal mining in Yongzhou and Zijiang) and two other mining companies in charge of non-ferrous mining. The government’s Central Finance and Resources Committee set up 2nd district special minerals management service and founded 10 companies. In the district of Chenzhou there were Yaogangxian wolfram engineering service, Licheng and Lifu wolfram mine, Rucheng, Chenxian and Baishidu mineral purchasing service. The next year, geologist Xu Keqing commenced investigation in the area (Yaogangxian and Miaotan) and found the first Scheelite mineral deposite in China. Minging companies like Xingzhong, Huaguang, Tianming, Dinghe, Guiyangtianhong, Renhe, Zhonghe, Lingwuguangrong, Daan, Sancai, Guangming, Shengli, Xinhua, Guanghua were established and begun graphite mining operation.
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