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held tomorrow
The first textbook written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. (201335)
3.后接不定式、动名词的词 (1) 下列动词一般接不定式做宾语
Attempt/afford/arrange/appear/ask/agree/bother/bear
（
承
受
）
/beg/choose/care/claim/consent/contrive/decide/demand/destine/determine/desire/enable/endeavor/expect/fail/happen/hesitate/hope/incline/intend/long(渴望)/ mean(算
意
欲
,
打打
)/manage/neglect/omit/offer/plan/prepare/profess/promise/propose(
算)/pretend/refuse/resolve/seek/swear/threaten/undertake/vow/volunteer/wish 注：不带to的不定式 ①表示生理感觉的动词后
feel/observe/find/overhear/listento/look at/smell/watch/perceive/notice/see/hear ② 使役动词make、let、have
注：上述动词转换为被动结构时，其后不定式带to。
例：I often hear him sing in his room. 变为：He is often heard to sing in his room. The boy was made to go to bed early. (2) 下列动词后一般接动名词做宾语
admit/advise/advocate/anticipate/appreciate/avoid/acknowledge/confess(to)/consider/contemplate(
细
想
)/delay/deny/dislike/defer(
拖
延
)/detest(
嫌
恶)/enjoy/escape/endure/envy/fancy/favor/finish/forgive/imagine/involve/mind/miss/mention/permit/postpone/practise/pardon/prevent/quit/repent 悟)/risk/resume(恢复)/recall(回想)/resist/resent(怨恨)/suggest
例：He enjoys listening to pop music while I prefer classical music. （20105） No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements. （200829） I don’t mind going out for a walk in such bad weather. （200619）
I really appreciate your offering to help me, but I will surely be able to manage by myself. （2006专英17） (3) 以下短语to后接动名词
admit to承认amount to总计apply oneself to致力于
(
悔
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be accustomed to习惯于 be devoted to致力于be equal to等于，胜任 be equivalent to等于be given to沉溺于be opposed to反对 be preferable to比??更好be reduced to陷于 be used to习惯于 confess to坦白contribute to为??做贡献
come near to 近似dedicate/ devote oneself to致力于
don’t feel up to不能胜任get around to找时间做get down to开始，着手 look forward to展望(期待) object to反对own to承认 pay attention to注意 resort to诉诸take to喜欢 When it comes to当谈到
例：Finally the accused confessed to having killed the girl.（200416） When it comes to evaluating schoolwork，the professor will treat his students equally. （200317）
(4) 动词 + sb. + to do sth. 结构，相关动词有：
ask(要求)/allow/assist/advise/authorize(授权)/announce/bribe(收买)/bear(容忍)/beg/compel/command/cause/condemn/count on(依靠，指望)/call on(号召)/drive(驱赶
)/direct(
指
导
)/depend
on/exhort/entitle/encourage/entreat/enable/force/forbid/get(请)/hate/help/inspire/implore/induce/invite/intend/instruct/lead/longfor/need/order/prompt/prefer/press(
迫
使
)/pronounce/pray(
请
求
，
委
托)/permit/persuade/request/recommend/remind/report/require/rely on(依靠,信赖)/summon/show/ train(训练)/tell/tempt/teach/urge/warn/want/wish/wait for (5) 有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式做宾语的差别 ①forget to do 忘记要去做某事（未做） forget doing忘记做过某事（已做过或已发生）
②stop to do 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事
例：I forgot to take an umbrella with me when I left home for work. （20016） I’ll never forget waiting for bombs to fall. ③remember to do 记住去做某事（未做）
remember doing（或having done）记得做过某事 (已做) 例：I’ll always remember waiting for bombs to fall. Remember to buy some stamps, won’t you?
I vaguely remember his saying something like that. （200419）
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④regret to do对要做的事遗憾
regret doing（或having done）对做过的事后悔 ⑤try to do努力、企图做某事 try doing试着做某事
⑥ mean to do打算，有意要?? mean doing意味着
⑦go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情） go on doing 继续（原先没做完的事情） ⑧propose to do 打算（要做某事） propose doing建议（做某事）
⑨like/love/hate/prefer 这些动词前有should一词，其后宾语只跟不定式，不能跟动名词。
例：I should like to see him tomorrow.
⑩be afraid to do不敢去做?? (是主观上的原因不去做，意为“怕”)；
be afraid of doing担心出现??状况、结果。 (doing 是客观上造成的，意为“生怕”)。 例：She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。 She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。 (6) 不定式否定形式（注意to的位置）
例：I couldn’t understand why he pretended not to see me in the garden.（200612）
My English teacher warned me not to speak Chinese in the classroom.（20011） (7) 重要句式归纳
①It is + no use, no good, no point, no sense, worth (a great fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time), useless, nice, interesting, expensive +（in）doing sth. 例：It’s no use your telling me not to worry about his injury. （200917） ②There is no point（no good, no use, no sense）+（in） doing sth. 做某事无意义 例：There is no point arguing about it. Just do as you are told. （200530;2007专英18）
③主语 + be + said/ reported/ known/ believed/ supposed + to?(常接完成时或其被动式）
主语+ be + likely/ certain/ sure/ unlikely/ destined/ about/ due + to?(常接动词原形）
例：He is said to have made two trips to China in the last two years. （2002
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24）
I’m hardly likely to finish it within a week.
④do nothing／anything／everything but／except / other than + 动词原形 have no choice but／other than to do sth.
例：The departure time of the plane has been postponed, so we have nothing to do now but wait. （200611）
Missing the last bus, I could do nothing but stay in the village for the night. （2006专英12）
That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but to call in the police. （201036）
注：谓语动词不是“do nothing，anything，everything” but (except)，所跟的不定式仍带to。
例：The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking. ⑤can’t (help) but +动词原形 “不得不” can’t help to do(不能帮助做) can’t help doing (情不自禁做)
⑥had better（not）, had best（not）+动词原形 “最好（不要）” 例：I’d better leave now, or I’ll be late. ⑦may as well, might as well +动词原形“不妨” 例：We might as well walk to the station. ⑧Why not + 动词原形， “为什么不??呢”
例：Why not let him do this job by himself ? （200329; 200747） ⑨would rather（not） “宁愿（不）做某事” 三句式 Ⅰ. would rather+动词原形
例：I would rather not tell him. 我宁愿不告诉他。 Ⅱ. would rather+动词原形+than+动词原形
例：He would rather deal with a man than with a woman. Ⅲ. would +动词原形+rather than+动词原形
例：I’d take the slowest train rather than go there by air.
⑩prefer+不定式+rather than+动词原形；prefer+动名词+to+动名词 “宁愿??而不愿??”。
例：He prefers to read rather than watch television. He prefers swimming to riding as a sport.
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