who is not otherwise entitled to annual leave pay in respect of any day during that period,shall,as regards the period beginning on the appropriate day and ending on the day pceding the first day of the close down,be entitled to annual leave calculated in accordance with subsection (4). 参考译文：任何因第（1）款所指明目的而停业或部分停业期间开始时已经成为雇员之人，若非因该次停业而 无权获得该段期间任何一天的年假薪酬，则就始于适用日而止于停业首日之前一日之期间，应有权享有按照第4款计算的年假。 注释与说明： 本句斜线部分是本句型的机构，应注意排除文中大量插入语的干扰。 10. for the purpose of
“for the purpose of”:就……而言 For the purpose of this Agreement, “control”shall mean either the ownership of fifty-one percent or more of the ordinary share capital of the company carrying the right to vote at general meetings or the power to nominate a majority of the board of directors of the Company. 参考译文：就本协议而言，“控制”系指拥有在股东大会上有投票权的百分之五十一或以上的公司普通股股 本，或拥有任命公司董事会中多数董事的权利。 注释与说明： 在英文合同和其他法律文件中的很多情况下，这个句型并非是指“为了XX目的”而是指“就XX法律问题而 言”。其他例子比如“for the purpose of Article XX（就XX条款而言）”。 11.provided that “provided that”:但是 （1）Provided that the acceptance of rent or mesne profits by the Party A after the expiration of the term of the tenancy hereby created shall not be deemed to operate as a waiver or breach of any of the terms hereof nor as a new periodic tenancy by way of holding over or otherwise.A new tenancy shall only be created by a fresh tenancy agreement in writing signed by the Party A and the Party B. 但是甲方在本协议所产生的租赁关系期满后获得的租金或中间收益的行为，不得被认为构成弃权或是对本协议 的违反，亦不得认为构成了一个新的租赁期限或其他任何解释。新的租赁关系的产生只能以甲方和乙方以书面订立的形式为之。 注释与说明： A.英文合同中很少使用“but”一词，表示转折时常常使用本结构及本结构的变形 “…provided, however, that…”。同时，应用此结构时大多会像下面例（2）一样，放在句子的后半部分，表示转折。 （2）This Agreement commences on the date the last party signs it and expires after [number] years, unless it is terminated earlier as provided in this Agreement. At the expiration of this Agreement, the parties may negotiate a renewal or extension of the term, provided that the Party B is in full compliance with this Agreement at that time. 参考译文：除本协议另有规定外，本协议自最后在其上签字的一方签字时生效并于[]年后失效。在本协议失 效之际，合同当事人可以协商延长合同期限，但是乙方在彼时应完全符合本协议的要求。 12.notwithstanding
“notwithstanding”:即使，表示一种让步。 （1）If the Party A places an order within the time designated in this offer, the price for the goods will remain firm notwithstanding any variation in the costs of producing the goods. 参考译文：如果在要约指定的时间内，由甲方发出了订单，则货物价格应保持不变，即使生产成本发生变化。 （2）Notwithstanding any other provisions to the contrary herein,insurance coverage and limits shall be subject to approval of all the parties. 参考译文：即使存在与本合同相悖的规定，保险范围和责任限制亦应当以各方同意为准。 注释与说明： A． 在英文合同句子中有两个常见的结构性标志词汇，即此处的表示让步关系的“notwithstanding”和前述的表转折关系的“provided that”。在较复杂的句子中读者经常会见到这两个表达方法同时使用，阅读的技巧在于全句的主干一定不会出现在“notwithstanding”和 “provided that”引导的让步和转折从句中。比如下面的例子（注意斜体字标出的部分）： The indemnity, release, holding harmless, defendance and protection obligations assumed in Article XX shall apply in respect of the full liability of the indemnitee for claims, notwithstanding the indemnitee may be entitled to contribution thereto from any other person and notwithstanding such liability may relate to negligence of a third party, provided that in such event the indemnifying party shall be fully subrogated to the rights of the indemnitee against such third party. 参考译文：规定在XX条款中的补偿、免责、免受损失、以及抗辩和保护的义务应适用于与被补偿人相关的所 有责任；即使被补偿人还可向他人主张权利，即使该等责任可能与第三人的过失相关；但是在此等情形下，被补偿人应将其可向该等第三人主张的权利让与补偿人。 阅读提示： A. 读者应理解在本句中实际上存在五方关系人，即补偿人（indemnifying party）、被补偿人（indemnitee）、第三人（third party）、他人（any other person） 以及隐含的“向被补偿人主张权利的他人”。本条款实际上会出现在某些复杂的商事合同中，比如“甲方（被补偿人）向乙方（补偿人）购买由丙方（他人，通常是 保险公司）质量承保的某种产品。结果甲方在使用该产品时，因为丁方（第三人）过错造成了戊方（可向被补偿人主张权利的他人）的人身伤害。”此时，为了甲乙 双方为避免此类事件发生后发生扯皮，所以就常常在双方的产品买卖合同中进行类似本条款的约定。 B.读者应理解本条 款中的句子主干在于The indemnity, release, holding harmless, defendance and protection obligations assumed in Article XX shall apply in respect of the full liability of the indemnitee for claims，而不是notwithstanding和provided that引导的让步和转折从句。 13.here/there /where+in/after/of等介词
herein/hereafter/hereof以及therein/thereafter /thereof等 英 文中有大量这种由“here/there/where”加上“by/in/after/of/to/with”构成的虚词。理解的关键就在于将后面的介词 前置然后再加上“here/there/where”所指代的this/that/which，最后再根据上下文解析出实际含义。 注释与说说明： （1）here 常常指代“本法律文件”，所以在英文合同中便常常指代“contract”。比如herein即为“in this contract（在本合同中）”。 （2）there虽没有具体的指代，只能根据上下文推敲；但是他们经常可以理解为汉语中的“该等、及 其、由此、其中”等等虚词。比如下面的这个例子： If a technological achievement accomplished by an inpidual was an assignment from the legal person or other organization with which he formerly served and was chiefly accomplished by utilizing the material and technological resources of the legal person or other organization with which he is currently serving, the rights and interests therein shall be determined in accordance with the agreement reached between the legal person or other organization with which the natural person formerly served and the one with which he is currently serving. If they fail to reach an agreement, the two parties shall share the technological achievement reasonably in proportion to their contributions to the accomplishment thereof. 参考译文： 个人完成的技术成果，属于执行原所在法人或者其他组织的工作任务，又主要利用了现在法人或者其他组织的 物质技术条件的，应当按照该自然人原所在和现所在法人或者其他组织达成的协议确认其中权益。不能达成协议的，根据对完成该项技 术成果的贡献的大小由双方合理分享。 hereby=by this contract herein=in this contract hereafter=after this contrat hereof=of this contract hereto=to this contract herewith=with this contract thereby=by that therein=in there thereafter=after that thereof=of that thereto=to that therewith=with that whereby=by which wherein=in where whereafter=after which whereof=of which whereto=to which wherewith=with where 14.as of the date
as of the date of XX:追溯性地表示“自某年某月某日起” The contract is effective as of a certain date 参考译文：本合同自某年某月某日起生效。 15.in question
“in question”表示“该、此” A price to be paid by the Party A under its obligations of the buyback/counter-purchase Contract shall be the world market prices taking into account the other delivery terms for the goods in question. 参考译文：甲方根据返销或回购货物合同的义务所支付的价格应为世界市场价格，结合考虑该货物的其他交货 条件。 16.根据
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