Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years.
Section A
Language Goal：Talk about possessions and things around you.
How long have you had that bike over there？
I've had it for three years. I learned how to ride a bike on it. 那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间了?
我买了三年了!在它上面，我学会了如何骑自行车。 辨析for和since
for其后只能接表示“一段时间”的名词性短语，可用多种时态。表示动作或状态持续的时间长短 since其后接表示“时间点”的短语或从句(过去时)；也可以接“一段时间十ago”，常用于完成时态；还用于句型“it’s十时间段十since十一般过去时的句子”. 表示过去某个时间发生并持续至说话时的动作或状态 I've lived in this city for five years. 我在这座城市里居住了5年了。 He usually sleeps for twelve hours every day. 他通常每天睡12个小时 We've studied here since 2009. 自2009 年来我们一直在这里学习。 It's two years since I came to China 自从我到中国以来已经两年了。
She has worked here for five years. =She has worked here since five years ago. 她在这儿工作5年了:
1a Look at the things at the yard sale. Do you have any of these things at home? How long have you had them? 看这些在庭院拍卖会上的物品。你家里有这些物品中的一些吗?你买它们多长时了了?
1b Listen and check(√)the facts you hear. √ Jeff’s family is having a yard sale.
√ Amy thinks it’s hard to sell her old things. Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years.
√ Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. √ You can also give old things away to people in need. 杰夫一家在举行庭院拍卖会。 埃米认为卖掉她的旧东西很难。 杰夫的自行车买了10年多了:
埃米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们回想起许多甜蜜的回忆: 你还可以把旧东西捐赠给需要的人们。 family集合名词，“家庭;亲属”。表示整体时，用作单数，谓语动词用单数；表示家庭成员时，用作复数，谓语动词用复数。
His family is going to move他家要搬走了， My family are very well. 我全家人都很好。
have a yard sale “举行庭院拍卖会”，其中sale用作名词，意为“出售，销售”，常与介词on或for连用，构成短语: on sale“出售，上市”for sale“待售，供出售”尤指从主人手里出售。 Chickens are on sale in the market. 小鸡在市场上出售 I'm sorry, it's not for sale. 抱歉，它不是卖的。
It、十adj. (十for sb. ) to do sth.“ (对某人来说)做某事是??的”。it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。因动词不定式短语作主语较长，而谓语部分相对较短，it代替后就克服了“头重脚轻”的现象。其中sb是动词不定式to do的逻辑主语。
It's important to learn English well. 学好英语很重要
memory名词，“记忆;回忆”。其复数形式为memories，动词形式为memorize (记忆，背诵)。
This photo album has given many memories of my school days.这本相册给了我许多校园时光的回忆。 She has a good memory. 她记忆A好。
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1c Practice the conversation. Then make conversations about other things in the picture above. A：This is a really old book.
B：Yes, I’ve had it for seven years. I’ve read it three times. A：why are you selling it?
B：Because I don’t read it anymore. A：How much is it?
B：You can have it for 75 cents. 这是一本确实很旧的书。
是的，我买了7年了。我已经读过三次了。 你为什么要卖它? 鸟为我不再看它了 多少钱?
花75分，你就能买到它。
not…anymore（any more）/ no more表示次数上的不再，常修饰非延续性动词，多用于将来时态，有时也用于过去时态
Please don't go there any more请别再去那里了。 not…any longer/ no longer表示时间上的“不再”，常修饰延续性动词 We are no longer young. 我不再年轻。
Listen and check (√) the things Amy’s family are giving away and circle the things they are keeping. book magazine toy bear toy lion toy tiger bread maker sweater dress hat scarf
The things they are giving away: magazine, toy lion, toy tiger, bread maker, sweater, dress The things they are keeping: book, toy bear, hat, scarf 2b Listen again and fill in the blanks.
1. Amy has had her favorite book for three years.
2. Amy has had the toy bear since she was a baby .
3. Amy’s mom has had the old bread maker for more than 10 years.
4. Amy can give away the sweater and dress because they do not fit her anymore. 埃米拥有她最喜爱的书三年了
自埃米是个婴儿起，她就拥有了那个玩具熊。 埃米的妈妈买了那个旧面包机10年多了。
埃米能捐赠毛衣和裙子，因为它们不再适合她。
2c Student A is Amy’s mom. Student B is Amy. Make conversations. A：Amy, can we give away these soft toys? B：Mom, I want to keep the bear. A：Why? It’s so old.
B：Because I’ve had it since I was a baby. 埃米，我们可以捐这些软体玩具吗？ 妈妈，我想保留这只(玩具)熊。 为什么?它这么旧了。
因为自从我是个婴儿以来，我就拥有了它。
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2d Role-play the conversation.
Linda：Welcome to the Sunshine Home for Children. I’m Linda.
Amy：Hi, I’m Amy. I have some things for the kids. I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months. The stories inside may be a bit old, but they’re still interesting. Linda：Great! Many children here love reading.
Amy：And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids. I’ve had them since I was a child. There’s also a sweater and a dress.
Linda：Perfect! We always need toys and clothes.
Amy：One last thing is a bread maker. My mom’s had it for a long time but it still works. Linda：Thanks so much!
琳达:欢迎来到儿童阳光之家。我是琳达。
埃米:嗨，我是埃米。我有一些给孩子们的东西。这本杂志我买了几个月了。里面的故事可能有点儿老，但它们仍然很有趣。
琳达:好极了!这里的许多孩子喜欢读书。
埃米:察看一下这些给小孩子们玩的软体玩具和棋类游戏。从我是个小孩子起，我就拥有了它们。还有一件毛衣和一条裙子。
琳达:太棒了!我们一直需要玩具和衣服。
埃米:最后一件东西是面包机。我妈妈买了很长时间了，可它仍然正常运转。 琳达。非常感谢你!
a bit“一点儿，稍微”a bit修饰形容词或副词时，相当于a little。修饰不可数名词时，应在a bit后加介词of。 not a bit相当于not at all，“根本不”
There is a bit of water in the bottle. 瓶子里有点儿水。 She is not a bit happy. 她一点儿也不快乐
check及物动词，“检查;审查”，后可直接跟名词作宾语。其短语check out，“察看;观察” If you finish it, check it by yourself first. 如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。 Check out all the books for children. 察看一下所有的儿童书籍。 （1） check还可用作名词，“支票; 账单” He wrote me a check 他给我开了一张支票。
soft形容词，“软的;柔软的”，其副词形式为softly “柔软地”;反义词为hard“硬的”。 I bought a soft chair我买了一把软椅。
maker名词，“生产者; 制造者”，是由“动词make十后缀-r”构成的。
①在英语构词中，还有“动词十后缀-er”变为名词的，表示动作的执行者。类似的单词有: teacher教师， reader读者， worker工人， singer歌唱家
②在英语构词中，还有“动词十后缀~or”变为名词的，也表示动作的执行者。类似的单词有: visitor参观者， inventor发明家。 ③在英语构词中，还有“名词/ 动词/形容词十后缀~ist”变为名词的，表示“从事??的专家”。类似的单词有: artist艺术家， tourist旅行家， specialist专家。
3a Read the article written by a father for a newspaper. What are they going to sell at the yard sale?
My children are growing up fast. My daughter is 16 and my boy is already in junior high school. As they get bigger our house seems to get smaller. So we want to sell some of our things in a yard sale and give the money to a children’s home. We have already cleaned out a lot of things from our bedrooms.
We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. My son was quite sad at first. Although he has not played with his old toys for a long time, he still wanted to keep them. For example, he has owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven. And he did not want to lose his toy monkey, either. He slept next to the monkey every night when he was a child. My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I have not played for a while now. I’m getting older, too!
我的孩子长得很快。我女儿16岁了，儿子已上初中。随着他们长大，我们的房子似乎变得更小了。所以我们想在庭院销售中卖一些我们的东西，并把钱捐给儿童之家。
我们已经清理了卧室里的许多东西。 我们决定每人出售五件不再使用的物品。一开始，我儿子相当难过。虽然他很长时间不玩他的旧玩具，但他仍想保存它们。比如，自他4岁生日起，他就拥有了一套轨道火车.他几乎每周都玩，一直玩到大约7岁时。他也不想失去他的玩具猴。在他还是个孩子时，每晚他都要紧靠着那只玩具猴睡觉。我女儿比较懂事，尽管失去某些玩具她也感到很难
过。至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但是，说实在的，现在我已经有一段时间没踢(足球)了。我也在变老!
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We’ve decided to each sell five things we no longer use
本句是一个含有定语从句的主从复合句。That引导定语从句，修饰先行词things, The book that/which you lent me is very interesting. 你借给我的那本书非常有趣。
no longer=not… any longer “不再;不复”，多指时间上的不再，常与延续性动词连用。 He didn't live here any longer. =He no longer lived here. 他不再住在这儿了
although she also felt sad to part with certain toys certain形容词，“某种; 某事; 某人”。
He decided to sell his certain books. 他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。 certain形容词，“确实的，无疑的”
常有结构: be certain to do sth. 肯定要做某事 be certain of/about sth. 对某事确定、有把握 be certain of doing sth, 有把握做某事 be certain十从句 一定......
We're certain of success. 我们有把握成功。
I'm not certain where he lives. 我不敢肯定他住在哪儿
to be honest, I haven’t played for a while now. I’m getting older, too! to be honest“说实在的，说实话”，经常单独使用，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开。类似的表达还有to tell the truth“老实说，说实话”。
To be honest, she is not an honest girl. 说实话，她不是一个诚实的女孩。
honest为形容词，“诚实的;老实的”。其反义词为dishonest“不诚实的”，名词形式为honesty“诚实”。 An honest man does not tell lies.诚实的人不说谎。
3b Read the article again and answer the questions. 1. Why did they decide to have a yard sale?
2. What do they want to do with the money from the sale? 3. Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set? 4. How can the old toys be useful again?
5. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? What would you do with the money you raise? 也们为什么决定举行庭院拍卖会?
他们想要用从拍卖会中筹集的钱做什么？ 儿子为什么想要保留他那套轨道火车? 那些旧玩具怎样能再有用呢?
你曾经想过举行庭院拍卖会，卖掉你的东西吗? 你会用你筹来的钱做什么?
1. Because the father's children get bigger and their house seems to get smaller 2. They want to give the money to a children's home.
3. Because he’s owned it since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven. 4. They can be sold to the people who need them. 5. Yes, I have. I would give it to the charity.
3c Find the words or phrases in the article which can be replaced with the ones below and write them next to the words.
lose—part with kids— children
truthful— to be honest many— a lot of some time— a while
even though— although quickly— fast older— bigger
truthful形容词，表示“(指人)诚实的”之意时，相当于honest 表示“(指叙述)真实的”之意时，相当于true，其名词形式为truth(诚实;真相)。
Henry is a truthful/an honest boy. 亨利是一个诚实的男孩。 The story is truthful/true. 这个故事是真实的。
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