限时训练(十二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
话题：3D打印
ItalianbioengineerGiuseppeSciontifromSpanishstartupNovameathasinventedthe“world’sfirst”3D-printedmeat-freesteakmadefromvegetableproteins，whichmimics(模仿) thetextureofbeef.
Veganingredientssuchasrice
，
peasandseaweed
，，
难度：★★ whichprovidetheaminoacidsneededforahealthydiet
areturnedintoafoodpastethatis3D-printedtoformarawandsteak-likesubstance.
Despiteanabundanceofmeat-freeproductsalreadyonthemarketthattastesimilartoanimalmeats
，
Sciontifoundthatthesearelimitedtoimitationburgers
，
ormeatballs.Inanefforttoreducetheimpactofanimalagricultureandtoimprovepeople’snutrition
，
theMilaneseresearchersetouttocreateaplant-basedalternativeto“fleshy”meatproducts.
Bycombiningtissueengineeringandbio-printingwithmoderncookingmethodshecreatedaveganproductthatboaststhesameconsistency
，，
appearanceandnutritionalpropertiesasanimalmeatproducts.3Dprintingallowedthescientisttogeneratecomplexandmicro-structuredthree-dimensionalformsthatareimpossibletoachieveusingothertechniques.
Syringes(注射器) containingthelight-coloredfoodpastewereplacedina3Dprinter，whichfollowedapre-setcodedesignedbySciontiusingcomputer-aideddesign(CAD) software
，
toprintoutthemixtureintheshapeofasmallsteakthatcanthenbecooked.Itdidnotincludeanycolourant(着色剂).Itwasalightbrowncolor，similartoordinarycookedmeat.
Whiletherearesomecompaniesworkingonthecreationofartificialmeatfromanimalcellsculturedinthelabs
，
sometimesknownas“cleanmeat”
，
thiskindofmeattakesalongtimetomakeandisexpensive.Scionti’smethodallowshimtoprinta100-grampieceofsteakinaround30minutes.
Inadditiontocreatinganethicalmeatalternative
，
1
Sciontidesignedthemeat-freesteaktohelpinreducinggreenhousegasemissionsfromlivestock，whichaccountfor14.5percentofthecurrenttotalman-madegreenhousegasemissions.
“ThelatestreportsfromtheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations(FAO)
showthatthecurrentlarge-scalelivestockbreedingisnolongersustainableglobally，”heexplained.“Ifwecontinuewiththecurrentsystem
，
inthefuturetherewillbelittlechanceofhavingtheresourcestodistributefoodtoeveryone，”hecontinued.
“Itisforthesereasonsthatfindinganotherwayofproducinghealthyandeconomicalfoodthatcontainsallthefundamentalnutrientswillhelpustobettermanageourplanet’sfoodresources.”
语篇解读 本文主要介绍了意大利的生物工程师Scionti利用3D打印技术做出了“素牛排”。 1.Sciontiowedhissuccessto. A.theadequatesupplyofmeatproducts B.theapplicationofadvancedtechnology C.thegreatdemandformeat-freeproducts D.thegeneralsupportfromallwalksoflife 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，Scionti认为自己之所以能够造出“素牛排”，是因为有了3D打印技术的支持。故选B。
2.Comparedwith“cleanmeat”，whatistheadvantageofScionti’ssteak? A.Includinglittlecolourant. B.Providingmorenutrition. C.Consumingmuchlesstime. D.Causingnoharmtohumans. 答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第六段中“...sometimesknownas‘cleanmeat’，thiskindofmeattakesalongtimetomakeandisexpensive.Scionti’smethodallowshimtoprinta100-grampieceofsteakinaround30minutes.”可知，与利用动物细胞所造的“人造肉”相比，Scionti的“素牛排”耗时更少。故选C。
3.WhatisoneofScionti’spurposesindesigningthemeat-freesteak? A.Topromotethe3Dprintingtechnology. B.Toavoidglobalfoodcrisisinthefuture. C.Toprovideaffordablefoodforpoorareas.
2
D.Tomeetconsumers’requirementsformeat. 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句和最后一段可知，Scionti希望通过这种“造肉”的方式来避免未来世界可能会出现的食物危机。故选B。
B
话题：种植蔬菜
IhaveneverunderstoodwhywekeepagardenandwhyyearsagowhenIboughtmyfirsthouse.Istarteddiggingupasmalllandforvegetablesbeforedoinganythingelse.Itissoeasyandcheaptobuycarrots
；
whyraisethem
？
WhenAprilcomes
，，
难度：★★ Ialwaysfindmyselflookingatthatmiserableland
resolvingnottoplantitagain.Butunavoidablyamorningarriveswhen，justasIamawakening，arefreshingscent(
香
味
)，，
asiffromtheverycenterofthisplanetsuddenly
，
seemstohaveadifferent
，，
comesthroughthewindow.Andthesun
deeperyellowinitslightonthecarpet.
Itisnotonlypleasuresendingmebacktostareatthatplotofsoil
itisrealconflict.Thequestionisthesameeachyear—whatmethodshouldweuseThelastfewyearsweputblackplasticbetweentherowsanditworkedperfectly.ButplasticlookssoindustrialthatIhavegraduallymovedovertohay(
，
sounromantic
，？，，干
草).Wecutalotofhayanditdoesimprovethesoil.Besides，itlookslovelyandcomestousfree.
Theattractionsofgardening
，
Ithink
，
atleastforsomegardeners
，，
aremoral.Wheneverlifeseemspointlessanddifficulttograsp
youcanalwaysgetoutinthegardenandgetsomethingdone.Also，yourparentalinstinct(直觉) comesintoplaybecausehelplesslivingthingsaredependingonyou
，
requiringtrainingandprotectionfromenemies.Insomecases，aswithbeansandcucumbers，yourchildren—asitwere—begintoturnupononyouingreatnumbers
growingmoreandmoreeachmorningandthreateningtofollowyouintothehouse. 语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章讲述了作者自己种蔬菜的原因。 4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph? A.Healwayslikesbuyingcarrots. B.HemakesdecisionsinApril. C.Hetakesgoodcareofthesmallland. D.Heenjoysthegardeninspring.
3
，
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者不明白自己为什么要开垦一个菜园并自己种菜。每年四月份作者看着土地一片狼藉，就会下决心不再种菜。但当某天早晨作者刚睡醒，不可避免地呼吸着从菜园飘来的清新空气，看着温暖的阳光洒在地毯上，作者却很开心，再结合第二段第一句“Itisnotonlypleasuresendingmebacktostareatthatplotofsoil...”可推知，作者喜欢春天时的这个菜园。故选D。 5.Whatdrovetheauthortoabandonplastic? A.Highprice.
B.Environmentalconcern. C.Poorfunction. D.Personalpreference. 答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句中的“Butplasticlookssoindustrial，sounromantic”和第二段最后一句“Besides，itlookslovelyandcomestousfree.”可知，作者不再使用塑料是出于个人的喜好。故选D。
6.Whydoestheauthorsaytheattractionsofgardeningaremoral? A.Gardeningrequireswisdom. B.Gardeningoffersmoraladvice. C.Gardeningimprovesparenting. D.Gardeningbringsspiritualcontent. 答案 D 解
析
推
理
判
断
题
。
根
据
第
三
段
第
二
句，
“Wheneverlifeseemspointlessanddifficulttograsp
youcanalwaysgetoutinthegardenandgetsomethingdone.”可知，在生活无望或者难以掌控的时候，你总是可以在菜园找到事情做，由此可推知，作者认为种菜的乐趣是精神上的，是因为种菜能带来精神上的满足，故选D。 7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext? A.ToGardenorNot B.WhatIGardenfor C.HowtoGarden D.WisdomfromGardens 答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者喜欢种菜的原因，B项“我为何种菜”概括了本文主旨，最适合作文章标题。故选B。
4
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