C
话题：创造力
Whenyouthinkaboutcreativity，itmightbehighlycreativepeoplelikeMozart，daVinciorEinsteinwhospringtomind.Theywereallconsideredtobe“geniuses”fortheirsomewhatuniquetalentsthatledtogreatachievementsintheirfields.Theirtypeofcreativityiswhat’sknownas“BigCcreativity”andisnotverycommonineverydaylife.Notallofuscancreateworksofartormusicorscientifictheoriesthatarenewtotheworld.
Whilewecan’tallbeMozart
，
daVinciorEinstein
，
难度：★★★ manypeopledoenjoycreativeactivity—throughhobbiessuchaspaintingorplayingthepiano.Andthesetypesofpursuitsareoftenwhatpeoplethinkofwhenaskedwhatbeingcreativelookslike.Ourfinishedpiecesmaynotbecomparablewiththelikesofthegreatmasters
，
butoftentheprocessmakesusfeelhappy，andtheendresultcanbeaesthetically(审美地) pleasing.
Ontopofhobbiesandinterests
，
weallpossesscreativequalitiesthatcanhelpaswesolvelife’sproblemsandmakedecisions.Itisthistypeofcreativitythatenablesustoplandifferentroutestogettothesamedestination
，
orfitinatriptothesupermarketwhenourschedulelooksfull.Itmightnotsoundverycreative，
butthisaspectofcreativityreliesonourabilitytoconsideroptionsandassesstheirsuitability.Italsohelpsusmakedecisionsbasedonpersonalexperienceorwhatwehavelearntformallyorinformally.Theseexamplesareknownas“smallccreativity”or“personaleverydaycreativity”.
WhileBigCcreativityisvaluedandcelebrated
，
itisoftensmallccreativitythathasallowedhumanstodevelopoverthousandsofyears.Itsetsusapartfromotheranimalsanditisalsothetypeofcreativitythatcanbedevelopedthroughoureducationalsystemandworkplace.Traditionally
，
creativityhasbeenlargelyassociatedwiththearts.Teachersareoftenabletogiveexamplesofcreativeactivityinartssubjects
，
butfindithardertodosowhenaskedtodescribecreativityinsubjectssuchasscience.Butthereisagrowingrealizationthatopportunitiestobecreativecanbefoundacrossabroaderrangeofsubjects.Forinstance
engineeringprovidesopportunitiestobecreativethroughproblemsolving
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，，
andhistorygivestheopportunitytothinkcreativelyaboutwhyeventshappenedandwhatmotivatedthoseinvolved.
Researchhasshownthattrainingteacherstoaskparticulartypesofquestionscanbeonewaytohelpencouragecreativityacrossthecurriculum.Thisisbecauselookingforsolutionstoproblemsandexplanationsisacreativeprocess.Ourresearchalsoshowshowitcanbemorehelpfultotalkabout“thinkingcreatively”ratherthan“creativity”.Thisisbecausepeopletendtosee“thinkingcreatively”asindependenceofthoughtandawillingnesstotakerisksandseeknewperspectives.Itisalsoseenasawaytoperceivenewrelationshipsmakenewconnectionsandgeneratenewideas.
TheDurhamCreativityCommission，setupbyArtsCouncilEnglandandDurhamUniversity，aimstofindwaysinwhichcreativity
，
andspecificallycreativethinking
，，，，
canplayalargerpartinourlives.Weareworkingalongsidepeopleineducationaswellasinartsandsciencecommunities
collectingtheirviewsoncreativityandcreativethinking.Wewillalsobelookingacrossthesegroupstodeterminewhetherornotthereisarelationshipbetweencreativityandmobility，creativityandidentityaswellascreativityandwell-being.Wehopetobeabletoshowthatthinkingcreativelycannotonlybeencouragedandfurtheredinavarietyoffieldsbutalsoleadtopositiveoutcomesonapersonal，socialandeconomiclevel.
Inarapidlychangingworld
creativityisimportantforpeopleandsocietyonmanylevels
，，，
itcanhelptogeneratepersonalsatisfactionandbeimportantforeconomicdevelopment.Thisiswhycreativethinkingmustbeakeypriorityineducationalenvironments.Inthesameway，creativitymustalsoberecognizedandencouragedintheworkplace.Because，afterall，it’screativethinkingthatleadstoproblemsolvingandinnovationinarangeofareas. 语篇解读 创造力并不专属于伟大的艺术家或科学家，而是贯穿于每一个普通人的日常生活中。创造力是推动社会发展的最关键的因素。 8.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribe“BigCcreativity”？ A.Universal. C.Confidential. 答案 D 解
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B.Temporary. D.Extraordinary.
“Theirtypeofcreativityiswhat’sknownas‘BigCcreativity’andisnotverycommonineverydaylife.Notallofuscancreateworksofartormusicorscientifictheoriesthatarenewtoth
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eworld.”可知，大C创造力并不常见，因此是“非凡的”。故选D。 9.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2probablymean? A.Fewpeopleareascreativeasgreatgeniuses. B.Someofuscanbecomegreatmasters. C.Weseldomunderstandrealgeniuses. D.Weshouldnotlearnonlyfrommasters. 答案 A
解析 句意理解题。第二段画线部分与画线部分后的内容形成对比，说明只有极少数人才拥有像莫扎特、达·芬奇和爱因斯坦这种伟大天才的创造力。对于大多数人来说，他们的创造力都是通过兴趣爱好等活动体现的。故选A。 10.Whyis“smallccreativity”important? A.Itisasrareas“BigCcreativity”. B.Itcanturnourhobbiesintocareers. C.Ithelpsusproducegreatworksofart. D.Itisfundamentaltohumandevelopment. 答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“WhileBigCcreativityisvaluedandcelebrated，itisoftensmallccreativitythathasallowedhumanstodevelopoverthousandsofyears.”可知，小c创造力之所以重要，是因为数千年来它一直推动着人类的发展。故选D。 11.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4? A.Onlygeniuseshavegreatcreativity.
B.Artistsareoftenmorecreativethanscientists. C.Peoplecanshowtheircreativityinvariousfields. D.Itisalmostimpossibletothinkcreativelyinscience. 答案 C 解
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“Butthereisagrowingrealizationthatopportunitiestobecreativecanbefoundacrossabroaderrangeofsubjects.”可知，在众多学科里，人们都可以找到机会展示他们的创造力。故选C。
12.Whatdoes“thinkingcreatively”mean? A.Solvingproblemsalone. B.Beingopentoalternatives. C.Thinkinginanartisticway. D.Makingadifferencetotheworld.
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答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句可知，创造性思维就是对不同的新事物持开放包容的态度。故选B。
13.WhichofthefollowingmighttheDurhamCreativityCommissionagreewith? A.Creativethinkingisbeneficialbothpersonallyandsocially. B.Peopleoftenoverlookcreativethinkingintheworkplace. C.Coursesoncreativitywillsoonbeofferedinschools. D.Youridentityisusuallydecidedbyyourcreativity. 答案 A 解
析
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“Wehopetobeabletoshowthatthinkingcreativelycannotonlybeencouragedandfurtheredinavarietyoffields
，
butalsoleadtopositiveoutcomesonapersonal
，
socialandeconomiclevel.”可知，DurhamCreativityCommission认为创新思维无论对个人还是社会都是有益的。故选A。 Ⅱ.任务型阅读
话题：早晨三小时
Beingproductivecanbehard.Perhapsyou’vefallenintoaroutineofgettingupatacertaintime
，
gettingintoworkandslumping(
瘫
倒
)
难度：★★★ downatyourdeskorplaceofworkwithnoenergyandmotivation.Researchhasfoundthereisanidealstructuretoyourdaythatcreatesbestresultsandalsotheflexibilityyouwishfor.Theproblemwithyourcurrenttraditionofworkingisthatitforcesyoutoworkwhenyourbrainisn’tmotivated.Traditionallyyouhavealongdaytogetyourworkdoneandyourbrainneedstobeintherelaxationmodeallday，butmoreoftenit’shardforyoutofocusononethingalltheway.
Accordingtotheresearch
，
thebestwaytoachievebestworkproductivityistofocusonthefirst3hoursofyourday.Thisisthebesttime—straightaftersleepwhenyourwillpowerandself-controlisatthemaximum.
Howoftenhaveyoudraggedyourselftoworkandheadedstraightforthecoffeemachinebecauseyoucan’tpossiblyfunctionuntilyoudrinkupatleastyourthirdcupofcoffee? Thisiswhereyou’repotentiallygoingwrong—thefirst3hoursofyourdaywilleventuallymakeyouorbreakyou.It’sduringthisperiodthatyoucanmakethemostofyourday.Creatingaroutinewherethefirst3hoursofyourdayaretheintenseperiodsofworkwillactuallycauseyoutocompletethemajorityofyourworkatabestlevel
leavingtherestofthedayforyourbraintorelaxanddealwithfewerlaboriousprojects.
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