必修四 Unit1 语法导学案
主谓一致 Subject—Verb Agreement
Teaching aims: Enable the students to grasp “Subject –V Agreement”
一、导入
Our class ____ made up of 44 students.
One thirds ____ girls, and the rest ____ boys.
But every boy and every girl ____ his or her personality.
定义: 谓语动词在________和__________上要和主语一致。 语法一致 主谓一致 意义一致 就近一致 二、讲解
（一） 语法一致原则
1. 用and 的连接的并列主语表不同的人或物时，谓语用______。 The red and the white roses ____(be) beautiful. Teachers and workers ____ (be) very busy.
2. and连接表相同的人或物或概念，谓语用______ ,
如 the singer and dancer (歌手兼舞蹈员）, knife and fork（刀叉）, butter and bread（黄油和面包），needle and thread（针线） The worker and writer ___ (be)from Wuhan.
The worker and the writer_____(be)from Beijing.
3. 用 and 连接的并列主语被each, every, many a ,more than one或no 修饰时，谓语 动词用_______。
Each boy and each girl ______ (were /was) given a new shirt. No sound and no voice _____ (is / are) heard.
Many a doctor and many a nurse ______(is/are) busy with their work.
4. “many a +单数名词 more than one+单数名词 one and a half +复数名词”作主语，谓语 动词用_____。
Many a foreigner___ been to the Great Wall. (have)
More than one student___ turned up at the meeting. (have) One and a half bananas ___eaten by the boy. (be)
5.主语是不定式，动词ing形式或主语从句的时候,谓语动词用_________。 When we will hold the meeting is not decided. Collecting stamps is his hobby. To see is to believe.(眼见为实)
6. 当主语后面跟有(along/together) with, as well as, like, rather than, but , except, besides, ,including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数由主语的单、复数而定, 即是_____________。
The teacher with two students ______ (was / were) at the meeting .
E-mail, as well as the telephones, ______ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play
总结：就前原则的短语（好记性不如烂笔头！）
_______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ （二）意义 一致原则
1. “金钱、时间、重量、长度和距离”作主语，谓语用_____ Five pounds _____ (do/ does) not buy as much as it used to. Ten years ____(be) a moment in history. 2. 名词： news ，summons（传票）
学科名 ：mathmatics，physics，politics，economics等 国名： the United States， the United Nations 等 形式上是复数，意义上是单数，谓语用_______ 3. “the + 形容词(或过去分词)”作主语时,
指一类人谓语用_______； 指某个人谓语用_______。
如: the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等 The injured ____ (be) being taken good care of there. The young ____ (be) the hope of our country. The dead _____(be) his brother.
4 . Some /a lot of /half of/the rest of/part of/plenty of/分数（%）+of+ 名词”等作主语，谓语 与___________________保持数的一致。 Ten percent of the workers ____ (be) from Paris. Two-thirds of water______（use) for agriculture.
5. 集合名词作主语, 强调整体用______； 强调个体成员时, 则用________. 如 family, class, army, team, enemy, group, audience（听众） 注意：people , police, cattle 只当复数用，谓语用_______ The police ____ (be) searching for the thief. The team ____ made up of three girls. The team ____ handsome. (be)
The group ___ made up of nine dancers. (be) The group ____ dancing happily. (be) The family ___ very big. (be)
The family ____ celebrating the festival. (be)
6. 复合不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用________，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing. Everything ____ (be) ready.
Someone _____ (want) to see you. There ____ (be) nobody in the house. （一）就近原则
1. 由here, there引导句子中, 主语不止一个名词时， There ____ (be) a book and some flowers on the desk. There ____(be) some flowers and a book on the desk.
2. or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but (also)，not...but... 等连接的并列主语 Neither he nor I ________________(have finished) the experiment yet. Either you or Jane___ (be) to be sent to New Zealand.
Not only his family but (also) he _______ (like) English plays.
Not he but they _____ wrong. 难点小结：就近原则
１.由______________引导句子
２.用_________________________________________________ 等连接的并列主语 Exercise
1.The famous singer and the famous dancer ____our party this evening. 2.The famous singer and famous dancer ____our party this evening. A. was to attend B. were to attend C. is going to attend D. are going to attend 3. Every desk and every chair __ (be) made of wood.
4.Whether we will go climbing______ (depend) on the weather.
5. The teacher as well as the students ________ (read) the book already． 6. Ten minutes ______(seem) long when you are waiting for someone. 7. The wounded__________ (send) to the hospital at once. 8. My family_____ (be) very big.
9. My family _____________(listen) to the radio now. 10. Nobody______ (like) to be laughed at.
11. Seventy percent of the farmers________ (not know) how to use computers. 12．Here____ some envelopes and paper for you. A．is B．are C．am D．be
13．Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind． A．is B．are C．am D．be
Dear Xiaoyu,
I think everyone ____(is/are) settled in London, although neither the weather nor the food ___ (is/are) good. Either rain or snow fell every day this week but everybody ____(has/have) tried to ignore it. My friend and my mother ____ (has/have) visited almost all the museums in London. None of them _____________(carry/carries) an umbrella but nobody ____(has/have) let that affect their activities. We are enjoying ourselves so much that I wonder if anybody
_______(want/wants) to come home. This group of tourists ____(love/loves) the culture and ____(is/are) happy in England and would like to visit London every summer!
See you soon, Dong Xiaoshun 能力提升：
1. 从句作主语时，若主句谓语部分为系表结构，主句谓语的数由表语来决定。 What I need ____ money.
What I need ____ more people.
2. each of?/either of?./one of?谓语动词用单数.none of?/neither of?可单可复，根据说话人的意思决定；*但代表不可数名词时，用单数 Each of the students _______a book.(have) None of us _________perfect. (be)
Neither of them _______the answer. (know) None of this money ____mine.
3. a/this/that + kind of +名词（单数或复数）作主语时，谓语动词用单数；如果主语是kinds（types) of+名词或复数名词of+ a ( this, that）kind时，谓语动词用复数形式。 即 ?kind(s) of +n?.,谓语与kind一致 n+ of this kind? 谓语与名词一致 The kind of apples ____ well.(sell) Men of this kind ____ dangerous. 4.有些名词如：fish, deer, sheep, means, works, species, 等单数和复数形式不变（单复数同形），谓语动词随其含义而定。
This glass works ____built in 1978. Two steel works___ east of the city. Every means____ been tried. Many species ____ died out.
5. 成双成对出现的复数名词如glasses, shoes, trousers, pants, gloves, socks, slippers, scissors等 作主语时，谓语通常用复数，*但如果前有a/the pair of, a/the suit of等词语修饰时，谓语动词与pair, suit等一致，用单数
My trousers _____very nice.
A pair of shoes_______under the bed. 6. 主语是a large/small quantity of +名词（可数或不可数）谓语动词用单数；如果是“large (great) quantifies of +名词（可数或不可数）”时，谓语动词要用复数。也就是说谓语动词随quantity单复数而定
There ______a large quantity of milk/apples on the farm Large quantities of water /coal/bricks _____needed here
7. a number of （a group of , a variety of)+名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；The number of(the variety of?.) +名词复数谓语动词用单数形式。 A number of workers ____out of work.
The number of the students in our school ____eight thousand. 8. 定语从句中的主谓一致。
1)与先行词一致。定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which 时，从句谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。
I, who ___your teacher, will share happiness and sorrow with you.(am) 2) which/as代替一句话内容,谓语动词用单数 As ___known, I am beautiful.
3) one of +复数名词 + 定语从句,从句中的谓语用复数形式; the only/exact one of+复数名词 + 定语从句,从句中的谓语用单数形式。
Tom is one of the students who______ good at playing football.
Tom is the only one of the students who_______ good at playing football.
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