they could take a chance and issue additional receipts against the gold to other people who needed to borrow money. (4) _______________ Hence , the amount of receipts or claims on the gold frequently exceeded the actual amount of the gold, and the idea that bankers could create money was born. (5) _______________ Other banks existed in the colonies prior to this, most notably the Bank of Pennsylvania, but these banks were chartered by individual states. In 1787 the Bank of North America changed to a Pennsylvania charter following controversy about the legality of a congressional charter. Other large banks were chartered in the early 1780s by the various states, primarily to is- sue paper money called bank notes. These notes supplemented the coins then in circulation and assisted greatly in business expansion. The banks were also permitted to accept deposits and to make loans.
A. Three other early banks, each managed by a committee of city officials, were the Bank of Amsterdam (1609), the Bank of Venice (1587), and the Bank of Hamburg (1619).
B. This worked as long as the original depositors did not withdraw all their gold at one time.
C. The increase of trade in 13th-century Italy prompted the revival of banking. D. During the 19th century, members of the Rothschild family became the most influential bankers in all Europe and probably in the world. This international banking family was founded by German financier Mayer Amschel Rothschild (1743 ~1812), but it soon spread to all the major European financial capitals.
E. Because there were no minimum reserve requirements on deposits, bank notes were secured by the assets of the issuing banks. Most assets took the form of business loans.
F. The first important bank in the United States was the Bank of North America, established in 1781 by the Second Continental Congress. It was the first bank chartered by the U.S. government.
III．形式主义类题（5句，每句4分，共20分）
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该题型旨在考核学生两种语言对应能力，五个汉语单句需译成英语，
要求体现原语形式意义。
1．世界贸易组织（World Trade Organization，英文缩写为WTO）成立于1995年，其前身是关税和贸易总协定（GATT）。
2. 只有使国际社会的广大成员都受益，经济全球化才能顺利地推进，世界经济才能持续稳定地发展。
3. 亚太经合组织的发展应反映各成员最广泛的共同利益。采取更富有成效的合作方式，缩小成员间的差距，增强凝聚力。
4. 为了协助你方的销售，我们已经特地准备了一些新产品的样品，正在
另行邮寄给你方,以供你方考虑。
5. 由于该商品需求量大，我们建议你方早日作出决定尽快向我们定货。
IV. 风格意义类试题（共30分）
将下面段落译成适应原文风格的汉语表达，要求不仅译文忠实于原文，
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流畅无误，而且在篇章词语风格上，能与原文相适应。
1. A peaceful and stable environment is indispensable for sustained economic growth. Terrorism is a scourge that undermines stability. It is therefore a common task for people throughout the world to fight terrorism. Let us join hands in creating a regional and international environment in which people of all countries will enjoy success, peace and prosperity.
2. China will, as always, commit itself to reform, opening-up and modernization drive. China has entered a new stage of development, a stage in which it is building a well-to-do society throughout the country and speeding up socialist modernization. We are implementing the Tenth Five-Year Plan (2001-2005) for the National Economic and Social Development.
Guided by this plan, we will unswervingly focus on development and carry out restructuring all the way through with reform, opening up and advances in science and technology as the driving force and the improvement of the people's living standards as the fundamental objective. We will continue to promote economic growth and social progress.
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商务英语翻译试题 参考答案
Ⅰ．词汇测试题(共20%)
1．（1-5）BBCCB （6-10）ABAAB 2.（1-5）CBCBD （6-10）BCABA II．语境意义，完形填空题（共30%） 完形填空题 (15%)
（1-5）CABCA （6-10）BBABD 语境意义题： (15%)
(1-5) CADBF
III．形式主义类题（5句，共20%）
1． The World Trade Organization came into being in 1995. It is the successor to the
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. (GATT) 2． Globalization will grow smoothly and the world economy develop in a sustained and
steady manner only when most members of the international community can reap the benefit. 3． APEC should develop in a way that reflects the broadest common interests of all its
members and adopt more effective cooperation modalities to narrow the gap between its members so as to enhance their cohesion. 4． With a view to supporting your sales, we have specially prepared some samples of
our new makes and are sending them to you , under separate cover, for your consideration. 5． In view of the large demand for this commodity, we would advise you to work fast
and place an order with us as soon as possible. IV. 风格意义类试题（共30%）
1． 保持经济的持续增长，必须有一个和平稳定的环境。恐怖主义是破坏稳定的社
会公害。反对恐怖主义是各国人民的共同任务。让我们携手合作，努力营造一个有利于各国人民共赢、共享安宁与繁荣的国际和地区环境。
2． 中国将一如既往地致力于改革开放和现代化建设。中国已进入了全面建设小康
社会、加快社会主义现代化的新的发展阶段。我们正在实施国民经济和社会发展第十个五年计划。我们将坚持把发展作为主题，把结构调整作为主线，把改革开放和科技进步作为动力，把提高人民生活水平作为根本出发点，继续推进经济增长和社会进步。
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