Grammar 过去分词做定语和表语

Grammar 过去分词做定语和表语(1)

基本概念：过去分词是____________的一种形式，可在句子中充当_____,______,________,和________,也就是说除_________的其它成分。从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有________,__________和______的特性。过去分词通常与逻辑主语之间存在_________关系，表示______和________. 一、过去分词作定语

1.过去分词作定语时的意义：

(1)表示完成 落叶__________升起的太阳__________一个退休的老师__________ (2)表示被动 一位受尊敬的客人_________一次又导游的旅行 _______________ (3)表示被动和完成

碎了的杯子___________一个分裂的国家____________昨天讨论的问题_________

2.过去分词作定语时的位置：

（1）前置定语：_______的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词前, 相当于一个_______. （2）后置定语：过去分词_______做定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之后，相当于一个______. _______has been thrown outside.那个打烂的花瓶已被扔到外面去了。

_____are now being taken good care of in the hospital.受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照顾。 The suggestion ____________________________was adopted.呈送给委员会的建议被采纳了。 This will be the best novel of this kind ____________________.这将是这类小说中写得最好的。 [点津] There is little time left.

He is one of those invited. A girl , dressed like a student, came in and sat besides me.

(1)有些过去分词表示特定的含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后。 如：____剩余的 ______所给的 __________有关的 (2)过去分词修饰________时，应置于被修饰词之后。 (3)过去分词可作非限制性定语，用来补充说明被修饰词的情况，用_____与被修饰的词隔开。 3.现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别： This is a letter written in black ink.

There are so many people showing interest in surfing the Internet. (1) 过去分词作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在___________的关系， 现在分词作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在___________的关系。 Have you noticed the surprised expression on his face? What came to us was surprising news.

（2）过去分词作定语表示被修饰的人或物的________,译为_________; 现在分词作定语表示被修饰的人或物对_________,译为___________. 鼓舞人心的演说________________ 受鼓舞的听众_________________ 困惑的表情_________________ 令人困惑的问题__________________ 正在沸腾的水__________________已经烧开的水___________________ 正在发生变化的世界______________已经变化了的世界_____________ 正在升起的太阳__________________升起了的太阳_________________ 二、过去分词作表语

He seemed quite delighted at the news. The door remained locked. (1) 过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的________. He became discouraged.

The situation proves encouraging.

(2) 过去分词作表语表示人自身的______和______,译为 ___________; 现在分词作表语表示事物具有的 _______，译为 ___________. (3) 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：

The book is well written. 系表结构，强调主语所处的______,

The book was written by a soldier. 被动语态，强调主语所承受的________. 三、分词的各种形式 ：

The problem ____________yesterday has something to do with us.（discuss） The problem ______________now has something to do with us. （discuss） ____________________thoroughly, the problem will be settled at once. 专题练习：

1.So far nobody has claimed the money ____________. 没有人认领在图书馆发现的钱。（discover）

2.With the government’s aid, those ____________have moved to the new settlements. 在政府的帮助下，那些受地震影响的人已经搬到这个新的居住处。(affect) 3.The trees_____________ in the storm have been moved off the road. 风暴中被吹到的树已经移出公路。

4.I am afraid you won’t have time to _________before the party. 恐怕你没有时间在晚会之前换好衣服。（change）

5.The teacher must be satisfied with our performance in the experiment, which can be seen from_________________老师肯定满意试验中我们的表现，这可以从她脸上满意的表情看出。 7. I’m calling to enquire about the position ______________yesterday’s China Daily. 我打电话咨询昨天在中国日报登的职位。（advertise）

1. Children __________________at home have a wide range of emotional and behavior problems. 在家接触暴力的孩子有许多情绪和行为问题。（expose） 2._____________,we are often unaware of environmental noise or commonplace activity nearby. 当专心读书时，我们经常没意识到附近的环境噪音和平常的事情。(absorb)

3. The community members are reaching out to those _________________the 9.0 magnitude earthquake that struck Japan on march 11. (affect)

社团成员们正伸出援助之手帮助那些遭受到三月十一号袭击日本的9.0地震影响的人。 4. He may have been the only person in the audience who __________ throughout the speech. 他可能是观众当中整个演讲仍然坐着的唯一的人。(seat)

5.Bananas is an English humor magazine____________ which I have subscribed for two years. Bananas是一本专攻青少年阅读的英语幽默杂志，我已经订阅了两年。(intend)

6.The hospital __________________Wuhan University is famous for its equipment as well as physicians.武汉大学附属医院应它的设备和外科医生而出名。(attach)

7.I felt _________when he picked me as his successor to shoulder greater responsibilities and meet greater challenge.当他选我作为继承者去肩任更大的责任和接受更大的挑战时，我觉得万分荣幸。（honor）

8. There is no air conditions in the room, and even with ___________, the room is still chilly at night. 房里没有空调，甚至所有的窗户关着，晚上房里仍很冷。(shut)

9.Recent studies have found that the kind of grass sometimes reduces pain _____________to the skin.最近的研究发现当敷在皮肤上这种草有时减少痛苦。（apply） 10. All the teachers discussed the plan that they would like to _________________in the next school year. 所有的老师讨论了那个他们想要在下个学年里看到实施的计划。(carry)