倒装和强调

强调

1．强调主语、宾语、状语时，可以用强调句式It is /was +被强调部分+ that/who +句子的其余部分。

Mary did the experiment in the lab yesterday.

强调主语： It was Mary who/that did the experiment in the lab yesterday. 强调宾语： It was the experiment that Mary did in the lab yesterday. 强调时间状语： It was yesterday that Mary did the experiment in the lab. 强调地点状语： It was in the lab that Mary did the experiment yesterday. 注意：强调主语时，其后的谓语动词在人称和数上与主语保持一致。 It is I who ___________ (be) looking for you. It is he who often ____________ (do) good deeds.

1）强调句的一般疑问句型为：Is/Was it+被强调的部分+that/who…? Was it Jack that you met in the supermarket yesterday? 2）强调句的特殊疑问句型为：疑问词+is/was it that…? Where did you meet Jack yesterday?

→Where was it that you met Jack yesterday? Who broke the window?

→___________________________ broke the window? How did he come here?

→____________________________ he came here? Why did he come late?

→___________________________________________? 3）强调句用在宾语从句中，要使用陈述语序。 I don’t know how it was that the fire broke out.

4）not…until…句型的强调结构为：It is/was not until…that… I didn’t recognize him until he took off his glasses. 改为强调句→__________________________________________________________________ 改为倒装句→__________________________________________________________________ 5）强调句型的特殊性：如果去掉强调结构It is/was…that/who…，句子依然是完整的。 It was at six this morning _________ I got up. It was six this morning __________ I got up.

2．强调谓语动词，用助动词do/does/did＋动词原形 Do be careful next time, please.

She ______________ (tell) me about her address, but I forgot all about it. 3．形容词very和the, this, that等连用，表示强调 He might be phoning her at this very moment. That’s the very thing I need.

4．短语in the world, on earth放在who, what, where等后面，意为“到底，究竟”，加强语气。 Where on earth did you put the book?

1. ---Where was _________ the old man was knocked down by a car? ---Just at that crossing.

A. it B. it that C. the place D. the place that 2. I really don’t know ________ I had my money stolen.

A. where was it that B. that it was when C. where it was that D. it was where that

3. John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _________ has made him what he is today.

A. why B. when C. which D. that

4. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ________ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.

A. where B. that C. when D. which

5. If you have a job, _________ yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.

A. do devote B. don’t devote C. devoting D. not devoting

倒装

1．部分倒装是指把谓语的一部分（助动词，be动词，情态动词）提到主语前面。

完全倒装是指把整个谓语都提到主语之前。

Never have I seen such an interesting film. In came the teacher, with a book in his hand. 2．完全倒装的几种情况：

1）there + be/stand/lie/exist/live…表示“有；存在”

There lies a river behind the house. There stands a tall building over there. 2）表方向的副词here, there, in, out, up, down, away, off和时间副词then, now位于句首时

Look! Here comes the bus. →Here it comes. 注意：主语是代词时，不用倒装。

The pigeon flew away.→Away ______________________./Away ____________________. For a moment nothing happened. Then came voices all shouting together. 3）表方位的介词短语位于句首时 In the corner sat a boy. An injured man lied just in front of the bus.→

Just in front of the bus ___________________________________.

4）有时为了强调表语，或为了保持句子平衡，把表语放到句首，其倒装结构为：表语+连系动

词+主语。

①形容词+系动词+主语

Experts from all over the world were present at the meeting. →_____________________________________ experts from all over the world. ②过去分词/现在分词+系动词+主语 The days when we were poor are gone. →_______________________________ when we were poor. Plenty of flowers were growing on the hill. →____________________________________ plenty of flowers. 3．部分倒装的几种情况 1）否定词位于句首

no, not, never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, rarely, not only...but also…, hardly/scarcely…when…, no sooner…than…

by no means, in no case, under no circumstances, on no account, on no condition, at no time Not only did he come, but also he went to see her. Hardly had I left my house when it began to rain. Under no circumstances can you let out the secret. I didn’t recognize him until he took off his glasses. →________________________________________________________________ 2）only修饰状语位于句首时

Only when the war was over could he return home. Only then/at that time did I realize my mistake.

3）so/neither/nor位于句首时，表示前面的情况适用于另外一个人或物时 If you don’t go, _________________. (我也不去)

4）so…that…, such…that…引导状语从句，so+形容词/副词，such+名词位于句首时 He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood.→

___________________________________ that he can always make himself understood. 5）as引导让步状语从句时，把表语或谓语的一部分置于句首

Child as he is, he knows a lot.

Try as he might, he couldn’t open the door. 6）表祝愿的句子中

May God bless you. May you succeed.

7）在虚拟条件句中，如果从句中含有had，should或were，可以省略if，将had，should或were

放到主语前面，形成倒装语序。

If you had gone yesterday, you would have seen him.

→_____________________ yesterday, you would have seen him. If I were you, I would go.

→_________________, I would go.

If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.

→____________________/___________________ tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.