专业外语1 姓名： 郭洁 学号：080232137
置，搭配连续的横向带式窗，让各个房间都能够获得良好的自然景观。主要活动和居住用房都在二层，三层设置了露天阳台和屋顶花园。是柯布西耶早期建筑生涯最突出的代表作。
马赛居住单元（Unite Habitation,Marseille），位于法国马赛，1952年建成。它不仅是现代主义建筑风格分裂出的粗野主义风格的代表作，还是对理想化集合住宅形式进行探索的著名成果。整个建筑采用钢筋混凝土结构建成。底部架空的建筑空间不仅设置了主入口、电梯等公共空间，还预留了大面积的停车场。
建筑内部共设有23种不同户型的住宅337户，可容纳1800人居住。柯布西耶为每户的窗外设置了彩色
遮阳板，用以活跃整座建筑的形象。顶层设有幼儿园，并通过坡道与屋顶相连接。巨大的屋顶四周用高墙围合，内部被开辟为运动场、健身房和儿童活动中心，是供楼内居民日常休闲的露天阳台。马赛公寓是一座功能完善，居住和服务空间完备的理想化的
住宅形式。虽然这种功能完备的大型集合住宅因其粗糙的建筑形象和过于严谨、理性的设计，没有获得当地人的认可，但却因其实用的功能而得以在其他地区建造，并在德国尤其收到了广泛的欢迎。
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专业外语1 姓名： 郭洁 学号：080232137
China's Capital -- Beijing
Beijing, located at the northwest edge of the North China Plain. Adjacent to the Bohai Bay, Beijing is next to the Liaodong Peninsula at the upside, and next to the Shandong Peninsula from the downside. Beijing is next to Tianjin and both surrounded by Hebei Province.
The urban roads in Beijing's old city have a checkerboard pattern. East-west roads include Chang'an Avenue, Ping'an Avenue, Guang'an Avenue. There is a axile wire in the north-south roads, From the eastern line between the YuTing bridge and the Lama Temple to the western line between the
KaiYang bridge bridge and JiShuiTan bridge. The eastern line passing Fangzhuang, HongQiao, Chongwenmen, Dongdan, DongSi, Beixinqiao and Lama Temple; western line passing through Caishikou, Xuanwumen, Xidan, XiSi and Xinjiekou. Due to the Tiananmen Square and the Forbidden City, Beijing's central axis is divided into North axis and South axis. North axis from Tiananmen to north, passing the Drum Tower, BeiChen Road, up to the Olympic Sports Center; south axis starts from the QianMen southwards through the TianQiao, Yongding Gate, down to
SanYingMen.
The place that people must go is to Tiananmen Square. Tiananmen Square is the heart zone of Beijing, is the largest city central square. It covers an area of 44 hectares, 500 meters from east to west, 880
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专业外语1 姓名： 郭洁 学号：080232137
meters from north to south, the ground all paved with light-colored granite stone which processed through a special technology. After the founding of New China, Tiananmen Square was expanded, and the People's Heroes Monument was built in the central square, then the Great Hall of the People was built in the west side of the square, and Chinese Revolutionary Museum & the Chinese History Museum were built in the east side of the square, the Memorial Hall of Chairman Mao was built in the south side of the square. The Tiananmen Rostrum is located at the northern end.
Under the Rostrum is the Jin Shui river with Shimmering blue waves, there are five beautifully carved white marble Jin Shui bridges on the river.In front of the Rostrum, two pairs of vigorous lions and graceful form of ornammetal column match tactfully, to make the Tiananmen Square as a perfect masterpiece of architectural art.
Wangfujing Street is also the place that people must travel through. Wangfujing Street, south from the East Chang An Avenue, north to China Art Gallery, is about three li(Chinese unit). From morning to night, every day up to a million Chinese and foreign customers enter into this street. This street now has Asia's largest commercial buildings, with the largest density and most concentrated shopping malls, hotels and stores. Wangfujing is also the
nearest large-scale shopping venues jointed by the domestic travel agencies, centralized with state-owned brands, the old and famous shops. After regulation, the Wangfujing Street, from JinYu Hutong to the NanKou, the connection of Chang'an Avenue, eight hundred and ten meters long, slightly wavy type of street, on both sides distributed with 12 large-scale shopping malls, in addition to the original department store, Craft art building, Muslim buildings, Foreign Language Bookstore, XieHe shopping mall, XinDongan shopping mall, but also add six new large-scale comprehensive shopping and entertainment commercial constructions, includes the new department store building, the DongHua clothing building, Minghui Building, Haoyou shijie
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专业外语1 姓名： 郭洁 学号：080232137
building, Dan Yao building, Oriental Plaza and so on, large-scale shopping malls placed in one street is the unique pattern in Beijing.
Beijing's traffic is the necessary problem to be solved in future. With population growth, the increase in car, often causes traffic congestion phenomenon. But also for the
environment and air quality in Beijing it is a burden. My suggestion is that in the future, more development and utilization of urban underground space. This can be the most suitable for creating a business development and living life in modern cities providing good conditions. Subway, underground shopping malls, underground business street and underground car parks and other projects not only improve the city's defense and preparation for war and protection capabilities, but also improving the urban ground environment, ensuring that the ground has more green space, you can build more square to ease city's crowded traffic conditions.
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