串联型直流稳压电源设计报告

※※

※※※※※※※

※

※※

2013级

※

模拟电子技术课程设计 ※

※

※

※

※ ※

※

※※※※

串联型直流稳压电源设计

姓 名 学 号 院、系、部 班 号 完成时间

摘 要

直流稳压电源一般由电源变压器、整流电路、滤波器、及稳压电路所组成。变压器把市电交流电压变为所需要的低压交流电。整流器把交流电变为直流电。经滤波后，稳压器再把不稳定的直流电压变为稳定的直流电压输出。本设计采用串联型直流稳压电路模型，选择LM7812三端集成稳压器构成输出电压可调的电压源。采用multisim11.0仿真软件进行仿真，仿真结果符合预期。

目 录

第1章 设计任务与要求 ··········································································· 1 第2章 方案与论证 ················································································· 1 第3章 单元电路设计与参数计算 ······························································· 1

3.1 设计方案 ··················································································· 1 3.2 原理框图 ··················································································· 2 3.3 稳压电路和保护电路 ···································································· 2 3.4 滤波电路 ··················································································· 3 3.5 整流电路 ··················································································· 3 3.6 电源和变压器电路 ········································································ 4 第4章 仿真与调试 ················································································· 5 第5章 收货和体会 ················································································· 7 参考文献 ································································································ 7

第1章 设计任务与要求

采用LM7812三端集成稳压器设计一稳压电源，其性能指标如下：

(1)输入交流电压220V（50HZ），输出电压Uod?12~24V,最大输出电流Imax?800mA (2)电网电压波动±10%，输出电压相对变化量2%。稳压系数Sr＜0.05。 (3)内阻ro?0.1? (4)工作温度25~44℃

(5)有过流保护电路，当负载电流超过1.5Imax时过流保护电路工作。

第2章 方案与论证

直流集成稳压电源设计思路：

(1)供电电压交流220V(有效值)50Hz，要获得低压直流输出，首先必须采用电源变压器将电压降低获得所需要交流电压。

(2)降压后的交流电压通过整流电路变成单向直流，但其幅度变化大（即脉动大）。 (3)脉动大的直流电压经过滤波电路变成平滑，脉动小的直流电。

(4)滤波后的直流电压，再通过稳压电路稳压，便可得到基本不受外界影响的稳定直流电压输出。

第3章 单元电路设计与参数计算

3.1 设计方案

电网提供交流220V（50Hz），通过电源变压器变压得到整流所需的电压。 整流电路的作用是利用具有单相导电性能的整流元件，将正负交替的正弦交流电压整流成为单向的脉动电压。但是这种脉动电压往往包含着和很大的脉动成分，距离理想的整流电压还差很远。这里使用的是单向桥式整流电路。

滤波器主要由电容、电感等储能元件组成。他的作用是尽可能地将单向脉动电压中的脉动成分滤掉，是输出电压成为比较平滑的直流电压。但是，当电网电压或负载电流发生变化时，滤波器输出直流电压的幅度也将随之变化。这里使用的是电容滤波。

1