课时作业(三十二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
It is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence.There are some other important ways we shape our kids—particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words.For example，we can say to a child “Don't run into traffic！” or “Stay on the footpath close to me.” In using the latter，you will be helping your kids to think and act positively，and to feel competent in a wide range of situations，because they know what to do，and aren't scaring themselves about what not to do.
Why does such a small thing make a difference？It is all in the way the human mind works.What we think，we automatically rehearse (预演)．For example，if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes，you wouldn't be able to do it.When a child is told “Don't fall off the tree，” he will think of two things: “don't” and “fall off the tree”．That is，he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind.A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off.So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully.”
Clear and positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things.Kids do not always know how to be safe，or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words.So parents should make their commands positive.“Sam，hold on firm to the side of the boat.” is much more useful than “Don't you dare to fall out of the boat？” or worse still “How do you think I'll feel if you drown？” The changes are small but the difference is obvious.
Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words，so it pays to be positive.
1．Positive choice of words helps kids to__________. A．do things carefully B．build up their confidence C．improve their imagination D．learn in different situations 2．What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A．A child will act on what is instructed. B．One can't help imagining what is heard.
C．A child will fall off the tree when told not to. D．One won't think of a blue monkey when given money. 3．Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe? A．Fasten your seat belt. B．Don't play by the lake.
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C．How do you think I'll feel if you get hurt? D．Don't you dare to walk through the red light? 4．The main idea of the passage is that__________. A．praise makes kids confident B．right instructions keep kids safe C．clear commands make kids different D．choice of words can make a difference
答案：[解题导语]本文主要论证了积极正面的话语更能有效地告诉孩子应该做什么，从而培养孩子的自信。 1．B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一、二句It is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence.There are some other important ways we shape our kids...or positive choice of words.可知，恰当使用积极正面的话语有利于帮助孩子培养自信。故选B项。
2．B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段倒数第三句That is，he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind.可知，当孩子被告知不要做某事时，他们会自动地想象听到的相关画面。故选B项。
3．A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，应该对孩子使用正面的、具有积极意义的语言。故选A项。
4．D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是对孩子使用正面的、具有积极意义的语言有助于培养孩子的自信；而对孩子说否定的话语时，则会有不同效果。由此可知措辞很重要。故选D项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2017· 江南十校高三联考]
Rudolph，a violin player，was not valued too much.One day，he traveled in a boat and was__1__in a storm.An old lighthouse (灯塔) man rescued him and led him into the lighthouse.After he had a long__2__with him，Rudolph learned more about the old man.Then__3__in the storm and the lighthouse and the old man lifted Rudolph__4__from his usual everyday__5__.He was filled with understanding and love.He was lifted to a__6__he had never known or__7__.He wanted to play music that showed the power of__8__and stars just for the old man.And__9__the storm and winds to join him，he stood and played the Kreutzer Sonata (奏鸣曲) of Beethoven.
The moments__10__.Moments that were days in the birth of fire and stars，moments of the__11__of all men，and finally moments that showed the__12__of all human spirit.Never__13__had Rudolph played with such power.__14__，waves，and winds beat the lighthouse with giant hands.Above，the strong light__15__its life－saving beams across the dark and angry seas.Rudolph dropped his head to his chest，breathing__16__.The ocean threw its water over the land with the sound of many voices.
The old man sat without moving，his wide old hand__17__on his knees.He thought about the storm outside—music made by God.He thought of Rudolph and his music—__18__were part of the works of nature－both were works of__19__.He nodded his head up and down，then turned to Rudolph.
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“Yes，” he said, “That is__20__！” 1．A.arrested C．met 2．A.quarrel C．talk 3．A.nothing C．something 4．A.off C．up 5．A.feelings C．activities 6．A.country C．globe 7．A.felt C．returned 8．A.water C．hire 9．A.as C．for 10．A.passed C．froze 11．A.hope C．peace 12．A.greatness C．gentleness 13．A.before C．below 14．A.Into C．Outside 15．A.came C．threw 16．A.softly C．hardly 17．A.grasping C．resting
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B．seen D．caught B．speech D．argument B．everything D．anything B．away D．down B．savings D．routines B．earth D．world B．rose D．turned B．fire D．planet B．with D．without B．lasted D．increased B．wish D．struggle B．smallness D．witness B．after D．again B．Inside D．Outward B．went D．fixed B．hard D．easily B．shaking D．laying
18．A.none C．all 19．A.wonder C．artist 20．A.wrong C．false
B．both D．neither B．doubt D．author B．done D．true
答案：[解题导语]文章讲述了一位小提琴家在一次暴风雨中和一位守灯塔老人的奇遇，这使得他的思想和技艺得到了升华。
1．D 解析：根据本空下一句An old lighthouse(灯塔) man rescued him...可知，鲁道夫遭遇了暴风雨。be caught in意为 “遭遇；被困，陷入”，是固定搭配。故选D项。arrest意为 “逮捕”，see意为 “看见”，meet意为 “遇见”，均不符合语境。
2．C 解析：根据空格后．..Rudolph learned more about the old man.可知，鲁道夫获救后，和老人进行了交谈，在交谈中对老人有了更多了解。have a talk with sb.意为 “与某人交谈”，故选C项。
3．C 解析：此处指暴风雨中的某物，应用something。nothing意为 “没有任何东西”，anything一般用于疑问句或否定句，everything意为 “任何东西”，不符合语境。故选C项。
4．B 解析：根据下文可知，此处表示鲁道夫从暴风雨和灯塔老人身上获得某些启示，使得自己内心的情感与往昔不同。lift sb.away from意为 “使某人远离……”，符合语境。故选B项。off后不可直接接from；up意为 “抬起，提起”；down与空格前的lifted词义矛盾。
5．A 解析：根据下文的He was filled with understanding and love.可知，此处指从灯塔老人处获得启示后，鲁道夫产生了与以往不同的情感。feeling意为 “感情；情感”，符合语境。故选A项。saving意为 “储蓄，存款”；activity意为 “活动”；routine意为 “常规，惯例；日常活动”。
6．D 解析：根据空格前一句He was filled with understanding and love.说明鲁道夫受到启示，整个人提升到另外一个境界。此处world意译为 “境界”，符合语境，故选D项。
7．A 解析：根据设空前的he had never known可知，这种境界是他之前从未知晓，也未曾感受过的。feel意为 “感受；体验”，符合语境，故选A项。rise意为 “增加；增长”；return意为 “归还”；turn意为 “转身；转动”。
8．B 解析：根据第二段第二句Moments that were days in the birth of fire and stars...可知此处选fire，考查原词复现。
9．B 解析：根据空格后the storm and winds to join him可知，此处指在暴风雨和风的伴随中，鲁道夫开始演奏。此处是with的复合结构，在句中作状语，表伴随。故选B项。
10．A 解析：根据空格下一句中．..and finally moments... “最终时间……” 可知，此处表示时间一分一秒流逝。passed的主语为时间，意为 “(时间) 流逝，消逝”，符合语境。故选A项。last意为 “持续”；freeze意为 “冻结”；increase意为 “增加”。
11．D 解析：此处演奏的曲子是贝多芬的《克鲁采奏鸣曲》，演奏时以暴风雨为背景，充满了抗争，the struggle of all men意为 “人们的奋斗”，故选D项。
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