基于EPON+EOC技术构建广电综合业务宽带接入网

videoconference, Secretary of the provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stressed: this year is the \ timetables \outstanding issues, obviously worked,\of the year. The County's departments at all levels must firmly establish the \old and silver\n development concept, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, always maintaining strategic ability and strong determination to improve the environment, consistently playing well \of\ng the war, ever-higher levels of comprehensive well-off society was built. (A) lay the sewage uphill battle. This year we will \quality improved at the county level, up to five\s basic objective grasp of pollution control that focus, with the focus on three things: a good job, \ching the County created. Organization \back\ction, the County garbage River, black and odorous River is \rectification of problems found in place firmly to prevent river pollution rebound. In accordance with the \-stop strategy\ng the inferior five water quality monitoring stations work this year to ensure the Elimination of 1 provincial control, five water quality section 3 municipalities controlled deterioration, ensure the creation this year of \ rivers\ndards. Second, pay special attention to pollution-cutting construction of nanotubes. Intercepting nanotubes are the basis of pollution of water source engineering, engineering, matter of success or failure of water management. Urban sewage treatment, to improve \e treatment rate, running accuracy, compliance\d up the town's support network construction, is focusing on nanotubes home \on. Domestic sewage treatment in rural areas, this year s the final year of the three-year action, determination to fight and the momentum around, ending the battle on which fully to ensure the realization of all County 648 formed village coverage. Also, be sure to attach importance to focus on rural domestic wastewater treatment facility operation and management, ensure that wastewater treatment facility up and running, role play, avoid the \hird, pay special attention to the River Lake pond desilting operation. Provinces now have focused on pollution control of water go to \s the deepening water of this year's \s\Next, to jump-start an investigation line touches work, implementation plan according to the priorities and the programme of work, in accordance with the \one river one policy\detailed cleaning, dredging plan, planning ahead of time cleaning out mud \ng to local conditions to do sludge, promote scientific resource utilization of silt and mud. (B) the heavy regulation of heavily polluting industries. Pollution of water must grab the source, wastewater is primarily the source of backward production capacity, increase the intensity of基于EPON+EOC技术构建广电综合业务宽带接入网

本文关键字: Wi-Fi4, 方正2, EPON38, 网络31, 宽带2, 最后一公里2, 城域网1, 骨干网1, 三网合一1, 接入网2, 运营商1, 光网络8, PON12, 光纤15, FTTH3, 无线接入1, 以太网16, 光纤接入1, 电磁干扰1, 电信2, APON3, GPON2, ATM2, IP9, 宽带接入8, 数据通信1, TDM1, CDMA1, Qos2, Cable1, TDMA1, VLAN3, 有线电视4, 数字电视2, IPTV1, LAN1, 双绞线2, 交换机2, 同轴电缆12, MoCA4, 电缆12, 有线电视网2, WLAN1, 多媒体1, 网关1, 射频3, 机顶盒1, 高通1, 放大器1, 综合接入3, 服务器1, CATV1, 计算机1

摘要：基带传输与同轴Wi-Fi技术已经进入商用阶段，不少地方正进行试点工作，相信不久的将来会出现越来越多的EPON+EOC网络。

随着宽带业务的发展，人们越来越意识到网络接入部分(最后一公里)存在严重的带宽“瓶颈”。接入部分两头目前已跨入吉比特级以上的速率，如用户端广泛使用的PC内部传送的速率已达到吉比特速率；而作为接入部分的另一头，城域网或骨干网的每波长速率也已达到2.5～10Gbit/s，它们比接入部分高出至少3个数量级。随着三网合一的推行，突破接入网瓶颈变得越来越迫切，只有突破接入部分的带宽“瓶颈”，才能使整个网络有效发挥宽带的作用，真正推动各种业务的发展，给运营商带来经济效益和社会效益。

从技术上讲有三种方式突破接入网瓶颈，一是甚高速数字用户线路(VDSL)；二是基于无源光网络(PON)的光纤到户(FTTH)；三是高速无线接入。EPON是基于吉比特以太网的无源光网络技术，继承了以太网的低成本和易用性以及光网络的高带宽，是实现FTTH众多技术中性价比最高的一种。随着EPON国际标准——IEEE802.3ah在2004年正式发布，EPON的产业联盟已经吸引了众多厂商的积极参与，从EPON的核心芯片、光模块到系统，EPON的产业链已经日趋成熟。

1、EPON技术及特点 (1)EPON的发展

光纤接入从技术上可分为两大类：有源光网络(AON，ActiveOpticalNetwork)和无源

光网络(PON，PassiveOptical Network)。PON是一种纯介质网络，由于消除了局端与用户端之间的有源设备，它能避免外部设备的电磁干扰和雷电影响，减少线路和外部设备的故障率，提高系统可靠性，同时可节省维护成本，是电信维护部门长期期待的技术。PON的业务透明性较好，原则上可适用于任何制式和速率的信号。目前基于PON的实用技术主要有APON/BPON、GPON、EPON/GEPON，其主要差异在于采用了不同的二层技术。具体如图1所示。

reatment of heavily polluting industries. According to municipal, and municipal government deployment of seven big heavy pollution industry regulation \s action plans\o December 2016 end of Qian, all included shut stopped eliminated of enterprise all shut stopped eliminated in place; June 30, 2017 Qian, all included place regulation upgrade and agglomeration restructuring of enterprise by unified standard regulation in place, late not standard of enterprise are implementation discontinued; June 30, 2018 Qian, all intends Park production of enterprise relocation Park in place, late not Park of are discontinued. In the process of renovation, will focus on four aspects: to firmly close the high energy consumption and heavy pollution, hopeless enterprise governance and production lines, eliminated a number of yearly emission intensity, low value-added products of backward production capacity. Second, we must strictly enforce the space, total project \environment access system, promoting industry access and environmental conditions of access of enterprises to the Park, industrial park, in principle, no longer the class on the new project. Thirdly, promoting replacement and reconstruction of heavily polluting industries, mergers and reorganizations, guide enterprises to energy conservation, recycling and low-carbon and clean production, and improve the level of green development. Four to establish a long-term supervision mechanism, increase the intensity of special inspections, investigate and punish the rectification is not in place, normal business of running anti-pollution installations do not. (Iii) linkage to promote flood control water, drainage, water supply, improving water saving. Speed up cross ang support river dike reinforcement, and along Pu seawall except insurance reinforcement, and Lake Qian sluice, and BA Cao sluice, and cloud cover reservoir, focus flood control drainage engineering construction, vigorouslyimplementation \brary\ngineering, increased geological disaster hidden points governance efforts, solid advance small basin torrent disaster governance, efforts from essentially solution basin sex, and regional flood control drainage capacity insufficient of problem. Vigorously implement the piers, algae nd other water sources protection and, promoting rural drinking water safety projects, setting up water pricing reform and environmental protection mechanism, guiding water depth. Further soil pollution and repair, strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention, mountain, water, forests, fields, lakes, various elements mutual long. Four, manage to tighten control, to play \split\Xia Baolong, Secretary of provincial party Committee stressed that while the \split\s over three years, but \nue to catch on, and resolve a split cannot be changed. All localities and departments to the village and %unauthorised\ated videoconference, Secretary of the provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stressed: this year is the \s \outstanding issues, obviously worked,\of the year. The County's departments at all levels must firmly establish the \old and silver\n development concept, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, always maintaining strategic ability and strong determination to improve the environment, consistently playing well \of\ng the war, ever-higher levels of comprehensive well-off society was built. (A) lay the sewage uphill battle. This year we will \quality improved at the county level, up to five\s basic objective grasp of pollution control that focus, with the focus on three things: a good job, \ching the County created. Organization \back\ction, the County garbage River, black and odorous River is \rectification of problems found in place firmly to prevent river pollution rebound. In accordance with the \-stop strategy\ng the inferior five water quality monitoring stations work this year to ensure the Elimination of 1 provincial control, five water quality section 3 municipalities controlled deterioration, ensure the creation this year of \ndards. Second, pay special attention to pollution-cutting construction of nanotubes. Intercepting nanotubes are the basis of pollution of water source engineering, engineering, matter of success or failure of water management. Urban sewage treatment, to improve \e treatment rate, running accuracy, compliance\d up the town's support network construction, is focusing on nanotubes home \on. Domestic sewage treatment in rural areas, this year is the final year of the three-year action, determination to fight and the momentum around, ending the battle on which fully to ensure the realization of all County 648 formed village coverage. Also, be sure to attach importance to focus on rural domestic wastewater treatment facility operation and management, ensure that wastewater treatment facility up and running, role play, avoid the \hird, pay special attention to the River Lake pond desilting operation. Provinces now have focused on pollution control of water go to \s the deepening water of this year's \s\Next, to jump-start an investigation line touches work, implementation plan according to the priorities and the programme of work, in accordance with the \one river one policy\detailed cleaning, dredging plan, planning ahead of time cleaning out mud \ng to local conditions to do sludge, promote scientific resource utilization of silt nd mud. (B) the heavy regulation of heavily polluting industries. Pollution of water must grab the source, wastewater is primarily the source of backward production capacity, increase the intensity of

图1

APON二层采用的是ATM封装和传送技术，因此存在带宽不足、技术复杂、价格高、承载IP业务效率低等问题，未能取得市场上的成功。

为更好适应IP业务，第一公里以太网联盟（EFMA）在2001年初提出了在二层用以太网取代ATM的EPON技术，IEEE802.3ah工作小组对其进行了标准化，EPON可以支持1.25Gbit/s对称速率，随着光器件的进一步成熟，将来速率还能升级到10Gbit/s。由于其将以太网技术与PON技术完美结合，EPON成为了非常适合IP业务的宽带接入技术。

(2)EPON系统的构成

在一个EPON中，不需任何复杂的协议，光信号就能准确地传送到最终用户，来自最终用户的数据也能被集中传送到中心网络。在物理层，EPON使用1000BASE的以太PHY，同时在PON的传输机制上，通过新增加的MAC控制命令来控制和优化各光网络单元(ONU)与光线路终端(OLT)之间突发性数据通信和实时的TDM通信。由于ONU在自己的时隙内发送数据报，因此没有碰撞，不需CDMA/CD，从而充分利用带宽。另外，EPON通过在MAC层中实现802.1p来提供与APON/GPON类似的QoS。

与其它PON技术一样，EPON技术采用点到多点的用户网络拓扑结构，利用光纤实现数据、语音和视频的全业务接入的目的。

EPON的系统结构如图2所示。一个典型的EthernetoverPON系统由OLT、ONU、POS组成。OLT（OpticalLine Terminal）在广电组网系统中放置于前端，因成本等因素的制约，在光纤铺设到楼的条件下，ONU（Optical Network Unit）放置于楼道，下连EOC（Ethernet over Cable）局端设备。POS（Passive Optical Splitter）是无源光纤分光器，可多级连接，灵活组网。EPON系统使用单模光纤，在一芯光纤上利用上下行两个波（上行波长1310 nm，下行波长1490 nm）传输双向数据。

reatment of heavily polluting industries. According to municipal, and municipal government deployment of seven big heavy pollution industry regulation \s action plans\o December 2016 end of Qian, all included shut stopped eliminated of enterprise all shut stopped eliminated in place; June 30, 2017 Qian, all included place regulation upgrade and agglomeration restructuring of enterprise by unified standard regulation in place, late not standard of enterprise are implementation discontinued; June 30, 2018 Qian, all intends Park production of enterprise relocation Park in place, late not Park of are discontinued. In the process of renovation, will focus on four aspects: to firmly close the high energy consumption and heavy pollution, hopeless enterprise governance and production lines, eliminated a number of yearly emission intensity, low value-added products of backward production capacity. Second, we must strictly enforce the space, total project \environment access system, promoting industry access and environmental conditions of access of enterprises to the Park, industrial park, in principle, no longer the class on the new project. Thirdly, promoting replacement and reconstruction of heavily polluting industries, mergers and reorganizations, guide enterprises to energy conservation, recycling and low-carbon and clean production, and improve the level of green development. Four to establish a long-term supervision mechanism, increase the intensity of special inspections, investigate and punish the rectification is not in place, normal business of running anti-pollution installations do not. (Iii) linkage to promote flood control water, drainage, water supply, improving water saving. Speed up cross ang support river dike reinforcement, and along Pu seawall except insurance reinforcement, and Lake Qian sluice, and BA Cao sluice, and cloud cover reservoir, focus flood control drainage engineering construction, vigorouslyimplementation \brary\ngineering, increased geological disaster hidden points governance efforts, solid advance small basin torrent disaster governance, efforts from essentially solution basin sex, and regional flood control drainage capacity insufficient of problem. Vigorously implement the piers, algae and other water sources protection and, promoting rural drinking water safety projects, setting up water pricing reform and environmental protection mechanism, guiding water depth. Further soil pollution and repair, strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention, mountain, water, forests, fields, lakes, various elements mutual long. Four, manage to tighten control, to play \split\Xia Baolong, Secretary of provincial party Committee stressed that while the \split\s over three years, but \nue to catch on, and resolve a split cannot be changed. All localities and departments to the village and %unauthorised\ated videoconference, Secretary of the provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stressed: this year is the \s \outstanding issues, obviously worked,\of the year. The County's departments at all levels must firmly establish the \old and silver\n development concept, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, always maintaining strategic ability and strong determination to improve the environment, consistently playing well \of\ng the war, ever-higher levels of comprehensive well-off society was built. (A) lay the sewage uphill battle. This year we will \quality improved at the county level, up to five\s basic objective grasp of pollution control that focus, with the focus on three things: a good job, \ching the County created. Organization \back\ction, the County garbage River, black and odorous River is \rectification of problems found in place firmly to prevent river pollution rebound. In accordance with the \-stop strategy\ng the inferior five water quality monitoring stations work this year to ensure the Elimination of 1 provincial control, five water quality section 3 municipalities controlled deterioration, ensure the creation this year of \ndards. Second, pay special attention to pollution-cutting construction of nanotubes. Intercepting nanotubes are the basis of pollution of water source engineering, engineering, matter of success or failure of water management. Urban sewage treatment, to improve \e treatment rate, running accuracy, compliance\d up the town's support network construction, is focusing on nanotubes home \on. Domestic sewage treatment in rural areas, this year is the final year of the three-year action, determination to fight and the momentum around, ending the battle on which fully to ensure the realization of all County 648 formed village coverage. Also, be sure to attach importance to focus on rural domestic wastewater treatment facility operation and management, ensure that wastewater treatment facility up and running, role play, avoid the \hird, pay special attention to the River Lake pond desilting operation. Provinces now have focused on pollution control of water go to \s the deepening water of this year's \s\Next, to jump-start an investigation line touches work, implementation plan according to the priorities and the programme of work, in accordance with the \one river one policy\detailed cleaning, dredging plan, planning ahead of time cleaning out mud \ng to local conditions to do sludge, promote scientific resource utilization of silt and mud. (B) the heavy regulation of heavily polluting industries. Pollution of water must grab the source, wastewater is primarily the source of backward production capacity, increase the intensity of

图2

EPON的优点主要表现在以下几个方面。

·成本低，维护简单，容易扩展，易于升级。EPON结构在传输途中不需要电源，节省电力，容易铺设，不占用小区机房，无需任何有源光模块，长期运营成本和管理成本的节省很大。

·EPON系统这种无源点对多点的光网络和原有广电HFC网络中的光网络完全类似。在光纤到楼道的布局方式中可以多个楼道共用一芯主干光纤，并且可以根据用户的实际地理分布情况和用户数灵活分光布纤，接入大量用户，大量节省主干光纤。

·EPON系统是面向未来的技术，完全基于以太网标准协议802.3ah，模块化程度高，扩展容易，投资回报率高，是日后向全IP网络过渡的一个很好的选择。

·上下行数据都在同一芯光纤传输，完全解决双向传输问题，提供高对称带宽。EPON目前可以提供上下行对称的1.25Gbit/s的带宽。

·带宽分配灵活，服务有保证。对带宽的分配和保证都有一套完整的体系。EPON可以通过DBA(动态带宽算法)、DiffServ、PQ/WFQ、WRED等来实现对每个用户进行带宽分配，并保证每个用户的QoS。

(3)EPON传输原理

EPON从OLT到多个ONU下行传输数据和从多个ONU到OLT上行传输数据是十分不同的，所采取的不同的上行/下行技术分别如图3所示。

当OLT启动后，它会周期性地在本端口上广播允许接入的时隙等信息。ONU上电后，根据OLT广播的允许接入信息，主动发起注册请求，OLT通过对ONU的认证（本过程可选），允许ONU接入，并给请求注册的ONU分配一个OLT端口惟一的一个逻辑链路标识（LLID）。

reatment of heavily polluting industries. According to municipal, and municipal government deployment of seven big heavy pollution industry regulation \s action plans\o December 2016 end of Qian, all included shut stopped eliminated of enterprise all shut stopped eliminated in place; June 30, 2017 Qian, all included place regulation upgrade and agglomeration restructuring of enterprise by unified standard regulation in place, late not standard of enterprise are implementation discontinued; June 30, 2018 Qian, all intends Park production of enterprise relocation Park in place, late not Park of are discontinued. In the process of renovation, will focus on four aspects: to firmly close the high energy consumption and heavy pollution, hopeless enterprise governance and production lines, eliminated a number of yearly emission intensity, low value-added products of backward production capacity. Second, we must strictly enforce the space, total project \environment access system, promoting industry access and environmental conditions of access of enterprises to the Park, industrial park, in principle, no longer the class on the new project. Thirdly, promoting replacement and reconstruction of heavily polluting industries, mergers and reorganizations, guide enterprises to energy conservation, recycling and low-carbon and clean production, and improve the level of green development. Four to establish a long-term supervision mechanism, increase the intensity of special inspections, investigate and punish the rectification is not in place, normal business of running anti-pollution installations do not. (Iii) linkage to promote flood control water, drainage, water supply, improving water saving. Speed up cross ang support river dike reinforcement, and along Pu seawall except insurance reinforcement, and Lake Qian sluice, and BA Cao sluice, and cloud cover reservoir, focus flood control drainage engineering construction, vigorouslyimplementation \brary\ngineering, increased geological disaster hidden points governance efforts, solid advance small basin torrent disaster governance, efforts from essentially solution basin sex, and regional flood control drainage capacity insufficient of problem. Vigorously implement the piers, algae and other water sources protection and, promoting rural drinking water safety projects, setting up water pricing reform and environmental protection mechanism, guiding water depth. Further soil pollution and repair, strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention, mountain, water, forests, fields, lakes, various elements mutual long. Four, manage to tighten control, to play \split\Xia Baolong, Secretary of provincial party Committee stressed that while the \split\s over three years, but \nue to catch on, and resolve a split cannot be changed. All localities and departments to the village and %unauthorised\ated videoconference, Secretary of the provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stressed: this year is the \s \outstanding issues, obviously worked,\of the year. The County's departments at all levels must firmly establish the \old and silver\n development concept, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, always maintaining strategic ability and strong determination to improve the environment, consistently playing well \of\ng the war, ever-higher levels of comprehensive well-off society was built. (A) lay the sewage uphill battle. This year we will \quality improved at the county level, up to five\s basic objective grasp of pollution control that focus, with the focus on three things: a good job, \ching the County created. Organization \back\ction, the County garbage River, black and odorous River is \rectification of problems found in place firmly to prevent river pollution rebound. In accordance with the \-stop strategy\ng the inferior five water quality monitoring stations work this year to ensure the Elimination of 1 provincial control, five water quality section 3 municipalities controlled deterioration, ensure the creation this year of \ndards. Second, pay special attention to pollution-cutting construction of nanotubes. Intercepting nanotubes are the basis of pollution of water source engineering, engineering, matter of success or failure of water management. Urban sewage treatment, to improve \e treatment rate, running accuracy, compliance\d up the town's support network construction, is focusing on nanotubes home \on. Domestic sewage treatment in rural areas, this year is the final year of the three-year action, determination to fight and the momentum around, ending the battle on which fully to ensure the realization of all County 648 formed village coverage. Also, be sure to attach importance to focus on rural domestic wastewater treatment facility operation and management, ensure that wastewater treatment facility up and running, role play, avoid the \hird, pay special attention to the River Lake pond desilting operation. Provinces now have focused on pollution control of water go to \s the deepening water of this year's \s\Next, to jump-start an investigation line touches work, implementation plan according to the priorities and the programme of work, in accordance with the \one river one policy\detailed cleaning, dredging plan, planning ahead of time cleaning out mud \ng to local conditions to do sludge, promote scientific resource utilization of silt nd mud. (B) the heavy regulation of heavily polluting industries. Pollution of water must grab the source, wastewater is primarily the source of backward production capacity, increase the intensity of数据从OLT到多个ONU以广播式下行（时分复用技术），根据IEEE802.3ah协议，每一个数据帧的帧头包含前面注册时分配的、特定ONU的逻辑链路标识（LLID），该标识表明本数据帧是给ONU（ONU1、ONU2、ONU3，......，ONUn）中的惟一一个。另外，部分数据帧可以是给所有的ONU（广播式）或者特殊的一组ONU（组播）。在图3的组网结构下，在分光器处，流量分成独立的三组信号，每一组载有到所有ONU的信号。当数据信号到达ONU时，ONU根据LLID，在物理层上做判断，接收给它自己的数据帧，摒弃那些给其它ONU的数据帧。如图3中，ONU1收到包1、2、3，但是它仅仅发送包1给终端用户1，摒弃包2和包3。

对于上行，采用时分多址接入技术（TDMA）分时隙给ONU传输上行流量。当ONU注册成功后，OLT会根据系统的配置，给ONU分配特定的带宽（在采用动态带宽调整时，OLT会根据指定的带宽分配策略和各个ONU的状态报告，动态地给每一个ONU分配带宽）。带宽对于PON层面来说，就是多少可以传输数据的基本时隙，每一个基本时隙单位时间长度为16ns。在一个OLT端口（PON端口）下面，所有的ONU与OLTPON端口之间的时钟是严格同步的，每一个ONU只能够在OLT给它分配的时刻开始，用分配给它的时隙长度传输数据。通过时隙分配和时延补偿，确保多个ONU的数据信号耦合到一根光纤时，各个ONU的上行包不会互相干扰。

对于安全性的考虑。上行方向，ONU不能直接接收到其它ONU上行的信号，所以ONU之间的通信都必须通过OLT，在OLT可以设置允许和禁止ONU之间的通信。在缺省状态下是禁止的，所以安全方面不存在问题。对于下行方向，由于EPON网络下行是采用广播方式传输数据，为了保障信息的安全，从以下几个方面进行保障。

·所有ONU接入的时候，系统可以对ONU进行认证，认证信息可以是ONU的惟一标识（如MAC地址或者是预先写入ONU的一个序列号），只有通过认证的ONU，系统才允许其接入。

·对于给特定ONU的数据帧，其它的ONU在物理层上，也会收到数据，在收到数据帧后，首先会比较LLID（处于数据帧的头部）是不是自己的，如果不是，就直接丢弃，数据不会上二层，这是在芯片层实现的功能，对于ONU的上层用户，如果想窃听到其它ONU的信息，除非自己去修改芯片来实现。

·加密，对于每一对ONU与OLT之间，可以启用128位的AES加密。各个ONU的密钥是不同的。

·VLAN隔离：通过VLAN方式，将不同的用户群或者不同的业务限制在不同的VLAN，保障相互之间的信息隔离。

2、EPON广电网络解决方案及最后一百米同轴宽带接入技术 (1)EPON广电网络解决方案

设计独立互不干扰的两套网络：EPON数据传输网和原有的有线电视承载网，如图4所示。

reatment of heavily polluting industries. According to municipal, and municipal government deployment of seven big heavy pollution industry regulation \s action plans\o December 2016 end of Qian, all included shut stopped eliminated of enterprise all shut stopped eliminated in place; June 30, 2017 Qian, all included place regulation upgrade and agglomeration restructuring of enterprise by unified standard regulation in place, late not standard of enterprise are implementation discontinued; June 30, 2018 Qian, all intends Park production of enterprise relocation Park in place, late not Park of are discontinued. In the process of renovation, will focus on four aspects: to firmly close the high energy consumption and heavy pollution, hopeless enterprise governance and production lines, eliminated a number of yearly emission intensity, low value-added products of backward production capacity. Second, we must strictly enforce the space, total project \environment access system, promoting industry access and environmental conditions of access of enterprises to the Park, industrial park, in principle, no longer the class on the new project. Thirdly, promoting replacement and reconstruction of heavily polluting industries, mergers and reorganizations, guide enterprises to energy conservation, recycling and low-carbon and clean production, and improve the level of green development. Four to establish a long-term supervision mechanism, increase the intensity of special inspections, investigate and punish the rectification is not in place, normal business of running anti-pollution installations do not. (Iii) linkage to promote flood control water, drainage, water supply, improving water saving. Speed up cross ang support river dike reinforcement, and along Pu seawall except insurance reinforcement, and Lake Qian sluice, and BA Cao sluice, and cloud cover reservoir, focus flood control drainage engineering construction, vigorouslyimplementation \brary\ngineering, increased geological disaster hidden points governance efforts, solid advance small basin torrent disaster governance, efforts from essentially solution basin sex, and regional flood control drainage capacity insufficient of problem. Vigorously implement the piers, algae and other water sources protection and, promoting rural drinking water safety projects, setting up water pricing reform and environmental protection mechanism, guiding water depth. Further soil pollution and repair, strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention, mountain, water, forests, fields, lakes, various elements mutual long. Four, manage to tighten control, to play \split\Xia Baolong, Secretary of provincial party Committee stressed that while the \split\s over three years, but \nue to catch on, and resolve a split cannot be changed. All localities and departments to the village and %unauthorised\ated