的重要基础设备和建筑结构方式，其抗震能力将大大加强。
4) 考虑到高压瓷设备在地震破坏性，应进行研究，在取代硅瓷高强度绝缘材料或其他新型瓷目标。
5) 对于大型变压器和开关设备等，他们的套管电气设备质量检验应给予更多的关注和设备应确保已连接牢固的基础。 6) 地震减少和变电设施隔离技术的研究应进行
进行深入探讨。同时，高压变电设备的抗震性能应该走过，尤其是用瓷套管或支柱绝缘子的某些要求应要求设备制造商。
7) 建议在抽查陶瓷器件的抗地震能力。瓷器的设备应选择一定比例作为随机地震模拟平台，以确保抗震性能设计样本。
8) 这次地震强化重点变电站和线路铁塔在地震带的设计标准应该提高，适当的备用设备和备品备件准备。
9) 应急响应应着力提高地震等突发事件。卫星电话可以考虑提供给一些关键变电站。
Investigation On Transmission and Substation Facilities of
Sichuan Power Grid in Wenchuan Earthquake
On May 12, 2008, an earthquake of Ms 8.0 County, Si chuan Province, China. It one of the most destructive earthquakes since the founding of P. R. China in 1949. The quake caused not only tremendous loss of life and wealth, but also severe damage to transmission and substation facilities. After the disaster, an expert group from China Electric Power Research Institute (CEPRI) was sent for on-site investigation. This paper is a summary of the investigation, in which suggestions for electric equipment to resist earthquake disasters are also
proponed.
On. May 12, 2008, 14:28, an Ms 8.0 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province in China. People all felt it in Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu, Henan, Shanxi , Shaanxi, Shandong, Yunnan, Hubei ,Shanghai, Chongqing, Beijing, e tc. The earthquake threatened greatly the security of people’s lives and possessions in the local area; it also inflicted a transmission and substation facilities. In order to minimize losses on these facilities, shorten repair time,resume electricity supply as soon as possible, thus to reduce secondary losses, it is necessary to make a survey on their after-quake conditions. In addition, based on the understanding about the aseismatic performance of the facilities, meaningful countermeasures can be put forward for improving their earthquake resisting abilities.
To understand the detailed status of the transmission and substation facilities of Sichuan power grid and to gain experience for earthquake after math mitigation in the future, an expert group from China Electric Power Research Institute (CEPRI) was organized and sent to Sichuan for on-site investigation from May 18 till May 21. Experts inspected some disastrous 220-kV and110-kV substations. They also Electric Power Company, Sichuan Electric Power Test & Research Institute, Sichuan De yang Electric Power Company and Sichuan Mianyang Electric Power Company, and obtained some spot information. Based on these, these, they presented a primary summary of damage to transmission and substation facilities in the earthquake.
According to the investigation done, similar to the earthquakes that bushings including transformers, circuit breakers, disconnectors, current
transformers, potential transformers, etc. Buildings of substations also encountered varying degrees of damage. Transmission lines and towers were not damaged very seriously。 Features of Wenchuan Earthquake
Wenchuan earthquake the most destructive and far going one since the founding of P. R. China in 1949. Both the strength and intensity of the earthquake exceeded that of the Tangshan earthquake in 1976.
Referring to the map of earthquake epicenters for China and
surrounding countries (from 780 B.C. to A.D. 1979) and Chinese seismicity map, Wenchuan is located on the central seismic belt of Chinese mainland. According to the “Working Report on Seismic Intensity Zoning Map of China[2],”Wenchuan is zoned as a area with strong and frequent seismic activities. Referring to the “Seismic Zoning Map of Ground Motion Parameters in China (GB)[3] ,” this area is just VII and the corresponding ground motion acceleration is 0.1g.
In accordance with the relevant information, the magnitude of the earthquake was confirmed as 8.0 on the Richter scale, and the intensity at the epicenter was about XI, which was far beyond the reference value given in the “Seismic Zoning Map of Ground Motion Parameters in China.”The disaster-ridden area was beyond 100 000 square kilometers.
Employees of substations described the earthquake。When it came, the 220-kV Anxian Substation was first shaken vertically. The shakes lasted about 10 seconds every time and 80 seconds totally. The case of Xinshi Substation in Deyang City was almost the same but the total duration was much longer roughly 2-3 minutes.
Since the Wenchuan earthquake, up to 8:00 on May22, 2008, nearly 7 000 aftershocks place, of which 167 strong ones with strengths above Ms 4.0 occurred in Wenchuan area.
To sum up, the features of Wenchuan earthquake were as follows. 1) The seismic intensity was very acceleration around 1.5g. 2) the active duration was long, reaching 2-3 minutes.
3) the source was shallow, about 14 kilometers beneath the ground. and 4) aftershocks were frequent in quite a long time. Damage to electric equipment Transformers
Damage to power transformers caused by the earthquake included mainly body displacement, breaking of mounting welds or bolts, cracking, leaking and displacement of porcelain bushings. Damage statistics on transformers
are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Statistics on number of transformer damaged by type Type of damage Leaking of oil Body displacement Bushing breaking Displacement of transformer body
Transformers were badly damaged in the earthquake。Many transformer bodies were displaced even dropped from mounting bases.
500 kV 2 0 220 kV 18 4 110 kV 20 3 0 14 43
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