Unit 1短语和知识点
一、短语
1. three bears 三只熊2. in the forest 在森林里3.a beautiful house一座美丽的房子 4. hungry and thirsty又饿又渴5.some hot soup一些热汤6.three bowls of soup三碗汤 7. just right 刚刚好8.too cold/hard/soft太冷/太硬/太软9.beside the house 在房子旁边 10.be afraid 害怕11.a soft sweet一颗软糖12.on the table在餐桌13.help us帮助我们 14.in front of her在她前面15.in front of the chair在椅子前面16.two hard beds两张硬床17.between the houses 在房子之间18.between me and him在我和他之间19. have a cold得了感冒 20.an English story一个英语故事21.read English stories 读英语故事22.a glass of milk一杯牛奶23.two glasses of milk两杯牛奶24.remember the words记住这些单词25.come and say过来并且说 26.put on your coats穿上你们的外套27.you two你们两个28. be popular流行29.in China在中国 30.a popular song一首流行歌31.in Western countries在西方国家32.have some cakes吃一些蛋糕 33. in the kitchen/fridge/tree/living room在厨房里/在冰箱里/在树上/在客厅里34.Really?真的吗? 35.(can’t)see some cakes(不能)看见一些蛋糕36.find their cousin/room找到他们的堂兄/房间 37.some toy cars一些玩具汽车38. three umbrellas三把伞39.things in a place 某个地方的东西 二.词性
1.there(对应词)here 2.there(同音词)their 3. here(同音词)hear听见 4.too(同义词) also 5.beautiful(副词)beautifully 6.good(副词)(同义词)well
7. right(反义词)wrong/left左8. right(同音词)write 9. can’t(完整形式)cannot 10.soft(对应词)hard 11.there is= there’s 12.have(第三人称单数)has
13.come(第三人称单数)comes 14.say(第三人称单数)says 15.story(复数)stories 16.many/much(比较级)more 17.some(同义词)any 18.is not=is’t 19.aren’t=are not 20.really(形容词)real 21.find注重结果(同义词组)look for注重过程 22.country(复数)countries 三.语法
There be 与have 的区别,前者表示空间有,后者表示某人有。
1.There be句型表示“某处有某物”,be动词用is还是用are遵循下面的原则: ①be动词后面如果跟的是单数名词或不可数名词,就用is;
There is a pencil case in the school bag. There is some soup/milk /tea/coffee/juice/water/chocolate.②be动词后面如果跟的是可数名词的复数,就用are. There are some desks in the classroom.
③be动词后面如果跟的是不止一种物品,就根据离它最近的物品选用is或are.(就近原则) There are some pictures and a telephone. There is a telephone and some pictures.
2.There be 句型的否定形式:在be动词的后面加not(is not可以缩写为isn't,are not可以缩写为 aren't)把some 改成any。
例:1.There is a pencil in the pencil box.(改为否定句)
There isn't a pencil in the pencil box. 或 There is no pencil in the pencil box
2. There are some crayons on the desk.(改为否定句)
There aren't any crayons on the desk. 或 There are no crayons on the desk.
3.“some”和“any”都有“一些”的意思.“some”一般用于肯定句,“any”用于否定句和一般疑问句。但在一些表示委婉请求,想得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中,也用“some”. 例:1.There are some watermelons in the basket.(肯定句)
2.There aren't any birds in the tree.(否定句) 3.Are there any toy trains on the table?(疑问句) 4.Would you like some tea?(表委婉请求)
注:some后接可数名词的复数形式,直接接不可数名词。 例:some beds ,some soup
4.There be的一般疑问句: be动词is ,are 提前,遇some 变any ; 例:1.There is a pencil in the pencil box.(改为一般疑问句)
Is there a pencil in the pencil box?
肯定回答:Yes,there is. 否定回答:No,there isn’t. 2. There are some crayons on the desk.(改为一般疑问句) Are there any crayons on the desk?
肯定回答:Yes,there are. 否定回答:No,there aren’t.
5.can在否定句中的用法:表示某人不能做某事时,通常在can后面加否定词not,注意not一般与can连写,也可缩写成can’t.后面加动词原形。 例如:Bobby cannot(can’t) see any cakes in the fridge. 6. 感叹句的结构:感叹句常用how或what来引导 (1)what引导的感叹句
a.What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数!What a beautiful house! b.What+形容词+可数名词复数! What nice dresses!
c. What+形容词+不可数名词! What delicious(可口的) milk! (2)how引导的感叹句
How+形容词/副词! How nice!
7.介词和动词后接人称的宾格形式:例如:beside her ,help me,in front of him等。 8.too强调“超出了正常的限度。”very只是表示“达到了一定的程度。” 9.元音加y结尾的名词复数直接加s,例如:boy-boys等。
辅音加y结尾的名词复数变y为i再加es,例如:baby-babies,family-families等。
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