焦炉煤气苯族烃回收蒸馏工段的设计 - 图文

毕 业 设 计

系 别： 化学工程技术系 课题名称： 84000 Nm3/h焦炉煤气苯族烃回收蒸馏工段的设计 班 级： 化工0913 学生姓名： 王睿 指导教师： 樊亚娟

2012年 1 月 8 日

中 文 摘 要

1 摘 要

本设计为8400Nm3/h焦炉煤气苯族烃回收蒸馏工段，主要包括六部分: 一 、工艺方法的论证及选择,工艺流程详述和说明。二 、主要设备的计算，论证和选型(脱苯塔、贫油冷却器等等)。三 、设备平面布置说明。四 、非工艺部分要求（自动化仪表，防火防爆，给水排水，供电，供气，土建，安全与劳保等）。五 、操作岗位的确定和人员编制。六 、经济概算。

本设计所采用的工艺流程为蒸馏脱苯。蒸馏脱苯部分采用的是管式炉加热生产一种苯的工艺。该工艺具有富油预热温度高，节省蒸汽耗量，脱苯效果好等优点，另外，贫油冷却器采用螺旋板换热器，贫富油换热器采用浮头式换热器，其具有传热系数大，省钢材等优点。

该工艺的总投资3869.72万元，投资回收期为1年2个月。

关键字：蒸馏；粗苯；洗油；吸收

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英 文

ABSTRACT

The design for the 8400Nm3 / h coke oven gas of benzene hydrocarbon recovery distillation section, mainly includes six parts: one, process appraisal and selection, process specification and description. In two, the main equipment of the calculation, demonstration and selection ( benzene tower, lean oil cooler etc. ). Three, equipment layout description. In four, parts of technology requirements ( automation instrumentation, fire proof, water supply and drainage, power supply, gas supply, construction, safety and labor insurance etc. ). In five, operating positions identified and staffing. Six, economic and budgetary estimate.

The design of the process for the distillation benzene. Distillation benzene part is used in pipe type heating furnace to produce a benzene process. The process has the advantages of rich oil preheating temperature is high, save steam consumption, removal of the advantages of good effect, in addition, lean oil cooler using spiral plate heat exchanger, and poor oil heat exchanger using floating head type heat exchanger, which has a large heat transfer coefficient, save steel etc..

The process of a total investment of 38697200uan, investment recovery period is 1 years and 2months.

Keywords: distillation of crude benzene; wash oil; absorption

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目录

目 录

1 摘 要························································································································· I 2 总论···························································································································· 1 2.1 设计依据············································································································· 1 2.2 设计方案的确定································································································· 2 2.3 工艺流程简述····································································································· 5 2.3.1 蒸汽加热法生产一种苯工艺······································································ 6 2.3.2 管式炉加热富油脱苯·················································································· 7 3 设备论证···················································································································· 8 3.1 脱苯塔················································································································· 8 3.2 贫油冷却器和贫富油换热器············································································· 8 3.2.1 贫油冷却器·································································································· 8 3.2.2 贫富油换热器······························································································ 9 4 工艺计算及主要设备的选型·················································································· 11 4.1 管式炉的计算··································································································· 11 4.1.1 管式炉物料衡算························································································ 11 4.1.2 管式炉的热量衡算···················································································· 15 4.2 再生器计算······································································································· 19 4.2.1 再生器的物料衡算计算············································································ 19 4.2.2 再生器选型································································································ 21 4.3 脱苯塔的计算··································································································· 21 4.3.1 脱苯塔的计算···························································································· 21 4.4 贫富油换热器··································································································· 25 4.4.1 贫富油换热器的计算················································································ 25 4.5 贫油冷却器的计算··························································································· 29 4.6 冷凝冷却器······································································································· 30 4.7 分缩器··············································································································· 30 5 主要管道的计算与选型·························································································· 32 5.1 煤气管道的计算与选型··················································································· 32 5.2 水蒸气管道的计算与选型··············································································· 32 5.3 富油管道的计算与选型··················································································· 33 5.4 贫油管道的计算与选型··················································································· 33 6 泵的计算与选型······································································································ 34 7 工艺说明·················································································································· 37 7.1 设备布置··········································································································· 37 7.1.1 设备布置原则···························································································· 37 7.1.2 粗苯工段设备工艺布置············································································ 37

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目录

7.2 操作岗位的确定及岗位定员··········································································· 38 7.2.1 岗位的确定································································································ 38 7.2.2 岗位定员···································································································· 38 7.3 岗位操作规程··································································································· 38 7.3.1 岗位操作···································································································· 38 7.3.2 洗涤部分开、停工操作············································································ 39 7.3.3 特殊操作···································································································· 39 7.3.4 不正常情况处理························································································ 40 8 非工艺说明·············································································································· 41 8.1 自动化仪表的要求··························································································· 41 8.2 防火防爆和采暖通风······················································································· 42 8.2.1 防火防爆：································································································ 42 8.2.2 采暖通风···································································································· 42 8.3 供汽和给排水··································································································· 42 8.3.1 给排水········································································································ 42 8.3.2 检化验项目································································································ 43 8.4 电力 土建······································································································· 43 8.4.1 电力············································································································ 43 8.4.2 土建············································································································ 44 8.5 其他··················································································································· 44 8.6 三废处理及环境保护······················································································· 44 8.6.1 车间三废排量及组成················································································ 44 8.6.2 三废处理措施及效果················································································ 45 8.6.3 安全生产与劳动保护················································································ 45 8.6.4 节能措施···································································································· 45 经济概算······················································································································ 46 9.1 编制说明··········································································································· 46 9.2 经济概算··········································································································· 46 设备及管道材料汇总·································································································· 49 10.1 粗苯回收车间粗苯设备一览表····································································· 49 10.2 管道明细总表································································································· 49 致 谢·························································································································· 52 参考文献······················································································································ 53

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